题目内容

7.A.the future of computer-human relationship
B.the programming system of the computer
C.the reason of the complexity of the human brain
D.the possibility of a real supercomputer
E.the way for computers to kill humans
F.the shortages of the computer compared with a human brain
 
76.C
The difference between a human brain and a computer is more complicated than we can imagine.The large mammalian brain is the most complicated thing,for its size.Though the human brain only weighs three pounds,in that three pounds are ten billion neurons and a hundred billion cells.The many billions of cells are interconnected in such a vastly complicated network that we can't begin to explore as yet.
77.F
Even the most complicated computer man has yet built can't compare with the brain.Computer switches and processes number in the millions rather than in the billions.What's more,the computer switch is just an on-off device,whereas the brain cell is itself possessed of a complex structure.
78.B
It's frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are"programmed"to do so.They can only do what men have them do,in which way it is like the human brain.We can also do what we are"programmed"to do.Our genes"program"us the instant the zygote (授精卵) is formed,and our potentialities are limited by that"program."
79.D
Surely,though,if a computer can be made complex enough,it can be as creative as people.If it could be made as complex as a human brain,it could be the replacement of a human brain and do whatever a human brain can do.Then the real supercomputer comes along.
80.A
In other words,once we pass a certain critical point,the computers will gain a dominating position and present a complexity explosion.In a very short time thereafter,computers may exist not only taking after the human brain,but far passing it.When the time comes,we might as well step aside and hand over all our work to them and really have them serve us.

分析 本文属于科普知识的范畴.讲解了人类大脑的复杂性以及与计算机之间的内在关系,并分析了人类与计算机未来发展的趋势.

解答 76----80    C F B D A
76.C.分析本段内容以及…in that three pounds are ten billion neurons and a hundred billion cells.可知,这一段主要分析了大脑复杂性的成因;故选C.
77.F.分析本段内容尤其是最后一句What's more,the computer switch is just an on-off device,whereas the brain cell is itself possessed of a complex structure.可知,这主要描述了与大脑相比,计算机的不足之处;故选F.
78.B.根据It's frequently said that computers solve problems only because they are"programmed"to do so可知,电脑之所以能做很多工作是因为被设定了特定的程序,所以B项中the programming system of the computer电脑的程序系统与此相吻合;故选B.
79.D.通过本段内容的描述尤其是最后一句Then the real supercomputer comes along.可知,这里主要介绍了未来超级电脑诞生的可能性;故选D.
80.A.通过最后的内容叙述we might as well step aside and hand over all our work to them and really have them serve us.可知,人类与计算机的关系未来有可能会给人类带来更大的好处;故选A.

点评 本文是说明文,题目要求从6个选项中选择恰当的语句填入空格处.这种类型的题目关键是符合逻辑和语境,要强调从上下文中寻找具体的解题依据.

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2.Learning to drive is important to the independence of teenagers,but it is also a great responsibility.Although having a law that keeps 16-year-old drivers from having more than one teenager in the car with them at first seems unfair,there are convincing reasons for this requirement.
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reports that teens are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in an automobile accident.It also reports that 16-and 17-year-old drivers are twice as likely to have an accident if they have two teenage friends in the car and four times as likely to have one if they have three or more teenage friends in the car with them.Fatal ( 致命的) crashes of 16-year-old drivers involve the highest percentage of speeding,driver error,and number of passengers.This information is enough to cause any reasonable person to wonder about the wisdom of allowing new teen drivers to take a carload of friends anywhere,even if the law permits it.
A study at the National Institutes of Health indicates that the part of the human brain that controls judgment and evaluates the consequences of our actions might not be fully formed until the age of 25.Until this study,researchers had placed the age at 18.If this is true,it could explain the reckless (鲁莽的) behavior of many teens,behavior that often extends into their twenties.It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people.
This is not the only study that indicates such caution is necessary.One study at Temple University in Philadelphia examines the results of peer pressure in ris ky driving situations.The study,which uses a driving game,has an individual guide a car through a course,both alone and in the presence of friends.Three different age groups participated in the study:13-16,18-22,and 24 and older.Members of the oldest group showed caution whether driving alone or with friends present,but the two younger groups took more chances when they were with their friend s.Furthermore,because these drivers were accustomed to the noise and distraction of many passengers,they were unable to see their own mistakes.Once again,this is a good indication that a law restricting the number of teenage rs in the car with a young driver is a good idea.

