题目内容

There are new findings that not enough sleep may cause people to gain weight. Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal(激素的) changes that increase feelings of hunger.
In one study, researchers in the United States examined information on more than 1000 people. The people had taken part in a long-term study of sleep disorders.
Some people slept less than five hours a night. They had 15 percent higher blood levels of a hormone called ghrelin than people who slept eight hours. And they had 15 percent less of the hormone leptin. Experts say ghrelin helps make people feel hungry; leptin makes you feel full.
The scientists say these hormonal changes may be a cause of obesity in Western societies. They note the combination that sleep limitation is common and food is widely available.
The results were not affected by how much people exercised. People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight. It seems that, for survival, the body may be designed to store more fat during times with less sleep.
Researchers from Stanford University in California and the University of Wisconsin did the study. They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.
The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.
【小题1】Not enough sleep can cause obesity by ______.

A.burning more of your energy
B.making you want to eat more food
C.keeping you from doing exercise
D.helping you feel great without food
【小题2】Which would be a point supported by the reported findings?
The more you sleep, the farther away you are from obesity.
Those who don’t sleep at all are the most likely to put on weight.
Sleeping contributes more to obesity than eating.
It’s not wise to use sleep hours for exercise.
【小题3】When you sleep 7.7 hours a night, you will ______ .
have your ghrelin level rise and leptin level drop
have your leptin level rise and ghrelin level drop
have your ghretin and leptin levels properly balanced
have your hunger increase and your weight decrease
【小题4】The writer wrote this passage to _______ .
A.make a news report
B.offer a piece of medical advice
C.make an advertisement
D.keep a record of the old findings
【小题5】You can read the findings________.
A.Only on the Internet
B.only in Medicine
C.Both on the Internet and in Medicine
D.Neither on the Internet nor in Medicine


【小题1】B
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
【小题5】C

解析试题分析:
【小题1】B 推理题。根据文章第一段第二行Researchers say a lack of sleep can produce hormonal(激素的) changes that increase feelings of hunger说明缺少睡眠会让人感觉饿,会增加人的食欲。故B正确。
【小题2】D 细节题。根据第五段2,3行People who are awake longer have more time to burn energy. But the researchers say loss of sleep may increase hunger especially for high-calorie foods, so people gain weight.说明把睡眠的时间拿来锻炼并不是好主意,因为睡眠少会让人发胖。
【小题3】C 细节题。根据文章倒数第二段They found that the best amount of sleep for weight control is 7.7 hours a night.说明7.7个小时的睡眠是最好的,即这种睡眠可以让你有恰当的荷尔蒙的分泌。故C正确。
【小题4】A 推理题。根据文章最后一段The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.说明这是一份新闻报告。故A正确。
【小题5】C推理题。根据文章最后一段The Public Library of Science published the findings in its journal Medicine . Internet users can read the full study, free of charge, at plos. org.说明在journal Medicine和网站上都可以看到这篇文章。故C正确。
考点:考查新闻报告类短文阅读
点评:本文是一篇关于睡眠不足引起人的健康问题的新闻报告。集中考查了推理题,难度较大,要求考生在认真审题的基础之上进行合理的推理。尤其是57,58两题。

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Yearly influenza epidemics can  3   affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of  4   age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.

Seasonal influenza  5   easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an   6    person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them  7    and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus.  8    transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and  9   their hands regularly.

Drugs for influenza are   10   in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop  11    to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.

Influenza epidemics occur    12   during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million   13     of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.

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(  ) 1. A. its                 B. it’s                    C. all                    D. other

(  ) 2. A. cause                 B. lead                  C. result                D. bring

(  ) 3. A. lightly           B. slightly             C. seriously           D. heavily

(  ) 4. A. all                 B. any                   C. no                    D. both

(  ) 5. A. goes                  B. spreads              C. comes            D. happens

(  ) 6. A. to infect        B. infecting           C.  infected          D. infect

(  ) 7. A. off                B. away                 C. out                   D. in

(  ) 8. A. To prevent     B. To protect          C. To prepare         D. To prefect

(  ) 9. A. wash             B. washing            C. to wash             D. washed

(  ) 10. A. free             B. available           C. useful               D. helpful

(  ) 11. A. assistance     B. resistance          C. consistence        D. preference

(  ) 12. A. monthly              B. weekly              C. daily                 D. yearly

(  ) 13. A. pieces          B. states                C. conditions         D. cases

(  ) 14. A. developed    B. developing        C. big                   D. small

(  ) 15. A. lose             B. losses                C. loose                 D. lost

(  ) 16. A. For                 B. Because             C. While               D. Whether

(  ) 17. A. /                 B. which               C. do                    D. who

(  ) 18. A. Little           B. Much                C. Few                  D. Lot

(  ) 19. A. Affective          B. effective            C. attractive           D. aggressive

(  ) 20. A. about           B. of                         C. for                    D. to

I fell in love with England because it was quaint (古雅)—all those little houses, looking terri??bly old-fashioned but nice, like dolls’ houses.I loved the countryside and the pubs, and I loved London.I’ve slightly changed my mind after seventeen years because I think it’s an ugly town now.

