题目内容

All over the world people enjoy sports. Sports help to keep people healthy, happy and help them to live longer．
Sports change with the season． People play different games in winter and summer．
Games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities． The Arabs use horses or camels in much of their everyday life; they use them in their sports, too．
Some sports are so interesting that people everywhere go in for them． Football, for example, has spread around the world． Swimming is popular in all countries near the sea or in those with many rivers．
Some sports or games go back to thousands of years, like running or jumping． Chinese boxing, for example, has a very long history． But basketball and volleyball are rather new． Neither one is a hundred years old yet． People are inventing new sports or games all the time．
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game they often become good friends． Sports help to train a person’s character(性格)． One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace(体面)
小题1:According to this passage we know that _____．
A．people began to play about one hundred years ago
B．about 100 years ago people ran or jumped when they played
C．basketball has a longer history than volleyball
D．not all the games have a long history
小题2:The writer didn’t tell us in this passage that _____．
A．basketball was invented in America
B．sports change with the season
C．games and sports often grow out of people’s work and everyday activities
D．football is played all over the world
小题3:People all over the world enjoy sports because _____．
A．sports are interesting
B．sports help to keep people healthy , happy and to live longer
C．sports help to train one’s character
D．all of the above
小题4:From this passage we can see that_____．
A．sports and games are unimportant things that people do
B．sports and games should be treated(对待)only as amusement(娱乐活动)
C．sports and games are only useful to the old
D．sports and games can help people understand each other.

小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:D

试题分析：文章介绍了运动的相关知识，不同运动的起源，还有运动给人们带来的好处。
小题1:细节题：根据第五段的句子：But basketball and volleyball are rather new．可知不是所有的运动都是历史悠久的。选D
小题2:排除题：文章的二、三、四段分别提到BCD项，文章没有涉及A项内容。选A。
小题3:细节题：第一段提到B项内容，第四段提到A项内容，最后一段提到C项内容，可知D正确。
小题4:细节题：文章最后一段的句子：People from different countries may not be able to understand each other,可知D正确。
点评：文章内容简单，题目也以细节题为主，带着题目到文章找到信息句，答案就能找出，主旨非常明显，有的题目可以用排除的方法做。
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Your body works 24 hours a day. It’s always building and repairing, feeding and cleansing itself. Its goal is to be ready for your every movement, breath, and thought. The quality of your life depends on how well your body works. And how well your body works depends on how much energy it gets. Energy comes from the food you eat. Food contains nutrients that your body needs for growth and energy.
By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the six important nutrients it needs. Minerals（矿物质） are nutrients that build bones and teeth. Minerals also form red blood cells and other substances. Water aids digestion and waste removal. Carbohydrates（碳水化合物） give your body its main source of energy. Two carbohydrates are sugars from foods such as fruits and vegetables and starches found in rice, potatoes, and bread. Fats help build cell membranes（膜）. Proteins repair and grow body tissues（组织）. Finally, vitamins help your body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
The United States Department of Agriculture（USDA） has created a nutritional food pyramid（金字塔）. It shows the daily number of servings you should eat from five food groups. The food pyramid has four levels. The base of the pyramid is the largest level. It contains the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group from which you need six to eleven servings. The next level has two food groups: vegetables and fruits. The USDA recommends three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruit. The third level also has two groups: the milk, yogurt, and cheese group and the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. You need two to three servings from each of these groups. The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. It contains fats, oils, and sweets. These foods have few nutrients, so eat them sparingly（有节制地）.
小题1:What is the main idea for this passage_________?
A．Eating a balanced diet gives your body the energy it needs.
B．The top of the pyramid is the smallest level.　　　　
C．Meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts are on the third level.
D．We should have a nutrition food pyramid.
小题2:The first paragraph suggests that __________?
A． food is something that cleanses your body.
B．food can improve the quality of your life.
C．food should be eaten at night as well as during the day.
D．food will make it easier for you to exercise.
小题3:By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the      important nutrients it needs.
A．fourB．fiveC．sixD．seven
小题4:A balanced diet________.
A．is made up of foods from five food groups.
B．includes many foods containing fat.
C．includes six to eleven servings of fruit.