67.What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2?B
    A.Many deaths have occurred because of inexperience and overconfidence.
    B.It's reasonable to severely limit the passenger number of teen drivers.
    C.New teen drivers have to.ask permission before driving with friends.
    D.There are many causes behind the teens'driving accidents.
68.From the two studies,the author probably suggests thatD.
     A.different age groups have different peer pressure
     B.teenagers often give wrong judgments above passengers'noise
     C.underdeveloped brain makes teens ignore their mistakes
     D.driving circumstances are bound up with the risk of accidents
69.We can infer that the law restriction can probablyA.
     A.protect teens on the highway
     B.raise teens'sense of responsibility
     C.reduce the number of fatal crashes
     D.force teens to drive with caution70.With which statement would thuthor most
70.kely disagree?C
     A.Some teenagers have risky behavior while driving.
     B.Certain laws treat teenagers and adults differently.
     C.We still need more studies on teen driving.
     D.Driving is important to a teenager's sense of independence.
18.The US government has started a website,Admongo,to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them.It claims to provide visitors with an"aducation"through games and other entertainment.
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo."Call me Haiz",he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it.Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities.Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things:To identify the advertiser.To know what the advertiser is really saying.And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game.They create their own game character.They can choose different skin colors,hair styles,eye and mouth shapes.Then they begin a trip through ad-land,where there are ads on buses and billboards.The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home,to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found.It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing.The Federal Trade Commission(FTC) says it is a big business.The FTC estimates that food,drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.
The FTC says children are important for three reasons.They buy products.They influence parents and caregivers to buy.And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value.First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.

66.What is the best title of the text?B
A.The guide of Admongo         B.An aducation website for children
C.A popular online video game  D.A website aimed at children
67.Why did the government start the website?C
A.To attract the biggest market of buyers.
B.To sell the products of its company.
C.To help children know about advertising.
D.To advertise the video game for children.
68.What can players do in the website game?A
A.Choose hair styles for their character.
B.Travel to a supermarket.
C.Eat in a fast-food restaurant.
D.Play video games during the trip.
69.Children are important for advertising because they areB.
A.important for the society 
B.the most potential buyers
C.easily influenced by ads
D.easily affected by poor products
70.According to Michelle Obama,lots of food advertised for children areD.
A.healthy    B.of high nutrition     C.yummy          D.of low quality.
15.If you see a group of people dancing and singing on the street or in the railway station,you don't need to feel surprised.They are a flash mob (快闪族),which is a group of people who come together suddenly in a public place,do something unusual for a brief period of time,and then quickly break up.They are usually organized with the help of the Internet or other digital communication network.At a predetermined time,they gather and perform some  distractions(消遣)such as waving their hands and exchanging books.Then,they quickly break up before the police can arrive.Using mobile phones,the flash mob can change its location if the first one has been replaced for any reason.
Bill Lasik,senior editor of Harper's Magazine,organized the first flash mob in Manhattan in May 2003and the first successful flash mob came together on June 3,2003-after the first attempt was   foiled at Macy's department store.Lasik claimed that the activity was designed to make fun of hipsters (起时髦的人),and call attention to the cultural atmosphere.
Flash mob gatherings can sometimes shock people.Such an activity might seem amusing and untrue,but it also might frighten people who are not aware of what is taking place.Undoubtedly,flash mobs can serve as good political tools in any direction.They also have great economic potential,such as using flash mobs to advertise a product.
The flash mob is now becoming more and more popular.People use it to do many things.For example,in 2009,Michael Jackson's fans took part in a flash mob to remember him.Hundreds of his fans gathered singing and dancing Michael's famous song"Beat It"together.Flash mobs give people from all walks of life an opportunity to come together to create a memory.

