题目内容

12．More surprising，perhaps，than the present difficulties of traditional marriage is the fact that marriage itself is a live and thriving．As Skolnick notes，Americans are a marrying people：relative to Europeans，more of us marry and we marry at a younger age．Moreover，after a drop in the early l915s，the rate of marriage in the United States is now increasing．Even the divorce rate needs to be taken in this pro-marriage context：some 30 percent of divorced individuals remarry．Thus，marriage remains by far the preferred way of life for the vast majority of people in our society．
What has changed more than marriage is the nuclear family．Twenty five years ago，the typical American family was made up of a husband，a wife，and two or three children．Now，there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have    children．Now there are many marriages in which couples have decided not to have any children．And there are many marriages where at least some of the children are from the wife's former marriage，or the husband's，or both．Sometimes these children spend all of their time with one parent from the former marriage；sometimes they are shared between the two former spouses（配偶）．
Thus，one can find every type of family arrangement．There are marriages without children；marriages with children from only the present marriage；marriages with"full time"children from both the present and former marriages；marriages with"full time"children from the present marriage and"part time"，children from former marriages．There are stepfathers，stepmothers，half brothers，and half sisters．It is not all that unusual for a child to have four parents and eight grandparents!These are great changes from the traditional nuclear family．But even so，even in the midst of all this，there remains one constant：Most Americans spend most of their adult lives married．

46．By calling American marrying people the author means thatD
A．American s a re more traditional than Europeans
B．Americans expect more out of marriage than Europeans
C．there are more married couples in U．S．A．than in Europe
D．more of Americans，as compared with Europeans，prefer marriage and they accept it at a younger age
47．Divorced AmericansB
A．prefer the way they live     
B．will most likely remarry
C．have lost faith in marriage   
D．are the vast majority of people in the society
48．Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today's American families？A
A．Many types of family arrangements have become socially acceptable．
B．A typical American family is made up of only a husband and a wife．
C．Americans prefer to have more kids than before．
D．There are no nuclear families any more．
49．"Part time"childrenC
A．spend some of their time with their half brothers and some of their time with their   half sisters
B．spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage
C．are shared between the two former spouses
D．can not stay with"full time"children
50．Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families，A．
A．the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage
B．the functions of marriage remain unchanged
C．most Americans prefer a second marriage
D．most divorced Americans would rather not remarry．

分析 本篇文章主要论述了美国人的婚姻观．尽管美国家庭的组合方式与传统的核心家庭相比发生了很大的变化，但是大多数美国人喜欢过婚姻生活并对此充满信心．

解答 DBACA
46．D  根据第一段第二句，"As Skolnick notes，Americans are a marrying people：relative to Europeans，more of us marry and we marry at a younger age"，D为正确答案．
47．B   第一段最后一句明确指出，"大约30%的离婚者再婚．我们社会绝对大多数人更喜欢过婚姻生活．"A、C、D的表述与事实不符．
48．A  美国社会接受多种类型的家庭组合方式．文章第二、三段指出，目前美国家庭的组合方式与传统的核心家庭相比发生了很大的变化．这种变化反映在孩子与家庭成员的关系上．分析四个选项，B、D与事实不符；家庭结构的变化不能说明传统的核心家庭不存在了，因此D的观点太片面．
49．C"Part|time children"是指父母离婚后由父母交替抚养的孩子．第二段最后一句指出了离婚家庭的两种孩子，即"part|time children"和"full|time children"．根据第三段的描述，"full|time children"是指夫妻双方目前的孩子，或目前与现父母住在一起的前婚的孩子；"part|time children"则是由离婚父母交替抚养的孩子．由此判断，C是正确的；A、D不对；B所说的是"full|time children"
50．A   第一段最后一句和第三段最后一句为本文的主题句，即大多数美国人喜欢过婚姻生活，而且过着婚姻生活．这是不变的事实（constant）．由此看出，美国人对婚姻是有信心的．本文没有涉及B和C的观点

点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项  （3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．

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By the time a baby is one year old，signs of possible autism include difficulty in using words and not looking eye-to-eye or reaching out to other people．By 14months，the baby might smile less and use language less．However，Professor Landa says these signs can be so small that they might be missed during a short health exam．
"It's important for parents to stay tuned in to their children's development，and if a parent is concerned about a child's development，for professionals to listen to them．"
The earlier parents notice delays，she says，the sooner they can begin doing simple things that may help improve their child's development，such as talking to the child about what they are doing，commenting when the child shows them something，and playing simple games that keep the child's attention．

