题目内容

Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden fever, cough, headache, muscle and joint pain, sore throat and runny nose. Most people recover from fever and   1  symptoms within a week without requiring medical attention. But influenza can  2  severe illness or death in people at high risk. The time from infection to illness is about two days.

Yearly influenza epidemics can  3   affect all age groups, but the highest risk of complications occur among children younger than age two, adults age 65 or older, and people of  4   age with certain medical conditions, such as chronic heart, lung, kidney, liver, blood or metabolic diseases, or weakened immune systems.

Seasonal influenza  5   easily and can sweep through schools, nursing homes or businesses and towns. When an   6    person coughs, infected droplets get into the air and another person can breathe them  7    and be exposed. The virus can also be spread by hands infected with the virus.  8    transmission, people should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing, and  9   their hands regularly.

Drugs for influenza are   10   in some countries and effectively prevent and treat the illness. Some influenza viruses develop  11    to the antiviral medicines, limiting the effectiveness of treatment.

Influenza epidemics occur    12   during autumn and winter in temperate regions. Illnesses result in hospitalizations and deaths mainly among high-risk groups. Worldwide, these annual epidemics result in about three to five million   13     of severe illness, and about 250 000 to 500 000 deaths.

Influenza can cause serious public health and economic problems. In   14    countries, epidemics can result in high levels of worker absenteeism and productivity   15   .   16    most people recover from a bout(轮) of influenza, there are large numbers of people who need hospital treatment and many   17    die from the disease every year.   18     is known about the effects of influenza epidemics in developing countries.

The most    19   way to prevent the disease or severe outcomes from the illness is vaccination. Vaccination is especially important for people at higher risk of serious influenza complications, and for people who live with or care  20    high risk individuals.

(  ) 1. A. its                 B. it’s                    C. all                    D. other

(  ) 2. A. cause                 B. lead                  C. result                D. bring

(  ) 3. A. lightly           B. slightly             C. seriously           D. heavily

(  ) 4. A. all                 B. any                   C. no                    D. both

(  ) 5. A. goes                  B. spreads              C. comes            D. happens

(  ) 6. A. to infect        B. infecting           C.  infected          D. infect

(  ) 7. A. off                B. away                 C. out                   D. in

(  ) 8. A. To prevent     B. To protect          C. To prepare         D. To prefect

(  ) 9. A. wash             B. washing            C. to wash             D. washed

(  ) 10. A. free             B. available           C. useful               D. helpful

(  ) 11. A. assistance     B. resistance          C. consistence        D. preference

(  ) 12. A. monthly              B. weekly              C. daily                 D. yearly

(  ) 13. A. pieces          B. states                C. conditions         D. cases

(  ) 14. A. developed    B. developing        C. big                   D. small

(  ) 15. A. lose             B. losses                C. loose                 D. lost

(  ) 16. A. For                 B. Because             C. While               D. Whether

(  ) 17. A. /                 B. which               C. do                    D. who

(  ) 18. A. Little           B. Much                C. Few                  D. Lot

(  ) 19. A. Affective          B. effective            C. attractive           D. aggressive

(  ) 20. A. about           B. of                         C. for                    D. to

1--20    DACBB   CDAAB   BDDAB   CDABC  


解析:

本文主要论述的季节流行性感冒基本知识:症状,感染人群,传播方式,治疗和疫苗。做题时应该根据日常生活中对流感的基本常识,来确定答案。

1. D 根据前一句说的流感的特点,其中就有“fever”,“发烧”只是患流行感冒的一个症状,此空是说还有“别的”症状,AC项分别表示“它的”“所有的”,B项是it is或者it was或者it has的缩写,故此空填“other”:别的。

2. A 有上下文两句的句意:大多数人在一个周之内无需药物治疗就可以从流感中恢复健康,但是(语意发生了转折)流感也能导致严重病变或者有高的致死风险。此题中的lead, result, bring只有分别带上to, in,和about之后才能表示“导致”之意。

3. C 词句的语意是:虽然季节流感可能会严重影响各个年龄群体的人,但是高风险的复杂病情常常出现在两岁以下的婴幼儿,65岁以上的老年人或者任何年龄层的患有某种病症的人身上。从倒数第二段和倒数第三段中,我们得知:流行感冒导致病人住院治疗,大约三到五百万人严重患病,还大量病人死亡,再者也导致了公共健康问题和经济问题。故这儿用“seriously”:严重地。

4. B 考查形容词的词义和在文中的意思。有上一题的分析,此空表示“任何”年龄层的人的意思。All表示“所有”。这样一来age得用复数。Both表示“两者都”,no表示“没有”,ACD项明显都不合适。故用“any”:任何。

5. B 这儿考查是动词词义的辨析。流行感冒是一种传染病,容易传播,叙述的是流行感冒所具有的容易传播的特点,故用“传播”spreads.最容易让学生上当的是AD两项。Go往往用来表示“进行”;happen表示“偶然发生”;come表是“来”,故B项最合适。

