题目内容

5．Walking outdoors is of greatbenefit（益处）to our health．

分析 户外散步对我们的健康大有益处．

解答 答案：benefit益处，抽象名词；
句中有形容词修饰，表示利益，好处，是不可数名词，不能用复数；表示津贴时，是可数名词，要注意区分．

点评 翻译题是考查英语的运用能力．解题时，先要标出关键短语，选用最好的表达短语或词汇；然后要注意句子结构，根据提示或句子内容选用复合句或简单句来表示；最后，要注意句子的时态．平时，要多做翻译练习，注意体会英汉的差异，这样才能写出好的译文．

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11．People who get a good workout almost daily can add nearly four years to their life spans，according to the first study to quantify the impact of physical activity this way．
The researchers looked at records of more than 5，000middle-aged and elderly Americans and found that those who had moderate to high levels of activity lived 1.3to 3.7years longer than those who got little exercise，with men and women benefiting about equally．
"This shows that physical activity really does make a difference--not only for how long you live but for how long you live a healthy life，"said Oscar H．Franco of the Erasmus M．C．University Medical Center in Rotterdam．"Being more physically active can give you more time．"
Previous studies have found that being physically active has a host of health benefits．It reduces the risk of being overweight and of developing many illnesses，improves overall quality of life，and lowers the mortality rate．But the new study is the first to directly calculate the effect on how long people live．
People who engaged in moderate activity--the equivalent of walking for 30minutes a day for five days a week--lived about 1.3to 1.5years longer than those who were less active．Those who took on more intense exercise--the equivalent of running half an hour a day five days every week--extended their lives by about 3.5to 3.7years，the researchers found．
The findings show that even for people who are already middle-aged，exercising more can add years to their lives，Franco said．
Other experts said the study was consistent with the growing evidence that exercising on a regular basis is one of the most important things people can do for their health．
"At the end of the day，this is more evidence that the sedentary lifestyle is the most devastating to health，longevity and chronic disease development，"said James O．Hill of the University of Colorado at Denver．
Hill and others said exercising regularly also enables people to live healthier lives，free from a host of chronic illnesses that can make it hard for people to enjoy their later years．
In addition，recent studies have also found that exercise has payoffs for the mind，too．It has been shown to improve overall well-being and reduce stress and depression．
"The benefits of physical activity extend well beyond the effects on longevity，"said Joann E．Manson of Harvard's Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston．

67．What would be the best title for this text？A
A．A Daily Workout Add 4Years to Life．
B．How A Daily Workout Is Good to Health．
C．Men Benefit More from A Daily Workout．
D．Middle-aged People Benefit from Workout．
68．In what way is this research different from the previous onesC
A．It finds that men and women benefited about equally．
B．Being physically active has a host of health benefits．
C．It's the first to calculate the effect on how long people live．
D．Being more physically active can give you more time to live．
69．According to the research，we can learn thatB．
A．physical activity can extend the effects on longevity
B．moderate exercise can greatly improve overall health
C．the more physically active，the longer people will live
D．the inactive lifestyle is most devastating to longevity
70．The author tries to convince the readers byB．
A．describing successful cases
B．presenting findings of research
C．offering professional comments
D．explaining a certain phenomenon．
12．Actually（事实上），on second thoughts，I don't think I am for your proposal．
13．---Is there a flight to Paris this evening？
---There ________ be．I'll phone the airport and find it out．（　　）
A．mustB．willC．mightD．can
20．His research can serve as ______ valuable reference for the UN to control the spread of EBOLA，______ deadly virus．（　　）
A．a，theB．a，aC．the，aD．/，the
3．A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species．The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants-the Asian elephant，African forest elephant and African savanna （热带草原） elephant．
Once they obtained DNA sequences （序列） from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants．They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths．
The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years．The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths．This result amazed all the scientists．
There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species．
Previously，many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants'significant size differences．The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres．The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons，roughly double the weight of the forest elephant．But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species．However，the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA．
Alfred Roca，assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois，said，"We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation （保护） purpose．Since 1950all African elephants have been conserved as one species．Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals，the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conservation purpose．"