51．What's the best title of the passageA？
A．Watching for Early Signs of Autism in Babies
B．How to Confirm a Diagnosis of Autism
C．Children with Autism Have Difficulty in Communication
D．Ways to Help Children with Autism to Recover
52．What can we learn from the third paragraphB？
A．Landa has found ways to confirm a diagnosis of autism when a baby is about six
months．
B．Landa tried to find out autism earlier by comparing the differences as the baby grows up．
C．Now doctors can confirm diagnosis of autism before a child is about three years old．
D．Doctors observed 235babies between six and 36months of age under the guide of Landa．
53．When a baby with signs of possible autism is a year and two months，he or she mayD．
A．show great interest in learning
B．have difficulty in raising his head
C．like reaching out to other people
D．hate to communicate with others
54．What should the parents do when their child is diagnosed with autismC？
A．Send the child to the hospital at once．
B．Find a special school for children with autism．
C．Spend more time talking with the child．
D．Encourage the child to play games online．
55．In which column could you find this passageB？
A．Education Report．
B．Health Report．
C．Economics Report．
D．Sports Report．
3．When I was growing up，16 was always a magical age，a symbol of maturity，responsibility and of course  more independence and freedom．I sat through the hours of Driver's Ed classes eager to get out on the road．I couldn't wait to get my driver's license．
But it's a different story for today's teens．In January，the U．S．Department Transportation released 2012 data that showed only 30.7 percent of U．S．teens got their license at age 16，Twenty years before，that number was almost 45 percent．
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Driving is part of the American culture，but it's not the central focus like it was 25 years ago．They have so many other things to do now．One of the more interesting fators delaying teens driving might be the change of their social life．Today，teens need to look no further than Facebook or other social networking sites to connect with their friends．There is simply less need，maybe less desire，to be able to grab the keys and go．
Michelle Wei got her license as a senior in high school because her digital social life made it easy not to drive．"If I couldn't get a ride to see my friend who live a town over，"the 19-year-old said，"I could talk on IM or Skype．"
Research has shown that these online relationships can lead to higher quality friendships，so it isn's necessarily a bad thing．However，it's important to find a balance．If old face-to-face friendships are good，why not drive top find them？
71．We can infer from the first paragraph thatC．
A．Driver's Ed classes allowed teens to know what maturity was
B．getting a driving license at 16 was a must for American teens
C．16 was considered an age when one could get his driver's license
D．teens could drive on the road without taking Driver's Ed classes
72．What does the passage mainly talk about？A
A．Derire to drive on the road declines among American teens．
B．Getting a license costs much more than ever before．
C．Social networking sites are changing the life of Amiercan teens．
D．American teens are becoming more responsible than ever．
73．Which is NOT a facot delaying American teens getting their driving licenses？D
A．The cost of insurance and gas．
B．Too many school courses and activities．
C．Restrictions from families and states．
D．pursuit of more freedom and independence．
74．Micheels Wei's example is used to explainC．
A．why American teens are crazy about digital social life
B．what social networking websites are bringing to American teens
C．to what degree the Internet is affecting the American car culture
D．what the Internet does to help teens to get a driving license
75．The last paragraph is reminding the readers thatB．
A．the Internet h as a bad effect on the teen's social life
B．teens should keep a balance in choosing their lifestyle
C．actual contacts can be replaced by talking on line
D．face-to-face friendship is always the best choice．
20．"There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18，and the truth is far from that，"says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin．Today，unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents．
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Living at home，says Knighton，a school teacher，continues to give her security and moral support．Her mother agreed，"It is ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent．It makes sense for kids to stay at home．"But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all．There are the quarrels over bathrooms，telephones and privacy．Some families，however，manage the delicate balancing act．But for others，it proves too difficult．Michelle Del Turco，24，has been home three times-and left three times．"What I considered a social drink，my dad considered an alcohol problem，"she explains．"He never liked anyone I dated，so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends'houses．"
It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on．Nevertheless，it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children．Children，struggling to establish separate identities，can end up with"a sense of inadequacy，defeat and failure．"And aging parents，who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom，find themselves stuck with responsibilities，which is definitely a stress for them．
（Note Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS．）

78．What's the most important reason for young adults'returning to the nest？skyrocketing housing costs．
79．Knighton enjoys living at home due toa sense of security and moral support．
80．What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco's unhappy experience with her dad？They failed to manage the delicate balancing act．
81．From the passage，we can conclude it isbrief visits that benefit（s） both adult children and their parents to avoid lengthy homecomings．
7．Family Values
    To understand a nation，you should first get to know its minimum unit-family．（36 ）B
In the US，upon reaching an appropriate age，children are encouraged，but not forced，to"leave the nest"and begin an independent life．（37）DParents do not arrange marriages for their children，nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married．Young adults meet their future spouses（配偶）through other friends，at jobs，and in organizations and religious institutions．Although children choose their own spouses，they still hope their parents will approve of their choices．
Parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves in many families．A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another job．（38）FA son may deliberately decide not to go into his father's business because of a fear that he will lose his independence in his father's workplace．This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other．Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family．
（39）AIt is not like we Chinese．Parents are rulers and masters．We Chinese love our parents with fear and total respect．In America，children always have their own opinions and even can talk about some sensitive problems with their parents，like family financial situation，the relationship between mother and father，and even sex．
（40）ETherefore，it is contrary that，on one hand，Americans admire independence and equality that they don't want to make sacrifice to make up a family，but on the other hand，Americans thing highly of family in their value system．