6.C 此处考查的是非谓语动词的含义和用法。此段落论述的是流行感冒的传播,有常识我们知道:已经感染的人咳嗽、打喷嚏之后,感染的颗粒就进入到了空气里。此处填过去分词infected,意思就是:感染过的,受感染的。

7. D 由上一句的解释可知:感染的颗粒就进入到了空气里,另外的人把它呼“进”去,就容易感染流行感冒。这四个副词当中只有in表示“进去”,off和away表示“远离”,out表示“向外”。故用D项。

8. A 这一句的语境是:为了防止传染,人们咳嗽的时候应该用纸巾盖着嘴和鼻子,并且经常洗手。此处用不定式表示目的。BCD项分别依次表示:为了保护……,为了准备……,为了完善……,语境和语言逻辑方面显得都不合适。故选择A项。

9. A 根据上一题的解释,结合该词所咋的句子的结构:people是这一句的主语,cover和wash是这一句的谓语动词。所以选择A项。

10. B 有这一句的语境:在一些国家有针对流行感冒的药可以使用,并且能够有效地预防和治疗这种流行病。A项free 是“空闲的,空余的”,CD两项useful是“有用的”,helpful是“有帮助的”逻辑上不搭配。故选择B项。

11. B 此题有一定得的难度,就看平时记单词的准确性和牢固性。Assistance:帮助,resistance: 抵抗,consistence:稳定,结实,preference:偏爱,偏好。语境是:有些流行感冒病毒具有抗药性,结果限制了治疗的有效性。故选择B项。

12. D 有常识我们知道流行感冒有季节性,但这四个词中就数D项合适了。意思是:每年的秋冬季节一些温带地区发生流行感冒。

13. D 有这一句的语境:每年这种流行病导致全世界三到五百万的严重病例,还有大量的病人死亡。这四个词中只有cases意思是“病例”。

14. A 此题考查上下文之间的逻辑照应。这一段从两个方面来论述流行感冒所引起的问题。一是,在发达国家,二是在发展中国家。做此题时,学生应该根据这一段下文最后一句中的developing来确定。BCD项的意思分别是:发展中的,大的,小的,它们所表示的意思与句意跟逻辑都不对应,故A项最合适。

15. B 此题考查的是单词的词义及词性。此处需要的是名词,因为losses和absenteeism两词都做介词of的宾语,故是名词,而lose,“失去”,是动词;loose,“松散的”,是形容词;lost,“迷失的”,是形容词。Loss是名词,意思是:损失。故B项合适。

16. C 此题考查对连词的逻辑关系的理解。语境是:虽然大多数人经过一轮的流行感冒之后恢复正常,但是每年都有很多人需要住院治疗,也有很多人死于这种疾病。故用C项,while此时是“虽然”之意。

17. D 此题表面上是考查定语从句的,而实质上也考查句子结构。此句的主干结构是:there are large numbers of people…… and many…… every year., 而who need hospital treatment和     die from the disease都是定语从句,先行词都是people,只不过many是代词,代指many people,第二个定语从句有缺少主语,故用D项。

18. A 此题的解题关键在于对整段逻辑关系的梳理。前文说:流行感冒在发达国家造成了很多损失,这儿是拿流行感冒在发达国家造成的影响与在发展中国家相比较,因此,合乎逻辑的表达就是:然而流行感冒在发展中国家造成的影响,人们知之甚少。故用A项

19. B 此题的语境是:预防这种疾病和它带来的严重后果的有效方法是注射疫苗。此处应是形容词修饰名词way。affective:adj.感动的,感情的;effective: adj. 有效的,有影响的;attractive:诱人的;aggressive:有进取心的,语意上不符合逻辑。故用B项。

20. C 此题考查的动词短语的意思。care about: 介意,关心; care for:喜欢,照顾。故用C项。

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I still clearly remember that day. I was on the side of the road for close to four hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows that said, “NEED A JACK(千斤顶)”.

Right as I was about to give up, a truck stopped and a man got off. He sized up the situation and went back to take a jack. After about two hours, we finished the job with sweats. We were both dirty. His wife produced a large water jug for us to wash our hands in.

I tried to put $20 in the man’s hand, but he wouldn’t take it, so instead I went up and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I thanked them up one side and down the other. I asked the little girl, their daughter, where they lived, thinking maybe I’d send them a gift. She said they lived in Mexico. They were in Oregon now so Mommy and Daddy could pick cherries for the next few weeks. After that, they were going to pick peaches, and then go back home.

After I said my goodbyes and started walking back to the Jeep, the girl called out and asked if I’d had lunch. When I told her no, she ran up and handed me a tamale(玉米粽子). I thanked them again and walked back to my car. When I opened the tamale, what did I find inside? My $20 bill! I ran to the van and the guy rolled down his window. He saw the $20 in my hand, started shaking his head smiling, and with what looked like great concentration said in English: “Today you, tomorrow me.” Then he rolled up his window and drove away, with his daughter waving to me from the back.

This family, working on a seasonal basis where time is money, took a couple of hours to help a stranger while others passed by quietly.