D．can be got by taking vitamins.
小题5:To help the reader understand the six nutrients needed by the body, the author________.
A．describes the five basic food groups.
B．explains what a balanced diet is.
C．writes the details of each nutrient.
D．tells the number of daily servings needed from each food group.
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning(中毒). Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Food when poisoned can make people sick.B．Food poisoning means death.
C．Food poisoning comes in varieties.D．Food poisoning can be serious.
小题2:We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning        .
A．are always accompanied by a feverB．are too common to be noted
C．can be noticed within hoursD．can he ignored
小题3:Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT       .
A．some chemicalsB．low temperatures
C．some tiny living thingsD．certain natural materials
小题4:From Paragraph 5,we can learn that        .
A．mushrooms should not be eaten
B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood
C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals
D．different types of food should be handled differently
小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that       .
A．natural materials are safe in food processing
B．chemicals are needed in food processing
C．food poisoning can be kept under control
D．food poisoning is out of control
There is an English saying: “Laughter is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into (调查) laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people’s health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial (有益的).
Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated (忍受) the pain for the longest time was the groups which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which reduce both stress (紧张；压力) and pain.
As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics (诊所), in which they help to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
小题1:The underlined phrase “took the saying seriously” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.
A．treat the saying as importantB．treat the saying as interesting
C．treat the saying as dangerousD．treat the saying as funny
小题2:The main idea of the passage is _______.
A．laughter and physical exercises have similar effects on the human body
B．smile can produce the same effects as laughter
C．pain can be reduced by laughter
D．laughter is the best medicine
小题3:Doctors hold laughter clinics _______.
A．to give better condition to their patients
B．in order to improve patients’ health
C．to make patients smile
D．to prove smile and laughter have the same effect
Lots of people are unhappy with their present weight, but most aren't sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines and on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic (现实的) for you. Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you. The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian（营养学家）. If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss, then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started.
_______________________. Ask your mom or dad to lend help and support and to make lifestyle changes that will benefit the whole family, if possible. Those who have the support of their families tend to have better results with their weight-management programs.
Watch your drinks. It’s amazing how many extra calories can be in the sodas, juices and other drinks that you take in every day. Simply cutting out a can of soda or one sports drink can save you 150 calories or more each day. Slake yourself with water or other sugar-free drinks when you’re thirsty and stay away from sugary juices and sodas.
Stop eating when you’re full. Lots of people eat when they’re full. Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you are full.
Avoid diet pills. They can be dangerous to your health; besides, there’s no evidence that they help keep weight off over the long term.
Get moving. You don’t have to play a team sport or go to the gym. Try different kinds of activities from hiking to cycling, or to dancing until you find what you like.
小题1:According to the passage, before you decide to lose or gain weight you must know _________.
A．how you will do it
B．how long it should last
C．whether you have a healthy weight
D．what your realistic goal is
小题2:Which of the following would be the best to be put in the blank in the second paragraph?
A．Find a partner.
B．Make weight loss a family behavior.
C．Don’t give up easily.
D．Small changes make a difference.
小题3:The underlined part ‘Slake yourself’ in the third paragraph means “__________”
A．Stop yourself feeling thirsty.
B．Make yourself feel less tired.
C．Make yourself feel comfortable.
D．Stop yourself feeling less hungry.
小题4:We can learn from the passage that __________.
A. exercising is harmful to one’s health
B. diet pills may not help one lose weight in the long term
C. having eating trouble is the No.1 cause of being overweight
D. all models or actors in magazines and on TV have weight problems
Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病） of sleepiness in the nation．“I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr．David．Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest．
The beginning of our sleep-deficit（lack）crises can be traced back to the invention of the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night．“The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark．” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock．“People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr．David．“They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally energetic. ”
Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researches say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programs．“In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5．5 hours’ sleep．If you’ve got to get 8．5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition．”
To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier．“We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr．David．“Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate．”
小题1:What is the main topic of the passage?
A．The history of people’s sleeping patterns．
B．The epidemic of sleepiness in the modern times．
C．Research on the causes and consequences of sleep-deficit．
D．The minimum of our sleeping hours．
小题2:Which of the following is Dr．David’s opinion?
