题目内容

A study found that young people have a stronger and more unpleasant scent (气味) than the elderly，while elderly people’s smell was the most distinctive，less intense and unpleasant. Researchers said the change in our smell is driven by the chemicals we release through our glands (腺) and the bacteria on our skin.

To test whether or not it really exists，scientists collected a series of samples from three groups of 12 to 16 donors，aged 20 to 30，45 to 55 and 75 to 95.Volunteers wore special T－shirts fitted with underarm pads (护垫) as they slept for five nights，after which the pads were cut up and put in glass jars. A separate group of 41 people aged 20 to 30 was then asked to smell two jars at a time and asked which group of the donors was older，as well as rating how strong and unpleasant each smell was.

When asked to specify whether a particular sample was from a young，middle aged or old person，they were much more successful at identifying older people. Despite being the most distinctive，the older people’s smell was also rated as being obviously less intense and less unpleasant than those from the other groups.

Researchers said their findings appeared to contradict people's negative ideas about the old person’s smell but admitted other factors，like smelly breath or skin，could be to blame for its bad reputation.

“Similar to other animals，humans can give off body scents that allow us to identify biological age，avoid sick individuals and pick a suitable partner. Elderly people have a distinctive scent that younger people consider to be not very unpleasant. This was surprising given the popular conception of old age scent as smelly. However，it's possible that other sources of body scents，such as skin or breath，may have different qualities,” said Dr Johan Lundstrom，who led the study.

1.What do we know from the study?

A．People of different ages give off different scents.

B．People's scent can only be changed by the bacteria on their skin.

C．People show great interest in old people's scent.

D．People's scent can help distinguish a man and a woman.

2.Which of the following ages of people have the chance to participate in the study?

A．16 B． 77 C．74 D．56

3.According to the passage, people usually think that________．

A．old people's scent is simply from their breath

B．old people have a bad reputation mainly for their skin

C．old people's scent is terrible and unpleasant

D．old people give off a more pleasant scent

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A．To tell old people how to remove their terrible scent.

B．To prove that people often hold wrong ideas.

C．To show how researchers carried out their study about the scent.

D．To report the findings of a study about people's scent.

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Below is a selection from a popular science book.

If blood is red, why are veins (静脉) blue?

Actually, veins are not blue at all. They are more of a clear, yellowish color. Although blood looks red when it’s outside the body, when it’s sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin, it’s more of a dark reddish purple color. At the right depth, these blood-filled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin, making them look blue by comparison.

Which works harder, your heart or your brain?

That kind of depends on whether you’re busy thinking or busy exercising. Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise, and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker（超级油轮）. But, in the long run, your brain probably tips it, because even when you’re sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart, and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.

Why do teeth fall out, and why don’t they grow back in grown-ups?

Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long; they fall out to make bigger room for bigger, stronger adult teeth later on. Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged, decayed（腐烂）and infected by bacteria. Once this second set of teeth has grown in, you’re done. When they’re gone, they are gone. This is because nature figures you’re set for life, and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.

Do old people shrink（收缩）as they age?

Yes and no. Many people do get shorter as they age. But, when they do, it isn’t because they’re shrinking all over. They simply lose height as their spine (脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effect of gravity (重力). Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older. Men lose an average of 3-4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. If you live to be 200 years old, would you keep shrinking till you were, like 60 cm tall, like a little boy again? No, because old people don’t really shrink! It is not that they are growing backwards—their legs, arms and backbones getting shorter. When they do get shorter, it’s because the spine has shortened a little. Or, more often, become more bent and curved.

Why does spinning make you dizzy?

Because your brain gets confused between what you’re seeing and what you’re feeling. The brain senses that you’re spinning using special gravity-and-motion-sensing organs in your inner ear, which work together with your eyes to keep your vision balance stable. But when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control, and your brain thinks you’re moving while you’re not.

Where do feelings and emotions come from?

Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system（边缘系统）. All mammals have this brain area — from mice to dogs, cats, and humans. So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear, pain and pleasure. But since human feelings also involve other, newer bits of the brain, we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on this planet.

If exercise wears you out, how can it be good for you?

1.What is the color of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?

A. Blue B. Light yellow

C. Red D. Dark reddish purple

2. Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?

A. Because their spine is in active use.

B. Because they are more easily affected by gravity.

C. Because they keep growing backwards.

D. Because their spine becomes more bent.

3.Which of the following statements about our brain is true?

A. In the long run, our brain probably works harder than our heart.

B. When our brain senses the spinning, we will feel dizzy.

C. The brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.

D. Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.

4. What is the main purpose of the selection?

A. To give advice on how to stay healthy.

B. To provide information about our body.

C. To challenge new findings in medical research.

D. To report the latest discoveries in medical science.

They don’t quite know how to cope with all the dam trouble they’ve got down in Hampden, Maine. And according to town manager Leslie Stanley, it doesn’t look as if things will improve any in the immediate future. “We’ve got a real annoying problem on our hands,” he says.

