Are there any foreigners in your city? How do you address(称呼) them in English when you want to talk to these foreigners? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.

1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. In most cases, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.

2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal for most situations. They are used mostly to customers in shops or restaurants .While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don’t know.

3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names directly. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr.”, “Mrs.”, “Ms.”, etc, before their family names.

4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.

If you meet foreigners, do remember not to address them in wrong ways.

1.According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to _______.

A. address a person you don’t know

B. apologize to others

C. catch the attention of a stranger

D. suggest good manners

2. If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him______.

A. John B. Smith

C. Mr. John D. Mr. Smith

3.What is the title of this passage?

A. Foreigners in Your City

B. How to Introduce Others

C. Politeness Education

D. How to Address Foreigners

完形填空

阅读短文,从1-20小题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中,选出最佳选项。

“Wanted by the FBI.” To the murderer, or the bank robber, these are the most ________ words in the world. When the criminal hears them, he knows that 6,000 ________ persons are after him.

Why should he be so afraid? There are thousands of cities and ________ where he can hide, and forests and deserts, as well. ________, he’s usually rich with stolen money. ________ can make it easier to hide. With money, the criminal can even pay a doctor to ________ on his face and make him hard to recognize. But the criminals know that as public ________, they can be found by the FBI no matter where they hide.

They know every trick the criminal knows and many more. If he makes just one ________ , they’ll get him. That’s why the criminal who is ________ can’t sleep. That’s why he becomes nervous, why he jumps at every ________ .

The FBI began on May 10th, 1924. General Harlan Stone chose Edgar Hoover, a young lawyer, to head the new agency. “What we need is a ________ new kind of police force,”he said,“ ________ today are smart. They use stolen cars and even planes to make their gateways. They have learned to ________ any lock, using advanced technology. We can’t beat them with old methods. We have to train officers to ________ scientifically.”

Edgar Hoover quietly ________ with his plans. He picked his men carefully. They had to be between the ages of 25 and 35. He wanted only men with good manners and good ________ . When working ________his officers, they would have to meet all kinds of people. Hoover wanted men who could ________ a teacup as well as a gun. But the FBI cannot help in ________ police problem. It can look into only certain crimes against the government. Solving all other crimes is the ________ of local police forces.

1.A. excitingB. frighteningC. disappointingD. depressing

2.A. educatedB. selectedC. trainedD. deserted

3.A. housesB. factoriesC. hotelsD. villages

4.A. BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Instead

5.A. ForestsB. CitiesC. MoneyD. Food

6.A. judgeB. operateC. drawD. mask

7.A. officialsB. officersC. friendsD. enemies

8.A. mistakeB. movementC. motivationD. murder

9.A. checkedB. wantedC. examinedD. targeted

10.A. stepB. glanceC. soundD. corner

11.A. whollyB. partlyC. brieflyD. simply

12.A. LawyersB. PolicemenC. CitizensD. Criminals

13.A. closeB. openC. makeD. destroy

14.A. workB. studyC. interviewD. develop

15.A. went throughB. went offC. went aheadD. went out

16.A. appearancesB. eyesightC. tonguesD. character

17.A. forB. asC. withD. at

18.A. handleB. getC. blockD. afford

19.A. tinyB. otherC. everyD. special

20.A. rightB. taskC. powerD. duty

Low-Cost Gifts for Mother's Day

Gift No. 1

Offer to be your mother's health friend. Promise to be there for any and all doctor's visits whether a disease or a regular medical check-up. Most mothers always say "no need," another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctor's visit. The best part? This one is free.

Gift No. 2

Help your mother organize all of her medical records, which include the test results and medical information. Put them all in one place. Be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them. "Having all this information in one place could end up saving your mother's life," Dr. Marie Savard said.

Gift No. 3

Enough sleep is connected to general health conditions. "Buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep," Savard said. "We know that good sleep is very important to our health."

Gift No. 4

Some gift companies such as Presents for Purpose allow you to pay it forward this Mother's Day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构) Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things -many of which are "green" - and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. When your mother gets the gift, she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.

1.What are you advised to do for your mother at doctor's visits?

A. Take notes. B. Be with her.

C. Buy medicine. D. Give her gifts.

2.Where can you find a gift idea to improve your mother’s sleep?

A. In Gift No. 1. B. In Gift No. 2.

C. In Gift No. 3. D. In Gift No. 4.

3.Buying gifts from Presents for Purpose allows mothers to _______.

A. enjoy good sleep B. be well-organized

C. get extra support D. give others help

People like different kinds of vacations. Some go camping. They swim, fish, cook over a fire and sleep outside. Others like to stay at a hotel in an exciting city. They go shopping all day and go dancing all night. Or maybe they go sightseeing to places such as Disneyland, the Tai Mahal or the Louvre.

Some people are bored with sightseeing trips. They don’t want to be “tourists”. They want to have an adventure— a surprising and exciting trip. They want to learn something and maybe help people too. How can they do this ? Some travel companies and environmental groups are planning special adventures. Sometimes these trips are difficult and full of the world. Some volunteers spend two weeks and study the environment. Others work with animals. Others learn about people of the past.

Would you like an adventure in the Far North ? A team of volunteers is leaving from Murmansk, Russia. The leader of this trip is a professor from Alaska. He’s worried about chemicals from factories. He and the volunteers will study this pollution in the environment. If you like exercise and cold weather, this is a good trip for you. Volunteers need ski sixteen kilometers every day.

Do you enjoy ocean animals ? You can spend two to four weeks in Hawaii. There, you can teach language to dolphins. Dolphins can follow orders such as “Bring me the large ball”. They also understand opposites. How much more can they understand ? It will be exciting to learn about these intelligent animals. Another study trip goes to Washington State and follows orcas. We call orcas “Killer Whale” , but they’ re really dolphins—the largest kind of dolphin. These beautiful animals travel together in family groups. They move through the ocean with their mothers, grandmothers and great-grandmothers. Ocean pollution is chasing their lives. Earthwatch is studying how this happens.

Are you interested in history ? Then Greece is the place for your adventure. Thirty-five hundred years ago a volcano exploded there, on Santorini. This explosion was more terrible than Krakatoa or Mount Saint Helens. But today we know a lot about the way of life of the people from that time. There are houses, kitchens, and paintings as interesting as those in Pompei. Today teams of volunteers are learning more about people from the past.

Do you want a very different vacation ? Do you want to travel far, work hard and learn a lot? Then an Earthwatch vacation is for you.

1.According to the passage, on an adventure trip, people ______________.

A. may not spend much time on sightseeing

B. won’ t meet some difficulties or hardships

C. can’t enjoy themselves .

D. can’t learn anything

2.If you want to learn something about people of the past, you can ___________

A. join the team to Hawaii

B. join the team to the Far North

C. join the team to Washington

D. join the team to Greece

3.The word “intelligent” in paragraph 4 means __________________.

A. exciting B. beautiful C. large D. clever

4.Which of the following is false ?

A. Some people find sightseeing trips boring.

B. Earthwatch is planning various special adventures

C. The life of orcas is under threat.

D. Many volcano explosions broke out 3, 500 years ago in Greece.

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