题目内容

短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧) ,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

    2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起) 不计分。

   I was on my way school,this afternoon when I met with a young American couple. They looked worrying,so I went up to them and asked if only they’d like any help. They said that they wanted to go to the railway station,but they didn’t know the way. Heard this,I offered to lead them here. They were so thankful to me that they said “thank you” again and again but I felt very proud of me. But when I arrived at the school,I found myself later for class. I had to explain that had happened to my teacher. She said I have done a good deed and praised me.

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Cycling lovers from across the country identify the best routes the UK has to offer.

Oisin Sands 

Editor of sportive.com 

Route:

Rostrevor to Carlingford,County Down (30-42 miles) 

   “My favourite bike ride would start in Rostrevor,County Down,where I grew up,”says Oisin Sands.

   The ride takes in some breathtaking views on the way to the pretty harbour town of Carlingford. From Carlingford,head back to Newry. Or save on tired legs by taking the ferry from Omeath on the south side to Warrenpoint in the summer,and cycling the short distance back to the start.

Kirsty Ho Fat 

Cycle journalist

Route:

Hadrian's Cycleway,Ravenglass to South Shields (174 miles) 

   This route follows the length of Hadrian's Wall and takes in coastal views and old-fashioned market towns.

   “The ride weaves through the dramatic countryside of the North,my homeland,before finishing in South Shields,”says Kirsty,who in 2012 completed a 4,000-mile ride around the coast of Britain with her father.

Helen Curry 

National Cycle Network project officer 

Route: 

Union Canal,Linlithgow to the Falkirk Wheel (12 miles) 

   This flat journey along the Scottish branch of the Union Canal is a favourite with Helen Curry.

   “Follow the towpath(拉船路) along the northern bank of the canal and cross the River Avon,” says Helen. “You’ 11 pass the impressive mins of Abnond Castle."

   At over 2,000 feet long,you* 11 be cycling through Scotland's longest canal tunnel.

Kristian House 

2009 National Road Race Champion 

Route: 

Middlewich Loop (55 miles)

   “This is a shorter loop I do when I’ m not training,starting and finishing in Middlewich/' says racing cyclist Kristian House.

   This hilly route isn’t for the (胆怯的) .

   This stretch climbs 670 feet and oflFers some wonderful views,including your first sight of Britain's second-highest pub.

21. Which ride is the longest?

   A. Middlewich Loop.

   B. Hadrian,s Cycleway.

   C. Rostrevor to Carlingford.

   D. Union Canal to the Falkirk Wheel.

22. Who is a professional cyclist?

   A. Oisin Sands. B. Helen Curry.

   C. Kirsty Ho Fat. D. Kristian House.

23. What do the four routes have in common?

   A. They are all hilly.

   B. They all provide wonderful views.

   C. They all go around the coast of Britain.

   D. They are all suitable for beginner cyclists.

   I was wandering around the Albuquerque airport. My flight had been 41 ,and I heard a(n) 42 : “If anyone pear Gate A-4 43 Arabic(阿拉伯语) ，

please come to the gate immediately." Gate A-4 was my own gate. I went there.

   An older woman was 44 ,sitting on the floor. In her 45 Arabic dress,she reminded me of my grandmother.

   “46 to her,” the flight agent urged. “We told her the flight was going to be late,and she did this."

   I spoke to the woman 47 in Arabic while putting my arm around her. She 48 crying. It turned out that she thought the 49 had been canceled. She planned to be in New York for some medical treatment the next day. I comforted her and suggested 50 her family.

   We telephoned her son. In English,I told him that I would 51 with his mother until we got on the plane. Then his son was 52 . Next we called my dad. They spoke for a while in Arabic and 53 that they had ten shared friends. After that,I called some Arabic friends I 54 and let them talk to her.

   She was in a 55 wood (情绪) by then and took some homemade 56  — little cakes stuffed with nuts and topped with sugar 一 from her bag and 57 them to the people near the gate. To my amazement,no one 58 . It was like a party. The traveler from Argentina,the mom from California,the lovely woman from Laredo — we were all smiling,enjoying the same 59 . 

   I looked around and thought,this is the world I want to live in. One with no 60 . Everyone can be happy anywhere.