The annoyance began in late May. About three miles outside of town a group of beavers (河狸) built a dam near the mouth of a culvert (涵洞) that carries a stream under Canaan Road. Some 50 feet of roadway and several hundred feet of land on each side of the culvert were flooded. Stanley sent a road crew out to level the dam. The beavers rebuilt it. The crew tore it apart again. In fact, they tore it apart for ten mornings－and for ten straight nights the beavers rebuilt it.

On the eleventh day, the foreman tossed (扔) the problem back to the town manager. He, in turn, tossed it on to the local game warden (狩猎监督官). The warden, absorbed in beaver knowledge, moved quietly and carefully out one night and placed a petrol-soaked bag over the dam. (Any beaver expert will tell you the creatures just can’t tolerate petrol smell.)

In the morning the bag was found artistically woven (编织) into the dam.

The warden set out three steel traps that night. In the morning one was empty. The other two had been stolen by the beavers and used to strengthen the dam. The warden, cursing the state law against hunting beavers with firearms, got his traps back and set them out again and again. And every night the beavers stole them.

Town manager Stanley enlisted additional troops. He telephoned his police chief. Those beavers were breaking a state law against blocking up a natural watercourse. “Why aren’t you out there to uphold the law?” Stanley asked. “You’re the police chief. So remove them. Arrest them. Do something.”

Three mornings later, the police chief proudly announced the end of the dam. At 2:00 A.M., he said, he and a licensed dynamiter (炸药使用者) had blown it to small pieces. Stanley said he’d believe it when he saw it.

They drove out to the culvert and found a new dam already half-built. They also found the highway choked with mud and remains thrown up by the dynamite.

Stanley said maybe they should call in the Army Corps of Engineers. But the police chief’s faith in explosives was unshaken. He launched an all-out campaign，but the beavers always managed to have the holes plugged by the time the fire department appeared on the scene for its morning mop-up.

In time, the beavers tired of this nonsense and moved their dam “inside” the culvert－where it couldn’t be blown up without destroying the road too.

Stanley and his general staff held a council of war and agreed that fresh strategy was called for. Then they came up with an inspired idea. If we remove every branch of the dam by hand, we’ll force the beavers to go in search of new building material to replace what we’ve taken. Then we can place box traps along their runways and seized them.

The plan was completely approved. Moreover it worked. On July 30, town manager Stanley was able to announce that the beaver group had been trapped and removed to a remote wilderness area. And there was great joy in Hampden－until the middle of October, that is, when a group of young beavers was spotted swimming in the same waters from which its elders had recently been taken away.

But to make a long story short, the strategy that worked with the older beavers worked with the young ones too.

1.What was the annoying problem for the authorities in Hampden, Maine?

A. They failed to destroy the dam repeatedly built by the beavers.

B. They didn’t know who to send to deal with the dam trouble.

C. The beavers were building dams in every corner of the town.

D. The political situation in the town was becoming much worse.

2.What did the local game warden do?

A. He made steel traps to strengthen the dam.

B. He set out to hunt the beavers with firearms.

C. He learned a lot about the construction of the dam.

D. He used petrol-soaked bags to drive the beavers away.

3.Which is the correct order of the following events?

① The land on both sides of the culvert was flooded.

② The local leaders worked out a strategy.

③ The game warden set out steel traps.

④ The beavers rebuilt their dam inside the culvert.

⑤ The police chief used explosives to destroy the dam.

A. ①③②⑤④ B. ①③⑤④② C. ②①④③⑤ D. ②①⑤③④

4. The underline word “uphold” in Paragraph 6 probably means ________.

A. revise B. resist C. violate D. maintain

5. What can we learn about beavers from the passage?

A. The beavers seem to be stubborn about building dams.

B. The beavers are allowed to be killed when causing trouble.

C. The beavers can’t adapt themselves to living in wilderness.

D. The beavers finally returned to the culvert with their young.

— I think you’d better write him a letter immediately.

— ______? He’ll come here the day after tomorrow.

A. Why bother B. So what C. Why not D. How come

完形填空

阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

“Little Annie” Sullivan, as she was called when she was young, was no stranger to hardship. She was ____ sightless herself and was, at one time,diagnosed as hopelessly insane(精神病的) by the doctors. She was locked in the basement of a ______ institution outside of Boston. At times, Little Annie would violently ______ anyone who came near. Most of the time she generally _____ everyone in her presence.

An elderly nurse ______ there was hope, ______, and she made her mind to show love to the child. Every day she visited Little Annie. For the most ______, the child did not acknowledge the nurse’s presence, but she still ____to visit. The kindly woman left cookies for her and spoke words of love and encouragement. She was sure that Little Annie could ____, if only she were shown love.

