题目内容

The job of raising children is a tough one. Children don't come with an instruction handbook. And each child is different. So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration,not knowing what to do. But in raising children―as in all of life―what we do is influenced by our culture. 1       To Americans,the goal of parents is to help children stand on their own two feet. From infancy (幼年) ,each child may get his or her own room. As children grow,they gain more freedom to make their own choices. Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment,as well as the friends to share them with. 2       Of course,many young adults still seek their parents' advice and approval for the choices they make. But once they "leave the nest" at around 18  to 21 years old,they want to be on their own,not "tied to their mother's apron strings".

The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat their children as individuals―not as extensions (延伸) of themselves. They allow them to realize their own dreams. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the confidence to succeed. When children become adults,their relationship with their parents becomes more like a friendship among equals. 3       Even as adults,they respect and honor their parents.

Most young couples with children struggle with the issue of childcare. Mothers have traditionally stayed home with their children. In recent years,though,a growing trend is to put preschoolers in a daycare center so Mom can work. Many Americans have strong feelings about which type of arrangement is best. 4       Others insist that mothers are the best caregivers for children. A number of women are now leaving the workforce to become fulltime homemakers.

Being a parent is a tall order. 5       Some people are just deciding not to have children at all,since they're not sure it's worth it. But raising children means training the next generation and preserving our culture. What could be worth more than that?

   A. Naturally then,American parents teach their children basic American values.

   B. It takes patience,love,wisdom,courage and a good sense of humor to raise children.

   C. Some argue that attending a daycare center can be a positive experience for children.

   D. When they reach young adulthood,they choose their own careers and marriage partners.

   E. Disciplining children is another area that American parents have different opinions about.

   F. But contrary to popular belief,most adult Americans don't make their parents pay for

room and board when they come to visit.

   G. When parents find out more about their children's school performance,daily activities and attitudes towards life,they can better direct kids towards positive things in life.

1.       2.                  3.                  4.          5.       

养育孩子不是一件轻松的事,不同的教育方式折射出文化的差异,本文重点介绍了美国人平等、注重个性培养的育儿观。

1. A考查递进关系。由前文可知,我们如何抚养孩子受到文化的影响。所填的句子应该是对这句话的进一步解释,故答案为A项。

2. D考查顺承关系。由文中关键词"infancy"、"teenagers" "young adults"可知,该段是在谈论美国父母在孩子成长的不同阶段教会孩子学会独立。此处所填的句子应该是父母如何教育进入成年的孩子,故答案为D项。

3. F考查递进关系。从前文可知,当孩子成年后,他们和父母的关系会更像地位平等的朋友。而后一句指出,作为成年人,他们尊重自己的父母。此处所填句子应是细节注释性句子,进一步对成年的孩子与其父母的关系作出解释,故答案为F

项。

4. C考查对照关系。由后文可知,许多人坚持认为,母亲是孩子最好的护理者。此处应表明其他人的立场,故答案为C项。

5. B此句总结并升华。该段是对全文的总结,前一句说,成为父母是一项艰巨的任务。此处应指出作为父母所必备的素质,故答案为B 项。

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How to Teach Your Kids to Respect Elders

 Parenting requires a lot of things. Parents need to teach their kids certain manners and etiquette (礼仪) that kids need to learn from an early stage of life. 1       In fact,it can be considered as one of the most important responsibilities of parents.

1. Be consistent. 2       Kids need to consistently be reminded about what they are supposed to do. So when you are teaching your child to respect an elderly person,try to remind them each time they meet a new one. Thus,after a certain time they will start respecting elders without you reminding them.

2. Observe. Always telling your kids what to do and what not to do may make them upset at times. When you teach them something,give them time to acquire it. 3       If not,you'll have to find a new method.

3. Let them socialize. 4       Some tiny behaviors will indicate how much progress they are making. Even though your prime focus will be on how they are approaching to elders,you may notice them behaving appropriately with other kids as well.

4. Become an example for them to follow. In every kid's nature,there is a tendency (倾向) to imitate others;especially their parents. If they see their parents violating the rules they are setting for them,then whom they will choose to look up for? 5       So,try not to just pretend but obey the things by yourself before you advise your kids.

