题目内容
【题目】 Compulsory citywide garbage sorting began in Beijing in April, aided by new guidelines for residents and the start of a three-month inspection campaign to monitor enforcement. The strict garbage sorting rules require residents to classify their domestic trash into four different categories: kitchen waste, recyclables, hazardous waste and other waste. 【1】
Communities and villages across the capital must set up four different colored trash bins. 【2】 To help residents better classify their domestic trash, four supporting measures would specify the management standards and implementation procedures for classifying garbage. For example, a guideline released in April advised residents to have two trash bins and one garbage bag at home to make the separation of different kinds of waste more convenient.
【3】 The inspection, lasting until the end of July, will focus on mixed waste and its dumping and transport. Meanwhile, the city's market supervision authorities will begin a three-month crackdown on the illegal use and sale of plastic bags.
Under the newly revised domestic waste regulation, supermarkets, shopping malls and trade markets may no longer use super thin or free plastic bags. 【4】
By the end of March, there were 44 domestic waste treatment facilities in Beijing, capable of handling 32,711 metric tons of trash a day, the capital's urban management authorities said. The capital collected 10.11 million tons of household waste last year.
Some residential communities in Beijing have introduced incentives（激励）to encourage residents to sort their garbage. 【5】 Some communities had explored new ways of reusing kitchen waste as fertilizer for the residents' rooftop garden.
A.Law enforcement agencies will launch a three-month inspection to monitor compliance with compulsory trash sorting.
B.Those who fail to sort their garbage properly could face fines of up to 200 yuan （$28）.
C.The community acquired a trash treatment machine last year that can recycle some kitchen waste to produce organic soil in 24 hours as fertilizer for potted plants.
D.Restaurants and hotels must stop offering disposable items unless customers request them.
E.Residents can earn points by classifying their domestic waste correctly and then exchange the points they accumulate for daily necessities such as napkins and soap.
F.The treatment facility makes residents more familiar with the processing of garbage and spur their enthusiasm for trash sorting.
G.Green bins will be for kitchen waste, blue ones for recyclables, red for hazardous waste and gray for other waste.
【答案】
【1】B
【2】G
【3】A
【4】D
【5】E
【解析】
本文是新闻报道。文章报道了北京市开始在全市范围内强制执行垃圾分类的情况。
【1】
上文提到“北京开始在全市范围内强制垃圾分类”“开始为期三个月的监督执行情况的检查行动”；选项B意思为：那些没有正确分类垃圾的人将面临高达200元(28美元)的罚款。选项B是上文关于垃圾分类政策的内容的一部分。故选B项。
【2】
此题线索是词汇复现。空前一句提到“首都各地的社区和城中村必须设置四个不同颜色的垃圾桶”；选项G意思为：绿色的垃圾桶用来装厨房垃圾，蓝色的用来装可回收物品，红色的用来装有害垃圾，灰色的用来装其他垃圾。此题线索是上下义词复现，空前一句的“four different colored trash bins”是上义词，选项G中“green …blue …red … gray”是下义词。故选G项。
【3】
此题线索是词汇复现。选项A意思为：执法机构将展开为期三个月的检查，以监督强制垃圾分类的执行情况。空后一句中的“The inspection, lasting until the end of July…”即是选项A中“a three-month inspection”的同义复现，空后一句是顺承选项A的话题。故选A项。
【4】
上文提到“该市市场监管部门将对非法使用和销售塑料袋展开为期三个月的打击行动”“超市、购物中心和贸易市场不得再使用超薄塑料袋或免费塑料袋”；由此可知，这一部分是关于对非法使用和销售塑料袋的管理措施；选项D意思为：餐馆和酒店必须停止提供一次性用品，除非顾客要求。选项D是关于餐馆和酒店使用塑料袋的管理，因此选项D是顺承上文的话题。故选D项。
【5】
空前一句提到“北京的一些居民社区引入激励机制，鼓励居民将他们的垃圾分类”；选项E意思为：居民可以通过正确地分类他们的家庭垃圾来获得积分，然后用积攒的积分换取一些日用品，比如餐巾纸和肥皂。 选项E是鼓励居民将垃圾分类的具体做法之一，是顺承空前一句的话题。故选E项。
