Question

【题目】 There are now six fires burning at emergency levels in Australia.【1】The smoke is so intense and so thick it can be seen from space. 2,000 homes have been destroyed. Six million hectares of land charred, leading to death of the nation’s wildlife.

【2】They are lightning strikes, winds and people who set fire deliberately. But one of the biggest reasons they’ve become so extreme, is the same reason as East Africa’s flood. Bushfires in Australia are a natural part of the country’s ecosystem.【3】Even New South Wales, with the largest population, is used to breaking out. In 1974, fires burned 3.5 million hectares, and in 2003, another 2 million hectares were lost to fire. But the fires that started in 2019 are even worse:4.9 million hectares in New South Wales have burned already—and it’s only going to grow.

【4】For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.【5】Throughout the year, other large-scale climate drivers affect Australia’s weather, and its likeliness to burn. One of the most influential is the Indian Ocean Dipole(偶极子), or the IOD. The IOD is a big temperature gradient that affects the surface water in the Indian Ocean, from the edge of Africa to the edge of Australia.

A.This is just heartbreaking.

B.So why is this fire season so awful?

C.Their “fire season” varies across regions.

D.The fire season is awful because of the unknown reason.

E.The ecosystem of the country needs to be improved.

F.These record-breaking bushfires in Australia have been started by the following.

G.Together, that provides the perfect conditions for bushfires to start and spread quickly.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】F

【3】C

【4】B

【5】G

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。目前澳大利亚有6处火灾处于紧急状态。2000座房屋被毁。600万公顷土地被烧焦，导致该国野生动物死亡。文章分析了造成澳大利亚这些破纪录的森林大火的原因，以及此次火灾尤其严重的原因。

【1】

根据上文There are now six fires burning at emergency levels in Australia.可知目前澳大利亚有6处火灾处于紧急状态。以及后文The smoke is so intense and so thick it can be seen from space. 2,000 homes have been destroyed. Six million hectares of land charred, leading to death of the nation’s wildlife.可知烟雾如此强烈，如此浓厚，从太空都能看到。2000座房屋被毁。600万公顷土地被烧焦，导致该国野生动物死亡。由此可知，本句应当是对这次火灾的评价，这次澳大利亚火灾破坏严重，令人心碎。故A选项“这真是令人心碎”符合上下文语境，故选A。

【2】

根据后文They are lightning strikes, winds and people who set fire deliberately. But one of the biggest reasons they’ve become so extreme, is the same reason as East Africa’s flood.可知它们是雷击、风和故意放火的人。但它们变得如此极端的最大原因之一，是和东非的洪水一样的原因。由此可知，本段在分析造成此次澳大利亚大火的原因。故F选项“澳大利亚这些破纪录的森林大火是由以下原因引起的”符合上下文语境，故选F。

【3】

根据前文Bushfires in Australia are a natural part of the country’s ecosystem.可知澳大利亚的丛林火灾是该国生态系统的一个自然组成部分。以及后文Even New South Wales, with the largest population, is used to breaking out.可知即使是人口最多的新南威尔士州，也习惯于突发火灾。由此可知，本句是在说明澳大利亚的火灾频发季节是因地区而不同的。故C选项“它们的“火灾季节”因地区而异”符合上下文语境，故选C。

【4】

根据后文For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.可知首先，随着气候变化导致全球变暖，澳大利亚也在变暖。2019年是有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在12月达到了45摄氏度。2019年也是澳大利亚最干燥的一年——这里灰色地带经历了历史性的干旱。由此可知，后文是在分析此次澳大利亚火灾这么严重的原因。故B选项“那么为什么这个火灾季节如此可怕呢？”符合上下文语境，故选B。

【5】

结合上文For starters, as the world is getting warmer from climate change, so is Australia. 2019 was its hottest year on record, with parts of the country reaching 45 degrees Celsius in December. 2019 was also its driest—the places here in gray have seen historic droughts.可知首先，随着气候变化导致全球变暖，澳大利亚也在变暖。2019年是有记录以来最热的一年，该国部分地区在12月达到了45摄氏度。2019年也是澳大利亚最干燥的一年——这里灰色地带经历了历史性的干旱。由此可知，本句承接上文进行总结，正是上述的这些条件促使了森林大火的爆发和迅速蔓延。故G选项“这些为森林大火的爆发和迅速蔓延提供了完美的条件”符合上下文语境，故选G。