题目内容

【题目】根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley. “The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.” 【1】

1 ) 2

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses, and better cars. 3 This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.

2)Brilliant advances

One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to pay for. 4 Today it's half second.

3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

5 A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fossil-fuel (化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well-meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change. If climate change proves to be mild, but cutting carbon causes real pain, we may well find that we have stopped a nose-bleed by putting a tourniquet (止血带) around our necks.

A. Ridley calls himself a rational optimist—rational, because he's carefully weighed the evidence.

B. Overreaction to climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.

C. Shopping fuels invention.

D. And, of course, we earn more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us.

E. In 1950 it was eight seconds.

F. It’s high time that we took immediate action to fight climate change.

G. Here's how he explains his views.

【答案】

【1】G

【2】C

【3】D

【4】E

【5】B

【解析】

试题分析:人类的进步是无法阻挡的,是令人乐观的。在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中,作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象,并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。

【1】G根据上句:世界从来就不是一个更好居住的地方,它将持续不断地使人类和大自然变得更好。可知下文在解释这个观点,故选G。

【2】C此题是小标题。根据本段第一句:据报道仅在伦敦就有100多亿产品在销售。再根据本段最后一句可知,购物刺激发明创造,刺激消费,促进生产,这种情况越多,我们将会越富有。根据句意和句子结构,可知C项最符合题意。

【3】D根据上句:我们这一代有更多的营养食品,更方便的交通,更大的房子和更好的汽车。再根据下句:只要用这些钱制造其他的东西,这将会持续。可知此空要表达的是:我们比以前的人挣了更多的英镑和美元。故选D。

【4】E根据下句:今天它是半秒。可知E项In 1950 it was eight seconds.符合题意。

【5】B根据空格后的例子:一个孩子死于户内的烟,和文章最后一句可知,如果气候变化证明是轻微的,然而降低二氧化碳会引起麻烦,那么很可能会发现我们用止血带缠绕脖子以此止住鼻血。此处暗指对气候变化的过度反应存在危险。故选B。

【学法指导】

七选五中的小标题的特点是:1.短小精悍,概括性强;2.通常都是祈使句。37小题C此题是小标题。根据本段第一句:据报道仅在伦敦就有100多亿产品在销售。再根据本段最后一句可知,购物刺激发明创造,刺激消费,促进生产,这种情况越多,我们将会越富有。根据句意和句子结构,可知C项最符合题意。

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【题目】How to Become an Effective Leader

The key to becoming an effective leader is not to focus on making other people follow, but on making yourself the kind of person they want to follow. 【1】_______ It takes time to become a trustworthy leader.

As you prepare yourself to become a better leader, use the following guidelines to help you grow:

Don’t be self-centered.

The truly great leaders are not in leadership for personal gain. 2________ Perhaps that is why Lawrence Bell remarked, “A man who cannot bother to do little things for others are unlikely to become a good leader.”

3________

Rare is the effective leader who didn’t learn to become a good follower first. That is why a leadership institution such as the United States Military Academy teaches its officers to become effective followers first.

Work with excellence.

No one respects and follows mediocrity(平庸). Leaders who earn the right to lead give their all to what they do. They bring into play not only their skills and talents, but also great passion and hard work. 4_______

Give your power away.

What makes leadership so special is that you become a better leader by sharing whatever power you have, not by saving it all for yourself. 5________ If you use your power to empower others, your leadership will extend far beyond your grasp.

A. Become a good follower first.

B. You are meant to be a river, not a pool.

C. They lead in order to serve other people.

D. Leaders help people to reach their potential.

E. Leadership isn’t learned or earned in a moment.

F. Leadership is influence, nothing more, nothing less.

G. They perform on the highest level of which they are capable.

【题目】Want to find a job? Now read the following advertisements.
FAIRMONT HOTEL
Five waiters and Ten Waitresses
---Aged under 22
---At least high school graduate
---Good looking; men at least 1.72 meters tall and women 1.65
---Those knowing foreign languages preferred
---Paid 1600---2200 dollars per month
One Secretary
---Aged under 30
---Female preferred
---Good at writing and skilled at computer
If interested, call 465-4768 or write to: Mr. Jack Hundris Room 0825, Fairmont Hotel
567 Wood Street, San Markers, 78003
Fax: 6954828
WILSON BOOKSTORE
Accountant(会计)
---Aged between 25 and 40
---With an experience of at least two years
---With a degree and an accountant certificate(证书)
---Paid 3000-4000 dollars monthly
---With a knowledge of computer
Salesclerk
---Basic education of 12 years or more
---Good at computer
---Paid 1800-2200 dollars monthly
Tel: 447-4398 Fax: 3485269

1If you don’t know how to use a computer, you can just apply for the position as _________ .

A. a secretary

B. a waiter or a waitress

C. an accountant

D. a salesclerk

2If you want to get the position of accountant in Wilson Bookstore, you have to satisfy the following conditions EXCEPT_________ .

A. being a woman

B. knowing well how to use a computer

C. having been an accountant

D. having an accountant certificate

3If you want to try for a job in Fairmont Hotel, you_________ .