21.The underlined word"foiled"in Paragraph 2can be replaced by _B.
A.forgotten         B.prevented        C.announced         D.confirmed
22.What can you learn about the flash mob from the passage?D
A.The flash mob usually breaks up quickly for lacking enough time.
B.Once the place for the activity is determined,it can't be changed.
C.The flash mob can be made use of in many fields just for fun.
D.It gives people the chance to come together to do something unusual.
23.The main purpose of the passage isC.
A.to entertain       B.to encourage       C.to inform       D.to persuade
24.The writer's attitude towards the flash mob isB.
A.negative        B.objective         C.favorable        D.doubtful.
2.Most musicians agree that the best violins were made in Cremona,Italy,about 200 years ago.They even sound better than violins made today.Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins.But they aren't the same.Why are these old Italian violins so special?Many people think they have an answer.
Some people think it is the age of the violins.But there is a problem here.Not all old violins sound wonderful.Only those from Cremona are special.So age cannot be the answer.
Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood.The wood of the violin is very important.It must be from certain kinds of trees.It must not be too young or too old.Perhaps the violin makers of Cremona knew something special about wood for violins.
But the kind of wood may not be so important.It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way.Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully.It has to be the right size and shape.The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin.Musicians sometimes think that this is the secret of the Italians.
Size and shape may not be the answer either.Scientists make new violins that are exactly the same size and shape.But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old one.Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish(清漆),which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny.It also helps the sound of the instrument.Since no one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish,no one can make the same varnish today.
There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona.And there are not many of the old violins left.So these old violins are becoming more and more precious.
71.What would be the best title for the passage?A
A.The Secrets of Cremona Violins     B.The History of Italian Violins
C.Special Musical Instruments        D.How to Make the Best Violins
72.The main purpose of the first paragraph is toB.
A.list some facts                    B.raise a question
C.give an opinion                    D.offer an answer
73.What is still unclear about Cremona violins according to the writer?D
A.The shape.    B.The size.    C.The wood.    D.The varnish.
74.Which of the following words can best describe Cremona violins?C
A.Light.        B.Shining.    C.Valuable.    D.Modern.
75.What can we learn from this passage?C
A.Modern things are always better than ancient ones.
B.Ancient things are always better than modern ones.
C.Once a cultural relic is lost,it can never be recovered. 
D.Varnish for violins will become more and more precious.
12.During the first half of the nineteenth century in the United States,Christmas was a very different kind of holiday than it is today.There was no set of way of celebrating the day,which was not yet an official holiday.(71)GSome observed Christmas as an important Christian religious day honoring the birth of Jesus.Others celebrated the day with parties,music,drinking and eating.(72)C
(73)FCalvinist Christians banned the celebration of Christmas.But groups such as Episcopalians and Moravians honored the day with religious services and seasonal decorations.
By mid-century,Christian groups began to ignore their religious diffrences over the meaning of Christmas and honored the day in special ways.
Christmas became an important time for families to celebrate at home.More and more Christians Americans also began to follow the European traditions of Christmas trees and giving gifts.Christians believed that the tree represented Jesus and was also a sign of new beginnings.German immigrants brought their tradion of putting lights,sweets and toys on the branches of evergreen trees placed in their homes.
This tradition of setting up a Christmas tree soon spread to many American homes.(74)A As these traditions increased in popularity,the modern trade and business linked to Christmas also grew.
As Christmas became more popular,some states declared the day a state holiday.Louisiana was the first state to make the move in eighteen thirty-seven.(75)B.It was not until eighteen seventy that President Ulysses Grant made Christmas a federal holiday.

