题目内容
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and rela?tionships. For example,in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman's smile at a police of?ficer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example,many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Ameri?cans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities) . Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places;some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough. In south-east Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感) ，but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather,there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For exam?ple,in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends,Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cul?tural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits,we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.
1. What does the smile usually mean in the US?
A. Love.
B. Politeness.
C. Joy.
D. Thankfulness.
2. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can
A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings
C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits
3. What should we do before attempting to "read" people?
A. Learn about their relations with others.
B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C. Find out about their past experience.
D. Figure out what they will do next.
4. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Cultural differences B. Smiles and relationships
C. Facial expressiveness D. Habits and emotions
[文章大意]面部表情可以反映内心情感，但在不同的背景和文化中，相同的表情却表达着不同的情感。这是人们在跨文化交际中应注意的地方。
1. C细节理解题。根据第一段中的"For example,in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expres?sion of pleasure."可知选C项。
2. B推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句话可知，在一些东南亚国家中，微笑更多地被用来掩饰人们痛苦的感情，列举越南的例子就是为了证明这一点。故选B项。
3. B推理判断题。通读全文可知，尽管人的面部表情能够反映其内心情感，但在不同的文化背景下，相同的面部表情有时却传达着不同的信息。所以要想读懂对方的表情就要先了解对方的文化背景，而不能用自己的文化背景去判断对方的表情。故选B项。
4. C主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，介绍人的面部表情可以反映人的内心情感。文章以微笑为例介绍了相同的面部表情在不同的文化背景下可能会传递不同的信息。故选C项。
