题目内容
12．Theyobviously （ obvious ） admire you very much for your great achievement in science．分析 他们很显然羡慕你在科学上的了不起的成绩．
解答 答案是obviously．本题考查词性转换；obvious adj．明显的；obviously adv．显然；题干中需要的是修饰动词admire的副词，故答案是obviously．
点评 本题是要求用所给词的适当形式填空，解题时首先根据句子的结构考虑句中需要的词性；其次，关注所选词的形式的变化：如果是谓语动词关注时态、语态和数的变化；如果是非谓语动词要联系非谓语的基本用法判断非谓语的形式．如果是名词关注单数和复数的选用等．
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2．Anyone whose performance is best received by the Students Union_______ be invited to show their talents on the stage of the school on the Spring Festival．（ ）
| A． | shall | B． | need | C． | may | D． | could |
20．______ the classroom，the teacher found the students ______，so he was very angry．（ ）
| A． | Step into； talking | B． | Stepping into； talking | ||
| C． | Entering； talked | D． | Enter； talked |
17．In a broad sense，migration is usually defined as"permanent or semi-permanent change of residence"．Although movements within nations （internal migration） often exceed movements between nations （international migration） in volume，the motives of people who move short distances are very similar to those of international migrants．
Students of human migration speak of"push"and"pull"factors，which influence an individual's decision to move from one place to another．Push factors are associated with the place of origin．A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job，or as traumatic as war，or severe famine．Obviously，refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors．
Associated with the place of destination，pull factors are mostly economic，such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm．In general，pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin．When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations，the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives，friends，or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in．Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow．
Besides push and pull factors，there are what the sociologists call"intervening obstacles"．Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles，such as the distance of the move，the trouble and cost of moving，the difficulty of entering the new country，and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival．
The decision to move is also influenced by"personal factors"of the potential migrant．The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people，sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives，or just because of their varying abilities and personalities．The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and terribly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids．Similarly，the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another．
Regardless of why people move，migration of large numbers of people causes conflict．The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs．It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country．
Students of human migration speak of"push"and"pull"factors，which influence an individual's decision to move from one place to another．Push factors are associated with the place of origin．A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job，or as traumatic as war，or severe famine．Obviously，refugees who leave their homes with guns pointed at their heads are motivated almost entirely by push factors．
Associated with the place of destination，pull factors are mostly economic，such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm．In general，pull factors add up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is offered by the place of origin．When there is a choice between several attractive potential destinations，the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives，friends，or at least fellow countrymen already established in the new place who are willing to help the newcomers settle in．Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migration flow．
Besides push and pull factors，there are what the sociologists call"intervening obstacles"．Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be outweighed by intervening obstacles，such as the distance of the move，the trouble and cost of moving，the difficulty of entering the new country，and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival．
The decision to move is also influenced by"personal factors"of the potential migrant．The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people，sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives，or just because of their varying abilities and personalities．The prospect of packing up everything and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to an unmarried young man and terribly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and small kids．Similarly，the need to learn a new language and customs may excite one person and frighten another．
Regardless of why people move，migration of large numbers of people causes conflict．The newest arrivals are usually given the lowest-paid jobs and are resented by native people who may have to compete with them for those jobs．It has usually taken several decades for each group to be accepted into the mainstream of society in the host country．
| Migration | ||
| Passage outline | Supporting details | |
| Broad （71）Definition of migration | Migration is permanent or semi-permanent change of residence． （72）More people move within nations than between nations，yet their motives are alike． | |
| Factors in migration | Push factors | （73）Unable to find a suitable job or suffering from war or natural disaster，people are likely to leave their homeland． |
| Pull factors | （74）Motivated/Influenced by pull factors，people are desperate for more chances to live a better life in the place of destination． Earlier settlers tend to offer help to new migrants，greatly （75）promoting migration flow． | |
| Intervening obstacles | （76）Strong as push and pull factors might be，intervening obstacles seems more difficult for some to （77）overcome． | |
| Personal factors | International migration may be interesting to those unmarried but not to those with a family； the same （78）thought/prospect of picking up a foreign language may make one excited but another frightened． | |
| Impacts of migration | As a result of large numbers of the newest arrivals，conflicts between them and the natives will （79）arise/occur/appear．It usually takes long for the new comers to （80）fit in with the mainstream of the host country． | |
4．The Japanese have always loved fresh fish．But the （41）B close to Japan have not held many fish for decades．So to（42）D the Japanese population，fishing boats got bigger and went a longer way than ever．The （43）A the fishermen went，the longer it took to bring in the fish．If the return trip （44）C more time，the fish were not fresh．
To settle this （45）D，fish companies installed（安装） freezers on their boats．They would catch the fish and freeze them at sea．Freezers （46）B the boats to go farther and stay longer．
（47）A，the Japanese could taste the difference （48）A the fresh and the frozen fish．And they did not like the taste of the frozen fish．The frozen fish brought a lower （49）C．So，the fishing companies installed fish tanks．They would catch the fish and put them in the tanks，fin to fin．After struggling for some time，they stopped moving and became （50）D and dull．Days later，they lost their fresh-fish taste．The fishing industry （51）Aa coming economic crisis!