A. have to be a woman and know foreign languages

B. should be a university graduate

C. have to be taller than 1.72 meters

D. should be younger than 30 years old

【题目】Homestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.

What to Expect

The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.

Accommodation Zones

Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential(居住的). Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by Underground.

Meal Plans Available

Continental Breakfast

Breakfast and Dinner

Breakfast, Packed Lunch and Dinner

It's important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee.

Friends

If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host's permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.

Self-Catering (自助的)Accommodation in PrivateHomes

Accommodation on a room only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much.

【1The passage is probably written for________.

A. hosts willing to receive foreign students

B. foreigners hoping to build British culture

C. travelers planning to visit families in London

D. English learners applying to live in English homes

【2Which of the following will the host provide?

A. Room cleaning. B. Medical care.

C. Free transport. D. Physical training.

【3】What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A. Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.

B. Accommodation in the city center is not provided.

C. Hosts dislike travelling to the city center.

D. The business center of London is in Zone 1.

【4】Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?

A. To enrich their knowledge of English.

B. To enjoy much more freedom.

C. To entertain friends as they like.

D. To experience a warmer family atmosphere.

【题目】46-50题根据文章内容判断下列表述。如果表述与文章内容一致,选A项;表述与文章内容不一致,选B项;文章中未提及表述的信息,则选C项。

51-54题判断下列词汇在文章中的含义,并从表格中选择恰当的释义。(提示:8个选项中有4项是多余的)

55题选择最佳答案。

George Washington Carver, who was born a slave in 1861, became one of America’s greatest scientists in the field of agriculture. His discoveries changed farming in the South of the United States. A quiet and kind man, he could have become rich from his discoveries but he preferred “to be of the greatest good to the greatest number of my people.”

George’s mother was a slave, but soon after he was born, he and his brother lost their mother and became orphans. They were raised by Moses and Susan Carver, who were their owners. Slaves took the names of their owners, so George Washington’s last name was Carver, too. In 1865, there were no longer slaves in the United States, but George and his brother continued to live with the Carvers. The Carvers gave him as much of an education as they could. At age 12, George left the Carvers to start life on his own.

For the next 12 years, he worked whenever he could and went to school whenever he could. He managed to finish high school and won a scholarship to go to Highland University. However, when he appeared at the university, they refused to admit him because he was black. This did not stop Carver. He continued to work and save money. Eventually, he went to Simpson College in 1890 to study painting and paid for his school by ironing clothes for other students. Soon, he realized he could not support himself as an artist and decided to study agriculture instead.

In 1891, he was accepted at Iowa Agricultural College. He was the only black student at the college, and as usual he supported himself by doing small jobs. He amazed everyone with his special work with plants. After he graduated, the college asked him to stay on as an instructor because his work with plants and chemistry was so outstanding. So Carver stayed on and taught, but he continued his research with plants while he was teaching.

One day he received a letter from Booker T. Washington, who was the most respected black educator in the country. Washington asked him to work at the Tuskegee Institute, a black agricultural school in Alabama. Tuskegee was a poor black school that could not give Carver a laboratory or a high salary, but Carver decided to go there.

In 1896, Carver started to teach and do research with plants at the Tuskegee Institute. He taught classes on agriculture, and through his experiments he found new ways to help the poor, struggling farmers of the South. Here, farmers had been growing cotton, which wore out the soil. He showed farmers how to plant different crops like peanuts to make the soil richer. After a while, farmers did what he said and were growing more and more peanuts. They were now making more money from peanuts than from cotton.

Carver developed many uses for the peanut. In fact, he found more than 300 uses for the peanut, and he became known as the “peanut man.” He received many prizes and awards for his work. He gave lectures about the uses of peanuts all over the United States and even spoke to Congress about peanuts in 1921. Meanwhile, Carver began to experiment with the sweet potato and discovered more than 100 products that could be made from it, including glue for postage stamps.

By the 1930s, Carver had become famous all over the country and the world. He visited the Prince of Sweden and the British Prince of Wales. Thomas Edison asked Carver to work for him at a salary of more than $100,000 a year. The car manufacturer Henry Ford also made him a generous offer. But Carver was not interested in money; he stayed on at the Tuskegee Institute with a monthly salary of $125.

In 1940, he gave all his life savings of $33,000 to the George Washington Carver Foundation to provide opportunities for African Americans to study in his field, because for Carver, “Education is the key to unlocking the golden door of freedom….” Carver died in 1943.

1Carver was the only black student at Iowa Agricultural College.

2Carver discovered more than 300 products from the sweet potato.

3Besides peanuts and sweet potatoes, Carver also did experiments on other plants.

4Carver gave his life savings to the George Washington Carver Foundation after he died.

5Not until he was 12 did Carver leave his former owners.

6field

7admit

8support

9struggling

A. earn money for a living

B. fighting

C. area of land

D. agree with and help somebody

E. trying to survive

F. agree unwillingly that something is true

G. allow to enter

H. area of interest or study

10According to the passage, which of the following could best describe the character of George Washington Carver?

A. Optimistic but stubborn.

B. Quiet but difficult.

C. Humorous and kind.

D. Creative and generous.

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