Eventually, doctors noticed a ____ in the girl. Where they once witnessed anger and hatred, they now noted an emerging gentleness and ____. They moved her upstairs where she continued to __32__. Then the day finally came when this seemingly “hopeless” child was set ____.

Annie Sullivan ____ into a young woman with a(n) ____ to help others as she, herself, was helped by the kindly nurse. It was she who ____ the great potential in Helen Keller. She loved her, disciplined her, and played with her. Annie Sullivan worked ____ in Helen Keller’s life; but it was the loving nurse who first ____ in Little Annie and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a compassionate teacher.

The name of Helen Keller would have ____ unknown if it had not been for Annie Sullivan. ____ would the name of Annie Sullivan if it had not been for a kind and devoted nurse. And so it goes. Just how far back does the chain of love extend? And how forward will it lead?

1.A. almost B. still C. rather D. only

2.A. cultural B. religious C. mental D. private

3.A. attract B. attack C. watch D. touch

4.A. blamed B. caught C. greeted D. ignored

5.A. suggested B. determined C. imagined D. thought

6.A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. besides

7.A. course B. part C. reason D. content

8.A. continued B. forgot C. refused D. failed

9.A. return B. recover C. remember D. reply

10.A. chance B. trouble C. change D. fault

11.A. love B. worry C. anxiety D. wish

12.A. play B. study C. shout D. improve

13.A. free B. busy C. spare D. loose

14.A. ran B. grew C. looked D. knocked

15.A. order B. demand C. desire D. idea

16.A. showed B. reached C. owned D. saw

17.A. doubts B. decisions C. plans D. wonders

18.A. joined B. believed C. took D. dropped

19.A. remained B. seemed C. become D. proved

20.A. Either B. And C. So D. Neither

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Smith, an old man, lived in the middle of the town. One day he found his watch ___________ in his own store. It ___________ a lot to him because it was from his wife. After searching ___________ in the store for a long while, he ___________ to ask for help from a group of children playing outside the store. He ___________ them that the person who found it would be rewarded. ___________ this, the children hurried inside the store, went through and around the ___________ store, but still could not find the watch.

Soon the man felt hopeless and wanted to ___________ . A little boy went up to him and asked for another ___________. The man looked at him and thought, “ Why not? ___________ , this kid looks sincere enough.” ___________ the man sent him back in the store. After a while the boy___________ with the watch in his hand! The man was very ___________ , and he asked the boy how he found it while the others had ___________ . The boy replied, “I did nothing but sat on the ground and ___________.Then I heard the ticking (嘀嗒声) of the watch and just looked for it in that ___________ .”

We usually do something in a hurry and don’t think about our own needs, which can’t bring peace into our mind. ___________ we need to think about ourselves and keep peaceful for a while, which can produce a ___________ result. So allow a few minutes of ___________ to your mind every day, and see how it helps you deal with your work and make ___________ as you expect to!

1.A. broken B. lost C. hidden D. fixed

2.A. meant B. learned C. performed D. bargained

3.A. young and old B. heavy and light C. black and white D. up and down

4.A. forgot B. agreed C. decided D. pretended

5.A. promised B. taught C. worried D. warned

6.A. Seeing B. Hearing C. Wearing D. Feeling

7.A. secure B. dusty C. busy D. whole

8.A. set off B. calm down C. give up D. show off

9.A. chance B. reason C. meeting D. date

10.A. So far B. After all C. At first D. As usual

11.A. But B. Or C. Unless D. So

12.A. ran away B. fell down C. came out D. went back

13.A. amazed B. proud C. nervous D. angry

14.A. finished B. failed C. regretted D. doubted

15.A. played B. waited C. watched D. listened

16.A. station B. situation C. direction D. darkness

17.A. Instead B. Possibly C. Besides D. Luckily

18.A. clear B. straight C. good D. natural

19.A. exercise B. silence C. pleasure D. conversation

20.A. noise B. sense C. mistake D. progress

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The famous person I would really like to interview him is Yang Liwei. He is not only the first Chinese to going to space but also one of the greatest astronaut in the world. I have long interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal by him about it.

If I could interview him, I will ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was training. I’d also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is so great fun as I have read. Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personally life, that must be very interesting.

— Why not meet Diana today?

— I am sorry to tell you that she has been ________ from our company.

A. explored B. employed

C. removed D. interrupted

请用适当情态动词填空，每空一词。

1. In those days on winter evenings, we ___________ all sit around the fire, chatting.

2. Your sister has been admitted to Beijing University? She __________ be quite clever!

3.You haven’t finished your paper? But you ___________ have finished it by the end of last week!

4.I promise if you win the football game, all of you ___________ have a chance to travel in Paris for free.

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