A.So did the practice of giving people presents.
B.By eighteen sixty,fourteen other states had followed.
C.And,some communities did not celebrate the day at all.
D.Americans seldom gave each other presents on Christmas Day.
E.But many new American Christmas songs started to become popular.
F.Religion played a big role in how an American might celebrate the holiday.
G.Communities around the country honored the day in different ways.
19.Students will need to use all of their skills in order to understand the reading selections in Reader's Choice.
(71)D These selections provide practice on employing different reading skills to get the message of the writer.They also give students practice in four basic reading skills:skimming,scanning,reading for thorough comprehension,and critical reading.
Skimming involves reading quickly through a text to get an overall idea of its contents.This kind of rapid reading is suitable when you are trying to decide if careful reading is desirable or (72)G
Like skimming,scanning is also quick reading.However,in this case the search is more  concentrated.(73)E When you read to find a particular date,or number you are scanning.
Reading for thorough comprehension is carefully reading in order to understand the total meaning of the passage.At this level of comprehension the reader is able to summarize the author's ideas (74)C.
Critical reading demands that a reader makes judgments about what he or she reads.This kind of reedit requires posting and answering questions such as"(75)A","Do I share the author's point of view?"and"Am I convinced by the author's arguments and evidence?

A.Does my own experience support that of the author?
B.Reader's Choice is one of the most popular magazines in the world.
C.but has not yet made a critical evaluation of those ideas.
D.The book contains many types of selections on a wide variety of topics.
E To scan is to read quickly in order to find out specific information.
F.Do I know about the author?
G.when there is no time to read something carefully.
17.I walked up to the counter.Behind it was a lady with glasses on the tip of her nose and gray hair on her head.
"Excuse me,"I said.She looked up."You're that Clements kid,"she said."I'm Miss Bee.Come closer and let me get a look at you."She pushed her glasses up her nose."I can describe you to the police if something goes missing from the store."
"I'm not a thief!"I was shocked.I was seven too young to be a thief!
"From what I can see you're not much of anything.But I can tell you've got potential."She went back to reading her newspaper.
"I need to get these."I said,holding up my list."So?Go get them."Miss Bee pointed to a sign on the screen door."I'm not your servant,so I suggest you get yourself a basket and start filling."
I visited Miss Bee several times a week that summer.Sometimes she short-changed me.Other times she overcharged."That can of beans is only twenty nine cents"I corrected her one afternoon.I had watched the numbers change on the cash register closely,and Miss Bee had added 35cents.She didn't seem embarrassed.She just looked at me over her glasses and fixed the price.
But she ever let me declare victory.All summer long she found ways to play tricks on me.No sooner had I learned how to pronounce bicarbonate of soda(小苏打) and memorized its location on the shelf than Miss Bee rearranged the shelve and made me hunt for it all over again.
One day before I left,she said,"I know what you think of me,but I don't care!Each of us is put on this earth for a reason.I believe my job is to teach every child I meet life lessons.When you get older you'll be glad our paths crossed!"Glad I met Miss Bee?Ha!The idea was absurd…
Until one day my daughter asked me to finish her math problems."If I do it for you how will you ever learn to do it yourself?"I said.Suddenly,I remembered the lady Miss Bee.
32.The girl feltB when Miss Bee implied she could be a thief.
A.surprised
B.shocked
C.puzzled
D.annoyed
33.We can infer from Paragraph 6that Miss BeeB.
A.showed no care about her mistakes       
B.made the girl learn to double-check
C.was always playing tricks on the girl      
D.was careless and dishonest to do business
34.It can be learned from the passage that Miss BeeC.
A.knew her job was to help every child she met
B.asked the girl to shop by herself to test her honesty
C.taught the girl many lessons but she didn't understand
D.rearranged the shelves to teach the girl to be changeable
35.Which is NOT the lesson the writer learnt from shopping?A
A Treat others kindly and politely.
B.Don't be so quick to judge others.
C.The best teachers aren't only in school.
D.Try our best though the task seems beyond us.

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