题目内容

Imagine being a crew member, hundreds of years ago, sailing in southern waters. Your captain is searching for food while exploring unfamiliar waters. Your job is to watch the sea off the ship’s side for ice. The wind is cold on your face. Alongside the ship, a fish darts past. Another slows to a stop and raises its head above the water to look at you. How could a fish do that?

Did the sailors see fish with feathers or swimming birds? Today, we know that the sailors saw birds that developed the ability to swim. Their wings became flippers, and they could “fly” through the water with amazing speed.

There are many types of penguins. Only two kinds raise their young on the continent of Antarctic. Adelie penguins grow up to 29 inches tall and have a white ring around each eye. Emperor penguins have yellow orange color near their necks. Standing about 35 inches tall, they are the tallest penguins living today.

Emperor penguins have nests on top of their feet. Father Emperor penguins keep the egg on top of their feet for more than two months, until the egg is ready to hatch. The mother penguin goes out for food during that time. Imagine holding an egg on your feet for two months until someone returns with food!

Male and female penguins are both good parents. Once the chicks hatch, both parents travel long distances to find food for them in the sea. It may be days before the parents return and the chicks eat again. When they return with food, the fun really begins. Chicks chase their parents, begging for food. Penguin chicks eat huge amounts at one time.

Eventually, the adult penguins stop feeding the chicks. This is nature’s way of forcing children to grow up. When the penguin chicks are hungry enough, they find their way to the sea. Without any swimming lessons, they make their way into the icy waters and swim as only penguins do.

1.What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?

A. It is dangerous to sail in unfamiliar waters.

B. The ice covers southern waters as far as we can see.

C. Penguins seemed unusual when the sailors first saw them.

D. It is difficult to find food if sailing in southern waters.

2.We now know that penguins seen by the sailors hundreds of years ago were .

A. fish with the ability to fly

B. birds that had learned to swim

C. birds that could fly into the sea

D. fish with black and white feathers

3.Why does the author say “the fun really begins” when the parents return with food?

A. The chicks play games with each other while eating.

B. The chicks run after the parents while trying to get food.

C. The chicks have to find their way to the sea to get more food.

D. The chicks have to search for the food the parents have hidden.

4.Emperor penguin chicks will be forced to grow up when they .

A. must learn how to feed others

B. have to find a new place to live

C. have to find food by themselves

D. need to adjust to the changeable weather

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You have to shake hands when you’re coming or going in Germany, but in Britain you usually only shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.

You have to give your present in public in the Middle East to show it’s not a bribe(贿赂), but it’s good manners to give your present in private in Asia.

You mustn’t give cutlery（刀具） in Latin America because it suggests that you want to cut off the relationship. You mustn’t give a clock in China because the Chinese word for clock is similar to the word for funeral(葬礼).

“Come any time” means “I want you to visit me” in India. If you don’t suggest a time and arrange a visit immediately, an Indian will think you are refusing the invitation.

Offices are usually closed on Friday in Moslem countries.

It’s bad manners to discuss business at social occasion in India.

In an English pub, you have to take your turn to buy a “round” drink for everyone in your group.

1.From the passage, in Latin America, _____.

A. you must shake hands when you meet a person for the first time

B. you have to give your present in private

C. if you want to cut off the relationship with somebody, you can give him cutlery

D. you can’t give a clock to your friend as a present

2.Which one is wrong in the following sentences?

A. You can’t shake hands when you meet someone for the first time in Britain.

B. You can give present in private in Asia.

C. When an India says “come any time”, you should suggest a time if you want to visit him.

D. Some people in Moslem countries don’t need to work on Friday .

3.In India, it is good manners to _____.

A. give present in public to show it’s not a bribe

B. discuss business at a social occasion

C. take your turn to buy drink for everyone in your group in a pub

D. arrange a visit at once when an Indian says “come any time” to you

There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be remembered at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. However, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.

Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English: beginning, intermediate (中等), and native speaking students.

To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording, Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.

Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students with a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning's results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Information in short-term memory is different from that in long-term memory.

B. Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.

C. It is easier to test short-term memory than long term memory.

D. Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.

2. From Henning's result we can see that ______.

A. beginners have difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of words

B. advanced students always remember words by their meaning

C. it is difficult to remember words that sound alike

D. it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning

3. The word "subject" in the passage means ______.

A. memory

B. the theme of listening material

C. a branch of knowledge studied

D. the student experimented on

4.The passage centers on ______.

A. memory B. two kinds of memory

C. short-term memory D. an experiment on student

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to unlock your talent

Search

To find your hidden talent (才能), you’ll have to search for it! We all know people who are great at drawing or good at sports, don’t we? They’re the lucky ones who have a natural talent for what they love doing. 1. It’s just that we might have to look a little bit harder, that’s all!

Try

2. Developing a new talent takes time and lots of effort, so don’t worry if you haven’t discovered yours by the end of the day, the week or even the month. You will get your light-bulb (灵感) moment finally!

Ask

Ask for help to get you started. Do you have an aunt who can help you start a blog or a sporty mom who’ll get active with you? 3. Sometimes we don’t need to look further than our own families to see what skills can be passed down to us!

4.

Find out what excites you! The more enthusiastic (热情的) you are about a hobby, the more you’ll want to keep doing it. And, you’ve guessed it, the more you keep doing it, the better you’ll get!

New ideas

Be open to new ideas. There’s no point saying that you can’t write a book or take amazing photos if you’ve never really tried. 5.

A. Get excited

B. Don’t give up

C. It won’t happen overnight.

D. Is your grandma great at making cakes?

E. Make today your day to try something new.

F. Have you ever doubted what you’re doing now?

G. But that doesn’t mean we can’t all find something we’re good at.

词组英汉互译

1.反复，多次_________________________

2.在……前面______________________

3.依靠，依赖__________________________

4.看不见__________________________

5.代替，取代__________________________

6.对……严格的____________________

7.put one’s hands on _____________________

8.electric shock _____________________

9.be lacking in __________________________

10.make sense of ___________________

11.apart from ___________________________

12.to one’s credit ___________________

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 1. Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2. As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3.

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4. To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

5. For the risk-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A. It all depends on your character.

B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________ me, I could have helped.

A. told B. had told

C. were to tell D. would tell

完形填空

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant Miller King, who was the best at our school.

Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for .

Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from . He looked very , but he didn`t cry.

That season, I all of Miller`s records while he the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s .

One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller going over a fence — which wasn’t to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept from. But even that challenge he accepted. I him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally on the other side, he said to me, ＂ You know, I didn’t tell you this during the season, but you did .Thank you for filling in for .＂

His words freed me from my bad . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was ahead of me. I was right to have him. From that day on，I grew and a little more real.

1.A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with

2.A. coach B. student C. teacher D. player

3.A. practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure

4.A. school B. vacation C. hospital D. training

5.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed

6.A. held B. broke C. set D. tried

7.A. reported B. judged C. organized D. watched

8.A. and B. then C. but D. thus

9.A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice

10.A. stuck B. hurt C. tried D. lost

11.A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit

12.A. praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology

13.A. let B. helped C. had D. noticed

14.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe

15.A. fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally

16.A. us B. yourself C. me D. them

17.A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams

18.A. still B. also C. yet D. just

19.A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired

20.A. healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler

He did not _________ easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.

A. approach B. wrestle

C. compromise D. communicate

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