题目内容

15.Camels are well known for their ability to survive the hot and dry conditions of the desert,but a study suggests they once grew well in colder climates.Scientists have found fossilized(化石) parts of a leg bone belonging to a giant camel that lived in the forests of Canada's High Arctic about 3.5million years ago.
The research is published in the journal Nature Communication.Dr.Mike Buckley,an author of the paper from the university of Manchester,said,"What's special about this story is that this is the northernmost evidence of camels."The area was warmer than today 3.5 million years ago,but the ancient giant camels would have had to face long and bitter winter,with temperatures below freezing.There would have been snowstorms and about six months of darkness.
While scientists have known for some time that camels existed in North America,with the earliest creatures dating to about 45 million years ago,they were astonished to find a species at such a latitude(纬度).
Over the course of three investigations,which began in 2006,researchers from the Canadian Museum of Nature collected 30 pieces of the leg bone from Ellesmere Island in Canada.
Their size suggested that the animal was about 30% larger than today's camels,measuring about 2.7m from foot to shoulder.Despite its size,the researchers believe it would have been similar in appearance,although it probably had a thicker coat to stay warm.
To investigate further,the team took the protein found in the bone from the fossils and modern animals.Dr.Buckley said,"The results tell us that it is a direct ancestor of modern camels."
He said the findings provided a new insight into the evolution of this animal."It suggests that many of the adaptations that we currently think of,in terms of camels being adapted to warm desert-like environments,could have actually originated through adaptation to quite the opposite cold,bitter environments.Camels'humps(峰)which store fat could help get through an Arctic six-month winter.Their large eyes would have helped them to see in the low light,and their wide,flat feet would have been just as useful for walking on snow as they are on sand,"he explained.

28.What surprised the scientists when they found the giant camel fossils?C
A.Their size.
B.Their shape.
C.Their location.
D.Their number.
29.According to the text,the ancient giant camelsB.
A.could date to about 45million years ago
B.struggled to survive in severe conditions
C.were the first ancestors of modern camels
D.lived in an environment without light
30.Compared with modern camels,the ancient giant camelsA.
A.were much taller
B.had more humps
C.were slightly stronger
D.had thinner coat
31.We can infer from what Dr.Buckley said thatA.
A.giant camels had special adaptations for polar life
B.cold environments prevented giant camels developing
C.the cause of the extinction of gian camels remains unknown
D.the hard climates forced giant camels to find warm environments.

分析 本文告诉我们骆驼以其在沙漠炎热干燥的条件下生存的能力而闻名,最近一项研究表明它们在寒冷的气候中曾经生长得很好,这是因为科学家发现了一只生活在加拿大北极森林的巨型骆驼化石,这一言论发表在杂志上后,引发了很多科学家的不同观点,他们进一步研究发现生活在加拿大北极森林的巨型骆驼是现代骆驼的直系祖先.

解答 28.C;细节理解题.根据文中"Dr.Mike Buckley,an author of the paper from the university of Manchester,said,"What's special about this story is that this is the northernmost evidence of camels."(曼彻斯特大学的论文作者巴克利博士说:"这个故事的特别之处在于,这是最北部的骆驼证据),可知当科学家们发现了巨大的骆驼化石时,这让科学家们大吃一惊的是他们的位置,故选C.
29.B;细节理解题.根据文中"but the ancient giant camels would have had to face long and bitter winter,with temperatures below freezing.There would have been snowstorms and about six months of darkness."(但是,古代的巨型骆驼不得不面对漫长而又苦涩的冬天,温度低于冰点.可能会有暴风雪和大约六个月的黑暗),可知古代的巨型骆驼在恶劣的条件下挣扎求生.故选B.
30.A;细节理解题.根据文中"Their size suggested that the animal was about 30% larger than today's camels"(他们的尺寸表明,这只动物比今天的骆驼大30%),可知与现代骆驼相比,古老的巨型骆驼更高大.故选A.
31.A;推理判断题.根据文中"in terms of camels being adapted to warm desert-like environments,could have actually originated through adaptation to quite the opposite cold"(在骆驼被适应温暖的沙漠的环境中,实际上可能是通过适应相对于相反的寒冷而产生的),可以推断出巨大的骆驼对极地生活有特殊的适应能力.故选A.

点评 本文考察学生的细节理解和推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.

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6.Let's face it--there are lots of reasons to hate McDonald's:calories,cholesterol and,for me at least,that sickening feeling after munching (大口咀嚼) on McNuggets.Then there's always that childish salesman at the drive-through(免下车通道) who forgets the ketchup.
Well,add one more reason to spite McDonald's:as the global economy spirals downward,McDonald's is minting money."In the worst of times for the restaurant industry,it's the best of times for McDonald's,"says Butt Flickinger III,managing director of the Strategic Resources Group,a retail-consulting company.In fact,the company's sales have increased for 55 straight months.Profits grew 11% to $1.2 billion.
The pricing of McDonald's,highlighted by dollar-menu items like apple pies,side salads and yogurt,plus cheap combo meals is a key strength during the recession.In particular,consumers are fleeing casual,family chain restaurants for the convenience and savings of fast food.
The economy is not the only reason people are drawn to McDonald's.The company's management also deserves credit for its success.Back seven years ago,America's obesity was a hot topic,and McDonald's suffered from the strong negative reaction.Changeless food and shabby stores also kept people away."McDonald's was actively persuading customers from coming back,"says John Glass,a Morgan Stanley analyst.
Since that time,McDonald's have remodeled 11,000 stores.At a neat and clean restaurant in the Bronx one weekday evening,Brian Waters,a mailman,sat with his 9-year-old son in a booth.The bright dining area featured abstract paintings of New York City's bridges and the Statue of Liberty."It used to be dark and dull in here,"Waters says."Now it's nice and clean.I don't mind sitting here anymore."Stores have also extended hours:34% of the company's 14,000 U.S.restaurants are now open 24/7.
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Like any other business in this environment,McDonald's faces some potential roadblocks.As the recession wears on,fast-food-service growth may flatten out;plus,McDonald's can expect more price competition.For example,Steak‘n Shake,the diner-style burger chain in 21 states throughout the Midwest and South,is promoting four different meal combos for less than $4."In Los Angeles,every other billboard is a 99-cent food price,"says Glass.The battle for bargain-hunting eaters is on.But given its recent winning ways,McDonald's might just add a few more billion consumers.