Since then I’ve helped many people like the Mexican family. I didn’t accept money. But every time I was able to help, I felt as if I was putting something in the bank.

1.From the passage we know that __________.

A.the Mexican man couldn’t speak English

B.the author’s car broke down on the road

C.the Mexican family came to Oregon for a visit

D.$20 was a small amount for the Mexican family

2.Why did the author give the money quietly to the man’s wife?

A.Because the man had refused to accept it.

B.Because the man’s wife needn’t wash her hands.

C.Because the author thought the Mexican family was poor.

D.Because the author thought the man’s wife would take it.

3.The Mexican man helped the author because he tended to think that ___________.

A.it was completely wrong for others to pass by quietly

B.it was quite easy to help the author mend the jeep

C.it was possible that everyone might get into trouble

D.the author was a polite stranger and deserved the help

4.Which of the following is TRUE about the author?

A.He hated those who didn’t offer help.

B.He would send a present to the family soon.

C.He wondered why they didn’t take the money.

D.He considered helping others as saving money in the bank.

5.What can we infer from the passage?

A.The Mexican family lived a richer life than the author.

B.The Mexican family did seasonal work in Oregon each year.

C.The author was inspired to help others by the Mexican family.

D.What made the writer moved was the tamale given by the girl.

 

Directions: The following people are expressing their thoughts (1--4) to show their concern for food, environment and so on. After that are pieces of related information (A--E). Now decide which piece of information would be most suitable for the thought and idea mentioned in questions1---4 and mark your answer letter (A---E) on your answer sheet. There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.

______1. How I was struck by the clear water and fresh air in my childhood! But everything has changed, that is, the clear water and fresh air are nowhere to be found again as they were. Above all, a great deal of waste hardly rots away.

_____2.More and more people are beginning to have a good knowledge of the importance of a safer and cleaner environment, which in turn forces the business to be cleaned up.

____3. I’m very much fond of growing some vegetables of my own in my small garden, for many vegetables on sale in markets are actually becoming more and more dangerous as a result of widespread pesticides.

____4. Nowadays it is very convenient for consumers to find and buy green food in supermarkets as they are clearly marked.

A.“Organic produce is always better,” Gold said. “The food is free of pesticides, and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty.” Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.

B.The concern for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink how they do business. No longer will the public accept the old attitude of “Buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it.” The public pressure is on, and gradually business is cleaning up its act.[

C.Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment-friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.

D.Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (制造) of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

E. Market research shows that Gold and others who buy organic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferences - but their knowledge of organic food is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic products. And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported to meet growing demand. “The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is a very fast-growing market,” said Sue Flock, a specialist in this line of business.

 

My dad was never the kind to offer many words of love or encouragement. But we knew he loved us... he just had his own way of showing it.

    When I was a teen, we were seasonal campers at a family campground almost an hour outside the city where we lived. Each family had their own campsite with water and electric, and you basically parked your camper there from May through October. Most "Seasonals" visited them every weekend during those months, with the occasional weeklong stay. There were plenty of other kids who camped seasonally each weekend, and they came to be some of my closest friends. Of course, many of them were boys.

    We kids paired up with our little boyfriends or girlfriends, and we'd hold hands as we'd walk around the campground. We'd play ping-pong, have some snacks, and play songs. Most weekends were pretty similar, but the couples would change. You'd see so-and-so with a different so-and-so than they were with the weekend before. You know how it is when you're a teen — a three-week relationship is a really long time.

    So, needless to say, my teen years were spent with quite a few different boys. But every single one of them had something in common... they'd all received The Evil Eye.

    The Evil Eye was a magical sort of thing. One simple look from my dad, and the boy immediately knew not to mess with me. It was as if he could send his warnings through invisible laser(激光)beams that shot directly from his eyes to the boys' brains.

    "You will not put your hands on my daughter... You will not kiss my daughter... You will not even whisper sweet nothings into my daughter's ear."

    I remember one night in particular, walking with a boy around the campground after dark. We came from one direction, and my dad from the other. The boy and my dad locked eyes for a brief second, then the boy dropped my hand like a hot potato and turned away, giving me a quick, "See ya later."

    Yes, the Evil Eye. Best way ever to keep wandering teen boy hands away from your daughters.  

1.The Evil Eye in the passage implies that _____.

A. Dad gets angry easily                    B. Dad’s eyes are like evil’s

C. Dad’s eyes are ugly-looking              D. Dad’s eyes are protective to his daughter

2. The underlined words “mess with” in paragraph 5 most probably means _____.

A. make untidy          B. cause trouble            C. get married to       D. talk to

3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. As teenagers, we went camping every weekend.

B. We made lots of friends during the seasonal camping.

C. We had regular boyfriends or girlfriends and enjoyed ourselves.

D. The boy dropped my hand and turned away because he loved The Evil Eye.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author _____.

A. is a teenage girl who loves her father

B. is a teenage boy who hates his father

C. is now an adult who has come to understand her father’s love

D. used to be a naughty boy who changed girlfriends now and then

 

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