A．People’s metal power suffers if they are lacking in sleep．
B．Some people can remain energetic with only 6．5 hours’ sleep a night．
C．If they get 8．5 hours’ sleep, people will be full of drive and ambition．
D．People who think they are sleeping enough are better off than those who don't．
小题3:People in the 18th and 19th centuries slept about 9．5 hours a night because _______．
A．they had no electricity
B．they knew what was best for their health
C．they were forced by their parents to do so
D．they were not so dynamic and ambitious as modern people are
小题4:The major cause of sleep-deficit of modern people is _______．
A．the endless TV programs in the evenings and the internet
B．the heavy work load of the day
C．the sufficient energy modern people usually have
D．loud noises in the modern cities
小题5:What does the word “subjects” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Person or thing that is being discussed or described．
B．Branch of knowledge studied in a school．
C．Person or thing being treated in a certain way or being experimented on．
D．Any member of a State apart from the supreme ruler．
If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory（记忆力） is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame(受责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering.
小题1:The main reason for one’s poor memory is that _______.
A．his father or mother may have a poor memory
B．he does not use his arm or legs for some time
C．his memory is not often used
D．he can’t read or write
小题2:If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _______.
A．you can’t use them any more
B．they will become stronger
C．they become weak and won’t become strong until you use them again.
D．they will become neither stronger nor weaker
小题3:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.
B．Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you don’t give it enough chance for practice.
C．Don’t learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.
D．A good memory comes from more practice.
小题4:Some people can’t read or write, but they usually have better memories, because _______.
A．they have save much trouble
B．they have saved much time to remember things
C．they have to use their memories all the time
D．they can’t write everything in a little notebook
小题5:Which is the best title for this passage?
A．Don’t Stop Using Your Arms or LegsB．How to Have a Good Memory
C．Strong Arms and Good MemoriesD．Learn From the People
Your body, which has close relation with the food you eat, is the most important thing you own. So it needs proper treatment and proper nourishment(营养).
The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is not silly as some people think. The body needs fruit and vegetables because they contain vitamin C Many people take extra vitamins in the form of pills(药丸), believing that these will make them healthy. But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins you need. The body doesn’t need or use extra vitamins. So why waste money on them?
In the modern western world many people are too busy to care about eating properly. They throw anything into their stomachs, eating hurriedly and carelessly. The list of illness caused or made worse by bad eating habits is frightening.
小题1:The old saying in the passage tells us that_______.
A．the apple is the best among all kinds of fruits.
B．apple can take the place of doctors.
C．eating apples regularly (有规律的) does lots of good to our health.
D．an apple is a sure cure for illness.
小题2:In the second paragraph the writer tries to let us know______.
A．our bodies need food or we can’t live.
B．often eating apples is a good habit.
C．taking extra vitamin pills is completely useless.
D．a good diet is very important to our health.
小题3:From the passage we can draw a conclusion that if we want to keep healthy, we should______.
A．only eat an apple a day.
B．eat properly.
C．take as many vitamins pills as possible.
D．throw food into our stomachs slowly and carefully.
The World Health Organization says obesity rates are rising in Pacific island countries. So, too, are health problems linked to being overweight.
The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed foods.
Dr.Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization’s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji.He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
Temu Waqanivalu said: “In some of the places, you’d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of off­environment we’ve created that doesn’t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population.”
And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island countries. The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory（领地）of American Samoa. Fiji had the lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about 40 percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
Diabetes（糖尿病）rates are among the highest in the world. Forty-seven percent of the people in American Samoa have diabetes. So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own problems with rising obesity.
Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on limited health resources and budgets.
小题1:The main reason why obesity rates are rising in many Pacific islanders is ________.
A．the change of society
B．the change of eating habits
C．the change of life style
D．lack of exercise
小题2:Imported products lack nutritional value but people love to buy them because they are ________.
A．cheapB．popularC．tastyD．convenient to get
小题3:How many people living in Pacific island countries have health disorders?
A．1 million.B．4 million.C．6 million.D．10 million.
小题4:The percentage of diabetes rates in American Samoa is ________.
A．optimisticB．steadyC．worryingD．low

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