   A. Kids are really sharp and they may pick your mistakes very quickly.

   B. Take them to places like parks where they can interact with others.

   C. You have to be very patient and remain loving throughout the whole process.

   D. A habit does not form in one day.

   E. Respecting elders is also one of them.

   F. And observe whether they are listening to you or not.

   G. Always remember that encouraging helps kids to stay away from the bad influence that they might get.

1.                  2.         3.              4.       5.       


Parents whose children show a special interest in a sport feel very difficult to make a decision about their children's careers. Should they allow their children to train to become top sports men and women? For many children it means 1       ( start) schoolwork very young,and going out with friends and other interests have to take a2       (two) place. It's very difficult to explain to a young child why he or she has to train five hours a day,even at the weekend,3       most of his or her friends are playing.

Another problem is of course money. In many countries money for training is available 4        government for the very best young sportsmen and sportswomen. If this help cannot be given,it means that it is the parents 5        have to find the time and the money to support their child's development and sports clothes,transport to competitions,special equipment,etc. All can be very expensive.

Many parents are worried that 6        is dangerous to start serious training in a sport at an early age. Some doctors agree that young muscles7       (damage) by training before they are properly developed. Professional trainers,8       ,believe that only by training when you are young can you reach the top 9       a successful sports person. They state that very few people do reach the top,and both parents and children should be prepared10       failure even after many years of training.

1.                  2,                  3.                  4.           5.         

6.         7.         8.                  9.          10.         

We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life,but most of us don't do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

So,you have to give a speech― 1       and you are terrified,you stumble over words,you talk too long,and you bore your audience. Later you think, uThank Goodness. It's over. Fm just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again."

Cheep up!It doesn't have to be that bad. 2       Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then,gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible,and use pictures,charts,and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. 3       Don't talk over their heads,and don't talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

4       Know your subject,your audience,and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps,5       In fact,you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches!You're not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.

   A. Never forget your audience.

   B. you get nervous,you forget what you want to say

   C. There are many tips on how to make effective speeches.

   D. Just remember:Be prepared.

   E. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making.

   F. you will see that you don't have to be afraid of public speaking

   G. Speech plays an important role in our life.

1.                  2.                  3.                  4.          5.       

             B    ★★★★☆

    Susan Cain was such a shy girl that she did not want Other people to look at her. But when she grew up Susan chose to be a lawyer,which is usually for a bold(大胆的) person. But Susan thinks that her shyness has made her a better lawyer.

    She said, “At first I had the idea that I would be disadvantaged. But I quickly found that was not true.I’m good at listening to people,which helps me build relationships with others. These would also make me very powerful.”

    Almost half of all people say that they are shy. Social scientists studied young adults in eight countries across the world. They found that in Japan 57% of people said that they were shy. The lowest number was in Israel,only 31%. In most countries,bout 40% of the population said they were shy.

    Scientists say that it is because of two things: genetic(遗传) character and life experience. They did a study of two-month-old babies. Of every five babies,one was very active. Some people become shy because of what has happened to them. For example,children who are always blamed (责备)by their family can be shy. But good experiences can help sensitive children become active.

    Shy people may feel that they have a disadvantage in their social life and their work. But shyness can be an advantage. Many shy people have good characters. They are gooasfriends because they listen more than they talk. They are much less likely to cheat or lie even when they think they cannot be caught. Studies show that they are much more likely to show.?ympí?ty (同情) for others.

    Shy people may not have a choice about being shy. But they can learn to use the good qualities they have. In this way they can do something good with their shy character.

5. As an adult,Susan thinks that her shyness .

   A. has made her be afraid of looking at others

   B. has helped her become a powerful lawyer 

    C. has negative effects on her career

   D. means she has fewer new friends

6. The study in Paragraph 3 has found that .

   A. most people are shy

   B. adults are shyer than kids

    C. people in Israel are the shyest   

    D. shyness is common among people

7. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

   A. The disadvantages of shyness.

   B. The ways to get rid of shyness.

    C. The reasons why some people are shy.

   D. The influences of shyness on people's life.

8. According to the text,shy people .

   A. are more likely to be honest

   B. seldom show sympathy for others

    C. find it hard to focus on what others say   

    D. often make mistakes that upset their parents

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