70．One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that ofD．
A．the Asian elephant                  
B．the forest elephant
C．the savanna elephant                
D．the mastodon elephant
71．The researcher's conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant'sA．
A．DNA           B．height          C．weight        D．population
72．Alfred Roca's words were mainly aboutB．
A．the purpose of studying African elephants
B．the conservation of African elephants
C．the way to divide African elephants into two units
D．the reason for the distinction of African elephants
73．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？C
A．Naturalist's Belief about Elephants．
B．Amazing Experiment about Elephants．
C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants．
D．A Long scientific Debate about Elephants．
10．Australian cities can keep their native wildlife-but only if they can kick their habit of urban sprawl （无计划的扩展）．That's the finding of a new study by leading Australian environmental researchers Jessica Sushinsky，Professor Hugh Possingham and Dr Richard Fuller of The University of Queensland．
"While urban development usually reduces the number of birds in a city，building more compact （紧凑的） cities and avoiding urban sprawl can slow these reductions greatly，"says lead author Jessica Sushinsky．"Compact housing development leaves birds'homes untouched，leading to fewer losses of birds．"
The researchers surveyed native and wild birds in Brisbane's urban areas，including living and industrial areas，public parks and gardens，major roadways and airports．They then used statistical modeling to find out what will happen to the birds as the city grows．The first setting was compact growth-where multiple homes are built on land that previously had only one house．The second setting was sprawling growth-a familiar pattern where homes are built here and there beyond the city's current boundaries．
The team's forecasts showed that a much greater diversity of species was lost over 20 years in the sprawling setting compared to the more compact setting．"Urban sprawl resulted in the disappearance of many urban-sensitive birds-birds that only live in areas where there is native vegetation （植被），such as parklands and woodlands，"Ms Sushinsky says．
"On the other hand，we found the city with the compact development attracted more birds because it kept more of its parks and green areas．"
Now the Queensland Government has adopted the more compact urban growth strategy，which，Dr Richard Fuller says，is good news for Australia's native birds．These birds are environmental specialists-they need a particular environment to do well．"While compact development means smaller backyards，it can also make our entire cities more biodiverse，"according to Dr Fuller．"The study shows that we should hold on to our green spaces instead of clearing them for sprawling development．"
This is the first time science has modeled the effects of different urban growth strategies on birds，the researchers say．"Statistical models like these are important because they help us to understand the ecological consequences of a particular decision，"says Dr Fuller．
71．The study deals with the relationship betweenA．
A．city development and birds                        B．the environment and birds
C．humans and wildlife                               D．climate and wildlife
72．Why is compact urban growth better than the sprawling strategy？D
A．It makes the cities more beautiful．
B．It gives people larger backyards．
C．It is money-saving．
D．It is bird-friendly．
73．Dr Richard Fuller thinks the Queensland Government's actionB
A．is really brave                                 
B．is worth praising
C．has an uncertain future                        
D．should be performed nationwide
74．What can we learn about the study from the passage？D
A．It is based on the statistics in the past．
B．It is strongly against urban development．
C．It criticizes the city environment in Brisbane．
D．It suggests leaving more green spaces for birds．
75．Where does the passage probably come from？A
A．A news report
B．A travel guide
C．A health magazine
D．A history book．
7．In the past decade the popularity of rock climbing has greatly increased，and so has the number of injuries．It has been estimated that rock climbing is now enjoyed by more than 9million people in the US each year．Study findings revealed a 65percent increase in the number of patients that were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbingrelated injuries between 1991and 2008．
The study，published in the online issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine，found that about 40，000patients were treated in US emergency departments for rock climbingrelated injuries between 1991and 2008．The most common types of rock climbingrelated injuries were fractures （骨折） and sprains （扭伤）．The ankle was the most common body part to be injured （40percent）．Climbers in the study ranged in age from 2to 74，with an average age of 26．The study also found that women took up a quarter of the injuries．
Falls were the primary reason for injury with over threequarters of the injuries occurring as the result of a fall．The severity of fallrelated injuries had a lot to do with the height of the fall．Patients who were injured after falling from a height over 20feet were 10times more likely to be treated than patients who were injured falling from 20feet or lower．
"We found that the climbers who fell from heights higher than 20 feet took up 70 percent of the patients treated for a rock climbingrelated injury，"explained the study author Lara McKenzie，PhD，director at the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Hospital．"This trend，combined with the fact that rock climbers have a higher hospitalization rate than other sports and recreational injuries，demonstrates the need to increase injury prevention efforts for climbers．"

26．Which body part is most likely to get injured for a climber？B
A．The arm．  B．The ankle．  C．The knee．  D．The hand．
27．How many women climbers in America got injured while climbing a rock between 1991and 2008？D
A．About 40，000．  B．About 30，000．
C．About 20，000．  D．About 10，000．
28．The severity of climbers'fallrelated injures is mainly related toA．
A．the height of the fall              B．the climber's age
C．the climber's health conditions    D．the climber's climbing experience
29．The underlined word"demonstrates"in the last paragraph can be replaced by"C"．
A．demands               B．prevents
C．proves               D．describes
30．The purpose of the passage is toA．
A．show that rock climbingrelated injuries have increased
B．tell readers rock climbing is an adventurous sport
C．warn readers of the danger of rock climbing
D．call on doctors to increase injury prevention efforts．
5．Many students at his university _______ his name，but they could all identify him by his signature haircut．（　　）
A．should have knownB．would have known
C．must not have knownD．might not have known

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