题目内容

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In China, traveling by train is a common way to visit new places and go back to one’s hometown during holidays. But in the US, traveling by train is almost an ancient tradition … although it wasn’t always that way.

The US railway system started to grow in 1826, with many railway 【1】 (company) starting up and competing with each other to build new railway routes. Trains became a symbol of progress, with New York City’s Grand Central Station becoming a major 【2】 (culture) landmark.

But eventually, railways 【3】 (replace) by highways as “car culture” took over the US. China would go on to adopt trains even more quickly and 【4】 (wide) than the US. China’s railway network connects the entire country, 【5】 (allow) people to travel with ease. This is especially obvious during Chunyun - when China’s train stations are crowded with thousands of people 【6】 are trying to get home.

I had never traveled by train until I 【7】 (move) to China. My first trip by train was 【8】 Beijing to Tianjin by high-speed train. It was 【9】 (amaze) how quickly I could get there - just half 【10】 hour.

【答案】

【1】companies

【2】cultural

【3】were replaced

【4】widely

【5】allowing

【6】who/that

【7】moved

【8】from

【9】amazing

【10】an

【解析】

本文属于记叙文，讲述作者本人乘坐火车的经历。

【1】考查名词。句意：美国铁路系统于1826年开始快速发展，为了新建新的铁路，很多铁路公司成立并且相互竞争。分析句子可知，many后接可数名词复数，故用companies。

【2】考查形容词。句意：火车成为进步的标志，纽约的中央车站成为了一个文化标志。修饰名词landmark用形容词作定语，故用cultural。

【3】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：但是最后，由于汽车文化风靡全国，铁路也被高速公路替代。分析句子可知，本句为主从复合句，replace在句中作谓语，与其主语属于动宾关系，故用被动语态，因而用were replaced。

【4】考查副词。句意：但是中国会继续利用火车，甚至比美国更快，范围更大。分析句子可知，修饰动词adopt用副词，故用widely。

【5】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国铁路系统连接了整个国家，让人们环游中国很容易。分析句子可知，allow在句中做非谓语作结果状语，与其逻辑主语为主谓关系，故用现在分词allowing。

【6】考查定语从句。句意：这是在春运很明显的，火车站满是渴望回家的人。分析句子可知，are trying to get home为定语从句修饰先行词people，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词who/that。

【7】考查一般过去时。句意：直到到了中国，我才有机会坐火车。分析句子可知，本句为until引导的时间状语从句，陈述过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，moved。

【8】考查介词。句意：我第一次坐高铁从北京到天津。本句为结构from…to，因而用from。

【9】考查形容词。句意：我只需要半个小时就到了，真的不可思议。本句为it为形式主语，真正主语how quickly I could get there，因而很快到达目的地，因而很令人惊讶，故用amazing。

【10】考查冠词。句意：我只需要半个小时就到了，真的不可思议。Hour为元音发音开头，因而用不定冠词an。

部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．

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