24.One of the reasons why the author hates McDonald's is thatD
A.there are always kids messing around in the restaurant.
B.The salesclerk always forget to clean up the drive-through
C.Children always leave the ketchup at the drive-through
D.Some salesclerk always forgets to give him the ketchup
25.What is the key for McDonald's success even during the global economic downturnA
A.Its pricing policy.
B.Its managing policy
C.Its dollar-menu items
D.Its cheap combo meals
26.What happened to McDonald's seven years ago,according to John Glass?C
A.It suggested that fast food not be abused.
B.It persuaded customers to eat elsewhere
C.The size of its customers was shrinking
D.Customers had more expectation on it
27.When the battle for bargain-hunting eaters is on,the author expects that McDonald's will most probablyD
A.Increase its management expenses
B.Open more chain restaurants
C.Have to cut its prices sharply
D.Gain more customers.
3.In much of Asia,especially the so-called"rice bowl"cultures of China,Japan,Korea(61)andVietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
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10.Jennifer Lawrence,25,is known for being d.own"to"earth and likable-she ordered McDonald's on the red carpet at the Oscars.
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A.dislike.
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D.forgive
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B.to advise
C.to persuade
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A.More Experience,More Pay
B.Asking for Fair Pay
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D.Higher value,Higher Pay.
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21.What do we know about Away We Go?B
A.It tells us to be satisfied with our life.
B.It shows Burt and Verona's life journey.
C.Burt and Verona have been married for a long time.
D.Burt and Verona always like looking out of the window.
22.What is the theme of 500 Days of Summer?A
A.Love.
B.Season.
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Researchers had previously thought that brain activity ends before or shortly after the heart stops beating.But a team of doctors affiliated with the University of Western Ontario in Canada has documented a case in which a patient continued to experience brain wave activity for about 10minutes after he had been announced clinically dead (or brain dead).
The unusual circumstance came about as the team in Canada was conducting routine research regarding the process of death in humans.As four terminal patients were removed from life support,their vital signs(生命体征) were monitored for a length of time.Three of the patients stopped sending brain signals almost immediately after their hearts stopped,but the fourth instead began producing signals that are normally seen in a person that is in a very deep sleep-delta waves-and continued to do so for 10minutes and 38seconds.
In the case,doctors confirmed their patient was dead through a range of the normal observations,including the absence of a pulse(脉搏) and unreactive pupils(瞳孔).They also conducted a series of tests to make sure all of the equipment was working fine.After finding no problems,they reported that they had no explanation for what they had observed.
Scientists not involved with the research are cautious to draw any sort of conclusions since the phenomenon only occurred in one of four test patients.
What happens to the body and mind after death remains almost entirely mysterious to scientists.Two other studies last year,for instance,showed that genes appeared to continue functioning-and even function more energetically-in the days after people die.
What?s really going on?That?s the rational question following this latest brain activity study.

32.Previously,brain activity was thought toA.
A.end as the heart stops.
B.last much longer than heart beat.
C.stop in a very deep sleep.
D.prevent genes functioning.
33.What was special about the fourth patient after death?B
A.His pupils made no reaction.
B.His brain waves were monitored.
C.He had no pulse already.
D.His life support wasn?t removed.
34.What?s the scientists?attitude towards this observation?C
A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Careful.D.Uninterested.
35.Why does the writer mention the other two studies done last year?D
A.To express dissatisfaction with the scientists?work.
B.To encourage scientists to do more brain studies.
C.To invite the readers to give more such examples.
D.To show brain activity after death remains a mystery.
16.You must think positively no matter how big a challenge is.If you think positively you will feel better and will be able to overcome challenges in life.Furthermore,meet an optimistic person and you will notice how motivated he is towards life.Remember,positive thinking gives you motivation to achieve what you want.(16)EOne of the best ways to motivate oneself is to get inspired by others'success.(17)CIn stead,take inspiration from their success stories.This will make you motivated to get you want.Moreover,you can also read books that are written by inspirational and successful personalities.
There is a famous quote that reads,"A healthy body leads to a healthy mind."(18)ATherefore,it is important to exercise.Whether you are working out in the gym or going for a long walk,make sure that you include an exercise plan in your daily routine.
(19)DTherefore,it is important to break your routine and do something different.Either you go on a vacation or learn a new skill,it is important to break the sameness in your daily life.
Human beings are extraordinary individuals who are able to complete the hardest tasks and achieve the impossible.It is important to get out of your comfort zone and try something different.(20)F

A.If your mind is healthy you will think positively.
B.Keeping yourself motivated is not a difficult task.
C.Don't be jealous of those who are successful around you.
D.You might lose motivation by doing the same things over and over again.
E.On the other hand,negative thinking will only cause more depression in your life.
F.By doing so you will get motivated and your attitudes towards life will be positive.
G.Do things that make you happy and find inspiration in everything you see possibly.

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