But today，they get fresh-tasting fish to Japan．How did they（52）C？To keep the fish tasting fresh，the Japanese fishing companies（53）B put the fish in the tanks but with a small shark．The fish are challenged and therefore are constantly on the（54）D．The challenger they face keeps them （55）A and fresh!
Have you （56）C that some of us are also living in a pond but most of the time not active or awake？So we need （57）B，which，basically in our life，are new challenges，to keep us awake and moving．If you are steadily （58）Dchallenges，you are happy．"Your challenges keep you （59）Aand fresh．Don't create success and enjoy it in a state of（60）C．You have the resources，skills and abilities to make a difference．"
To settle this （45）D，fish companies installed（安装） freezers on their boats．They would catch the fish and freeze them at sea．Freezers （46）B the boats to go farther and stay longer．
（47）A，the Japanese could taste the difference （48）A the fresh and the frozen fish．And they did not like the taste of the frozen fish．The frozen fish brought a lower （49）C．So，the fishing companies installed fish tanks．They would catch the fish and put them in the tanks，fin to fin．After struggling for some time，they stopped moving and became （50）D and dull．Days later，they lost their fresh-fish taste．The fishing industry （51）Aa coming economic crisis!
But today，they get fresh-tasting fish to Japan．How did they（52）C？To keep the fish tasting fresh，the Japanese fishing companies（53）B put the fish in the tanks but with a small shark．The fish are challenged and therefore are constantly on the（54）D．The challenger they face keeps them （55）A and fresh!
Have you （56）C that some of us are also living in a pond but most of the time not active or awake？So we need （57）B，which，basically in our life，are new challenges，to keep us awake and moving．If you are steadily （58）Dchallenges，you are happy．"Your challenges keep you （59）Aand fresh．Don't create success and enjoy it in a state of（60）C．You have the resources，skills and abilities to make a difference．"
| 41．A．islands | B．waters | C．towns | D．tanks |
| 42．A．increase | B．satisfy | C．reduce | D．feed |
| 43．A．farther | B．longer | C．slower | D．faster |
| 44．A．wasted | B．spent | C．took | D．saved |
| 45．A．quarrel | B．argument | C．conflict | D．problem |
| 46．A．encouraged | B．allowed | C．forced | D．advised |
| 47．A．However | B．Thus | C．Besides | D．Otherwise |
| 48．A．between | B．through | C．among | D．beyond |
| 49．A．cost | B．value | C．price | D．money |
| 50．A．surprised | B．puzzled | C．excited | D．tired |
| 51．A．faced | B．avoided | C．built | D．stopped |
| 52．A．change | B．follow | C．manage | D．exist |
| 53．A．also | B．still | C．already | D．even |
| 54．A．rise | B．march | C．mend | D．move |
| 55．A．alive | B．sleepy | C．alone | D．alike |
| 56．A．promised | B．predicted | C．realized | D．remembered |
| 57．A．wolves | B．sharks | C．tigers | D．lions |
| 58．A．searching | B．collecting | C．obeying | D．overcoming |
| 59．A．energetic | B．independent | C．curious | D．gentle |
| 60．A．thankfulness | B．sadness | C．stillness | D．weakness． |