A．In the American family，children and parents are equal．
B．It can reflect the traditional values and customs of a nation．
C．When it comes to big problems，children do not have to always follow their parents'ways．
D．After children leave home，they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family．
E．Although Americans pay much attention to independence and equality，they don't believe in making sacrifice．
F．Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to declare their independence．
G．Many of them are expected to leave what could be life's most important decision-marriage almost entirely up to luck．
17．Many articles have appeared in recent years，claiming that there are no more heroes in the world．The authors says that the young now refuse to admire anyone and that we are living in a world too well informed，too curious showing us the faults of the public figures who could become today's stars，until we lose faith and start looking for defects in any person who seems worthy of respect．
Is it true that we know too much？Were our ancestors lucky to be only partly informed？Those who read the first biographies of George Washington，Joan of Arc，or other great men and women of the past were not told that their hero had bad breath or disliked his mother； they only found a description of his great accomplishments and their admiration was strengthened．In fact，early biographers didn't hesitate to make up an admirable story or two about their hero．The man who wrote the first biography of Washington，for instance，invented the cherry tree； he admitted later that there was no truth in it，but he said that it would give young men a good example to follow．His readers didn't seem to object； the book was reprinted eighty times-a great success in those days．
Modern biographers do not invent such stories； they respect the facts，as indeed they should．But we pay a price for their truthfulness，for in their efforts to show"the whole person，"they tell us more than we really need to know about private lives，family secrets，and human weakness．The true greatness of a fine man is often forgotten in the display； and people lose not only their admiration for him，but their willingness to trust any other"star"completely．
It may be difficult to be a hero in the world these days，under the searching eyes of the society．But surely excellence has not disappeared completely； there are still individuals who are superior to their fellow men by their wisdom，their courage，or their character．They can be heroes if people are willing to ignore their human imperfection and to admit the respect that their admirable qualities inspire．Heroes are needed everywhere，at any time．It's a sad sky that has no shining stars．

36．Why do the young now refuse to admire anyone？D
A．Because there are fewer heroes than before．
B．Because they themselves are more self-centered．
C．Because they have lost faith in today's life style．
D．Because they rush to find faults with any person．
37．Early biographers of great peopleB．
A．knew little about their heroes
B．were willing to invent stories
C．were disliked by readers
D．hid some achievements of their heroes
38．Which of the following statements about modern biographers is true？C
A．They show no respect to facts．
B．They choose to ignore heroes'greatness．
C．Their writing style has aroused criticism．
D．We benefit from their truthfulness．
39．We can infer from the last paragraph thatB．
A．the standard of being a hero has been raised
B．the author is optimistic about the hero issue
C．our society is lacking in real heroes
D．our society shows enough tolerance
40．What is essential in solving the problem mentioned in the passage？A
A．People's attitude．
B．The true greatness of heroes．
C．The author's arguments．
D．Biographers'truthfulness．
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Caroline：If this was an election，we would have already had our victory．The public has spoken and they keep speaking．And I think，more importantly，the public is starting to vote with their pedals．