41. A. booked   B. confirmed   C. delayed   D. canceled

42. A. noise   B. argument   C. dialogue   D. announcement

43. A. likes   B. understands   C. accepts   D. studies

44. A. weeping   B. reading   C. thinking   D. begging

45. A. long   B. strange   C. expensive   D. traditional

46. A. Write   B. Sing   C. Explain   D. Apologize

47. A. quickly   B. softly   C. suddenly   D. loudly

48. A. stopped   B. started   C. kept   D. avoided

49. A. plan   B. performance   C. meeting   D. flight

50. A. calling   B. saving   C. showing   D. punishing

51. A. live   B. work   C. stay   D. play

52. A. in action   B. in relief   C. in charge   D. in trouble

53. A. found out   B. made sure   C.  agreed   D. promised

54. A. missed   B. helped   C. met   D. knew

55. A. changing   B. serious   C. cheerful   D. confident

56. A. chocolates   B. cookies   C. wine   D. bread

57. A. sold   B. lent   C. returned   D. offered

58. A. refused   B. wasted   C. ate   D. saw

59. A. custom   B. language   C. sugar   D. fruit

60. A. war   B. worry   C. illness   D. poverty

                                     Fitting in fitness 

   Do you find excuses not to exercise? . 36 Here are a few ways to get you going.

   Do what you love.

   The easiest way to fall into the habit of doing exercise is to choose an activity you enjoy — one that doesn't feel like exercise,even though it is. 37 If you play to your strengths,you’ 11 find fitness activities you can enjoy for years.

   Choose your hour.

   Studies have shown that people who work out in the morning are most likely to stick with a routine. By doing exercise before the day starts,they can avoid the last-minute scheduling conflicts. But if you* re not a morning person,choose whatever time works best for you. 38 

   Call it by another name.

   39 If it's something you have to do anyway 一 like washing the car or planting some bushes in the yard 一 you’ 11 achieve two goals at once.

   Partner up.

   Exercise is more flin when you do it with others. 40 On days when your motivation is low,you’ re more likely to stick with the programme to avoid disappointing your exercise partners. You can also train with an expert. A personal trainer will help you set goals,design a personalized fitness programme,and vary your routine to keep it challenging.

   A. Ask yourself: what am I good at?

   B. Make fitness part of your social routine.

   C. If you* re in top form from noon to 1 pm,aim for a lunchtime workout.

   D. For example,you can join a running,walking,hiking,biking or tennis club.

   E. If a damp T-shirt is not your idea of a good time,try gentler forms of exercise.

   F. Would you rather do anything else — even sort your socks or clean the fridge?

   G. Substitute some challenging household activity for the standard exercise routine.

   Here's a very clever idea: A book that not only contains information about clean drinking water printed on its pages,but the actual pages themselves can be tom off and used as high-tech filters(过滤器) that will remove 99% of bacteria from the filtered water. The idea came out of Dr. Theresa Dankovjch's chemistry PhD work at McGill University in Montreal,during which she invented a new bactericidal (杀菌的) silver nanoparticle (银纳米颗 粒) paper and a green method of producing it using cheap processes. She and her team are now trying to make the Drinkable Book a reality to contribute to the effort to bring clean water to the 663 million people who don't have access to it.

   Here's the description of the project from the official website: 

   The Drinkable Book TM is both a water filter and a manual for how and why to clean drinking water. This filter works to produce clean drinking water by pouring dirty water through a thick,strong sheet of paper containing silver nanoparticles,which can kill microbes（微生物）. This paper was created and shown to be highly antibacterial. Additionally,these filters meet US EPA guidelines for bacteria removal to produce safe drinking water. The filters can last a couple of weeks,even up to a month,so the entire books could provide the tools to filter clean water for approximately a year.

   I hate to rain a little bit on this parade,but ... While it's a very clever idea,and it looks like a lot of work and effort has been put into designing and testing the Drinkable Book,sometimes the simplest ideas are best. Getting clean water instruction and water filters to people in need separately might still be the best and most cost-effective way to do things. Manuals with instructions printed in the local language would be very cheap to produce,and mass-produced water filters,which can use the same technology as the book,if that's the best,would probably be cheaper if they are not bound into nice-looking books.

25. What is the main function of the book?

   A. It can find water.

   B. It can store water.

   C. It can purify water.

   D. It can produce water.

26. The content in the book is mainly to .

   A. instruct readers   B. entertain readers   C. inspire readers   D. warn readers

27. What does the author think of the book?

   A. It is nearly useless.

   B. It is poorly designed.

   C. It is not very beautiful.

   D. It is not very economical.

28. Where is the text most probably taken froin?

   A. A book review. B. A personal diaiy.

   C. An advertisement. D. A science magazine.

  In my early 30s,I used an expired(过期的) student ID to buy discounted movie tickets. I'd tell myself,I'm buying a ticket I wouldn’ t have otherwise bought. I think many people have done similar things; however,we still think of ourselves as honest citizens. Researchers who study these behaviours believe that character isn 51the real reason. We might break the rules under some conditions and in some mind-sets,but not in others.