Things have changed. For everybody, England meant gentlemen, fair play, and good man??ners.The fair play is going, unfortunately, and so are the gentlemanly attitudes and good man??ners—people shut doors heavily in your face and politeness is disappearing.

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As a woman, I feel unsafe here.I spend a bomb on taxis because I will not take public trans??port after 10 p.m.I used to use it, but now I’m afraid.

The idea of family seems to be more or less non-existent in England. My family is well united and that’s typically French.In Middlesex I had a neighbour who is 82 now.His family only lived two miles away, but I took him to France for Christmas once because he was always alone.

The writer doesn’t like London because she ______.

       A.is not used to the life there now

       B.has lived there for seventeen years

       C.prefers to live in an old-fashioned house

       D.has to be polite to everyone she meets there

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       A.In a cafe.     B.In a restaurant.      C.In a nightclub.  D.In a pub.

The underlined part “it” (in Par      A.4) refers to______.

       A.a taxi                     B.the money        C.a bomb           D.public transport

The writer took her neighbour to France for Christmas because he ______.

       A.felt lonely in England                         B.had never been to France

       C.was from a typical French family         D.didn't like the British idea of family

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  information?

Disapproving   B. Positive       C. Indifferent     D. Dangerous

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B. The growing trend of reporting only half-truths is getting out of control.

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D. We should learn to think critically and look at problems from all sides.

填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分l0分)

    阅读短文,根据所读内容在表中的空格处填上适当的单词或短语。注意:每空不超过3个单词。

What causes traffic jams? Too many cars,right? No! Some Brits are now saying that trafficlights are to blame for much of the congestion.

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The idea may sound strange,but it’s not new.Seven cities and regions in Europe are experimenting with no-lights roads.

Drachten in the Netherlands has gotten rid of 16 of its traffic light crossings and changed the other two to roundabouts under a“shared space”scheme.At crossings, cyclists dutifully raise their arm when they want to make a turn,and drivers follow a first.arrived,first.through approach and communicate by hand signs,nods and waving.The result? Typical journey time has been cut in half and accidents and congestion have mostly disappeared.

There have been small collisions but no problem,said Hans Monderman,creator of the scheme.“We want small accidents,in order to prevent serious ones.It works well because it’s dangerous.The driver has to be responsible for his or her own risk

 “The many rules take away the ability to be considerate”Monderman added.“We’re losing our responsibility for socially responsible behavior.”

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    Tony Ooostward,70,was equally enthusiastic.“I am a walker and now you are the boss at the crossroads,everyone waits for you.But at the same time walkers wait until there are a number of people wanting to cross at the same time.”

    Owen Paterson,UK’s Shadow Transport Minister。visited Drachten.He said Britain should learn from the model.“The idea is to create space where there is mild anxiety among everyone so they all behave cautiously.No one drives fast along a busy street thinking that they have right of way.”

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    The following day after our arrival was Turkey’s Children’s Day, started by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Ataturk loved children and he often said, “Children are a new beginning of tomorrow.” He even devoted the day 23rd of April to the children which today is celebrated as Children’s Day as well as the date when the Republic of Turkey was founded.

    On that day certain children are picked to take over the places of the government, and a lucky kid will be the president of Turkey for a whole day. He can decide what’s going to happen and whether or not he is going to have the president next to him. There are a very large number of possibilities of things he can do but some shops aren’t open because they are celebrating the day as well.

    All in all, it was a more enjoyable trip. I would recommend (推荐) a trip to Turkey to anyone with an adventurous spirit!

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A. it was difficult to travel in Turkey

B. it was not easy to drive in Turkey

C. the streets in Turkey were dangerous

D. there were many mountain roads

What do we know from the first paragraph?

A. Places in mountainous areas were difficult to reach.

B. It took the couple 12 days to drive to Turkey.

C. The Turkish drivers had good manners.

D. It was difficult to eat meals in Turkey.

The underlined word “He” in paragraph 3 refers to “________”.

A. everyone of us              B. the government

C. the president of Turkey    D. the lucky child

What can be inferred(推断) from the passage?

A. The couple had little difficulty making their way in Turkey.

B. Turkey doesn’t celebrate International Children’s Day.

C. The author joined in celebrating Turkey’s Children’s Day.

D. On Turkey’s Children’s Day, everyone had holidays.

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