72．What does Aaron mean by saying"This is what 21st century New York City looks like．"？C
A．There are hundreds of miles of new bike lanes in 21st century New York City．
B．Drivers slow down their cars and bikes are taken off the sidewalk in New York．
C．Bikes are used as a means of transport in 21st century New York City．
D．It's possible to make the streets safe for pedestrians in New York．
73．According to the passage，which of the following CANNOT support the opponents of these new bike lanes？C
A．Drivers lose parking spots and lanes for cars．
B．The two-way bike lane is dangerous to older residents．
C．We took what used to be a full street so the road is broader than before．
D．The removal of one bike lane through a neighbourhood in Brooklyn was not supported by the majority of New Yorkers．
74．"A mandate"in Paragraph 8was referred to a demand or command fromB．
A．the authority  B．the public  C．the supporters  D．the government
75．What of the following might be the best title of the passage？C
A．Ride on National Bike-to-Work Day
B．A New Bike Lane Appears in New York
C．A Bike Lane Divides New Yorkers
D．Who Wins an Election．
1．In Europe，people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right throughout the meal，a system that is generally agreed to be more efficient than the American zigzag（曲折的）method．Americans hold both the fork and the knife in their right hands throughout the meal，so they continually change their forks to the left hand when they have to cut their meat．It seems to be funny for the Europeans to see Americans busy changing their dinner sets，making a lot of noises．
A few explanations for this American style are as follows：?
（1）Americans are practical and efficient．Since most of us are right-handed，it is reasonable to keep our working tools at all times in the right hand that can use them most efficiently．?
（2）Americans，the master of the New World are rebels（叛逆者）．They use the zigzag method to break the rules in the Old World and in this way they are thumbing their nose at Mother England．Americans are a restless kind．They do not like to sit in one spot for very long when dining．
（3）Forced to do so，they respond by"playing"with the silver．?
Whatever the reason for the practice，it is now certainly as American as apple pie．Europeans recognize this and are quick to attack it as evidence of American innocence（无知）of form．Arguments against the zigzag method rest not only on grounds of efficiency but also on those of tradition．In Old World dining，the knife is held in the right hand continually because it can serve as an instant defense against the uninvited intruders（入侵者）．However，such alertness（警觉） is out of place in the New World，as every American believes that this is the home of the brave．Americans juggle their silverware，perhaps，to show that they are not afraid and that one of them holding a fork is worth any number of them holding blades（刀）．
31．Americans use _______ to hold their fork to pick up the salad．A
A．the right hand   
B．the left hand
C．both hands     
D．either of the two hands
32．As the masters of the New World，Americans use a different cutting method from that in the Old World toB．
A．show their independence of Mother England
B．show their disrespect to Mother England
C．add a new tradition to those in Mother England
D．show off their creativeness to Mother England
33．In the last sentence，the word"juggle"probably meansB
A．hold       B．play with         C．pick up            D．lay down
34．Also in the last sentence，the two"them"refer toC
A．Americans              
B．Europeans and Americans separately
C．Americans and Europeans separately           
D．Europeans                    
35．Which of the following statements is NOT true？D
A．European people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right hand．
B．The zigzag eating method is related to American characteristics．
C．The zigzag eating method has become an American feature．
D．European people will use the American method because of its efficiency．
2．On Jan.3，a netizen（网民）nicknamed"Programmer Humor"published a short story on his micro-blog．It said that there was an old lady who swept nearly every inch of his Internet company．When she passed by a programmer，she took a look at the codes on the programmer's computer and kindly reminded him，"Be careful，the stack is overfilled!"
Certainly，it is a casual and fictitious（虚构的）story made up by the micro-blogger．However，no one would have guessed that the short blog would eventually cause the first great Internet meme（网络快速爆红现象） of 2011in China．Suddenly，the mysterious"Sweeping Old Lady"is showing up nearly everywhere and reminding professionals of their mistakes．From 8a．m．on Jan.5，some netizens collected stories of the"Sweeping Old Lady"and found she had appeared to give advice in 150kinds of careers．A netizen even said he had met with a similar situation in real life．
Actually，the"Sweeping Old Lady"is not new figure，but is based on the"sweeping monk（和尚）"in Louis Cha's famous Kung fu novel of"Tian Long Ba Bu"．The"sweeping monk"is an old monk and does the lowest class of work in Shaolin Temple，but he is actually the No.1master in the noel both in Kung fu and in the study of Buddhism．
The"Sweeping Old Lady"is also a great modest master．Lots of netizens wish that they could have such a lady beside them to give them precious suggestions at a key time．
Although there may be 1，000"Sweeping Old Ladies"in 1，000people's minds，it cannot prevent the"Sweeping Old Lady"from becoming the most popular figure on the Internet．
"Programmer Humor"said he is just a programmer in the real world and once he saw the story about the"Sweeping Old Lady，"he wrote it down in his miero-blog because it was funny．He never knew who the original writer of the story was and never thought the story could be so popular．

63．What quality does the"Sweeping Old Lady"have？C
A．Honest and knowledgeable．B．Modest and patient．
C．Modest and knowledgeable．D．Honest and patient．
64．Which description about the"Sweeping Old Lady"is right？B
A．She is an old lady good at sweeping the Internet．
B．She is just an imaginary figure created by a netizen．
C．She is well-know as the old"sweeping monk．"
D．She likes to give instructions everywhere．
65．What can we infer from the text？D
A．The sweeping old lady is always looking down on the people around her．
B．We should ask sweeping old lady for advice when meeting with difficulties．
C．People want to have a"Sweeping Old Lady"nearby to do the cleaning．
D．We shouldn't judge a person by his or her appearance and we'd better respect everyone．
66．What does the author think of the"Sweeping Old Lady"？A
A．She should be praised and respected．
B．She shouldn't mind others'business．
C．She should go in for network．
D．She shouldn't show off before professionals．

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