   Years ago,Francesca Gino,a professor at Harvard,and Dan Ariely,a behavioural economist at Duke,wondered if people with higher IQs were more likely to cheat. They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty,but creativity was. The more creative you are,the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly.

   Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribes that we may be bom without having a clear sense of right and wrong,but our culture sharpens it. If your tribe downloads pirated(盗版的) music,you’ re likely to go with the flow.

   Harvard researcher Leslie John,along with two colleagues conducted an experiment. They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test. Guess what happened? That group,which considered itself disadvantaged,cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment.

   The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time. Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes. Keep yourself fed and well-rested — we’ re likelier to behave badly when hungry or tired. Reflect on how your actions look through others’ eyes and see yourselves in a positive light. In a Stanford study,when researchers used the verb cheat — please don't cheat — participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced from the act. When the noun was used — don't be a cheater — hardly anyone did.

32. According to Francesca Gino,who are likeliest to break the rules in a company?

   A. Accountants. B. Designers.

   C. Cleaners. D. Typists.

33. Why did volunteers in Leslie John's experiment cheat more than others?

   A. Because they were not as smart as others.

   B. Because they thought others cheated too.

   C. Because they felt a sense of unfairness.

   D. Because they were tired and hungry.

34. The underlined word “antidotes” in the last paragraph can be replaced by.

   A. explanations   B. solutions

   C. studies   D. novels

35. What's the best title for the text?

   A. Why people break the rules

   B. How people break the rules

   C. The influence of breaking the rules

   D. Different ways of breaking the rules

   Scientists sometimes use placebos(安慰剂) to test the effectiveness of medicines. They give one group of people the real medicine and another group a placebo which looks exactly like the medicine but is not. It doesn’ t contain any healing elements(成分) .The people don't know which medicine they,re taking. The medicine has to produce better results than the placebo to prove its effectiveness. However,sometimes the people taking the placebo experience improvements in tAeir health. Scientists call this the “piacebo effect”.

   For years,researchers have studied the placebo effect in terms of physical health. However,the findings of a research team in Sweden have attracted people's attention. First the researchers showed a group of people unpleasant pictures and asked them to rank how they felt after seeing the pictures. They gave the highest number to the pictures that gave them the worst feelings. The researchers then gave the people a calming drug and told them that it would reduce their unpleasant feelings. When the team showed the pictures again,the people said they felt much calmer.

   The following day,the researchers showed the people unpleasant pictures again,but this time they gave them a placebo (it was nothing but salt and water) instead of the calming drug without telling them the truth. After taking the placebo,the people's ratings still changed. Their unpleasant feelings reduced by almost 30%.

   So does that mean doctors could use placebos to treat worry or anxiety? Dylan Evans,who has written books about the placebo effect,said ,“Doctors have a duty to care for their patients. But they also have a duty to tell the truth. Placebos seem to pull these two duties in opposite directions."

   Research on the placebo effect has focused on the relationship of mind and body. Many scientists think that a belief that something is helpful actually makes it become helpful. If a person expects a pill to do something,then possibly the body's own chemistry can cause effects similar to what medication might have caused. Increasingly,people are looking at ways of treating the “whole person” 一 not just the body.

25. According to Paragraph 1 ,placebos.

   A. are a kind of special medicine

   B. perform better than medicines

   C. make no difference to patients' general health

   D. are used to prove the effectiveness of medicines

26. What does the experiment conducted by the Swedish team tell us?

   A. Placebos can improve physical health.

   B. Placebos help change people's character.

   C. Placebos can reduce emotional discomfort.

   D. Placebos make people calmer than drugs do.

27. What's Dylan Evans,attitude towards the use of placebos for treating anxiety?

   A. Negative. B. Approving.

   C. Cautious. D. Uncaring.

28. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

   A. The body's own chemistry can be harmful.

   B. Doctors will focus more on treating the body.

   C. People's expectation influences their recovery.

   D. Mental health is more important than physical health.

10. I don't believe that he is able to a person's future.

   A. predict   B. invent   C. advise   D. cause

7. Papermaking began in China and from here it to North Africa and Europe.

   A. spread   B. grew

   C. carried   D. developed

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