题目内容

2.       the entire annual report before,I couldn't give comments at the meeting.(  )
A.Not readingB.Not to readC.Having not readD.Not having read

分析 先前没有读完整的年度报告,在会议上我没有能够发表意见.

解答 答案是D.本题考查分词做状语;动词不定式在句首做状语往往表示"目的";现在分词完成式的否定结构应该在分词前加not,所以C项形式错误;A项是现在分词一般式,表示分词的动作与谓语动词同时进行;D项是现在分词完成式,表示分词的动作在 谓语动词前已经发生或完成;根据语境,没有看完整的年度报告"在前",不能发表意见"在后",故选用现在分词完成式,答案是D.

点评 首先判断选项中的动词在句中是以谓语还是非谓语形式出现,然后根据选项在句中的功能结合非谓语的基本用法做出合理的判断.要关注常见非谓语动词的搭配.

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13.Parents Model Healthy Eating
It should come as no surprise that the more stressed parents are at work,the greater the burden on their family is.(71)E    After all,the more time parents spend working,the less time and energy they have to plan and prepare healthful meals.
For years,most studies have focused on the role of working mothers while fathers were ignored.They didn't look at the family as a whole.(72)F  It adds a new wrinkle to the relationship between work stress and family nutrition.
Moms'work related stress is still a central factor in how well families eat because they typically do most of the food shopping and cooking.(73)A  The study found that when mom or dad experience high levels of work related stress,their families are eating one-and-a-half fewer family meals per week,and the parents themselves report eating fewer fruits and vegetables,more fast food,and are less likely to eat breakfast regularly.
It's worth noting that the study looked mainly at low income families who belonged to ethnic or minority groups.(74)D   But the implications are wide ranging.
  (75)B  Teaching kids,especially teenagers,to help with grocery shopping and to cook actual meals,instead of just putting a frozen pizza in the microwave,could be an important piece of the puzzle in helping families improves their eating habits.

A.But dad's work related stress has a large impact,too.
B.As to family nutrition,the entire family plays a role even kids.
C.Yet,the kids'stress may affect the families'nutrition,too.
D.So the findings don't necessarily apply directly to other types of families.
E.It's also probably not a surprise that this can negatively affect a family's nutrition.
F.However,a recent study does and look at the role of fathers in particular.
G.It is parents who give their kids a good model to develop a good eating habit.
7.Reward methods are an everyday occurrence in our classrooms.More than ever,a great number of incentive(激励) programs have been created to help teachers manage behavior,and motivate learners.However,there is evidence that in the long run,reward systems don't work.
Many people believe that rewards can help students develop a reason to do better.However,this approach fails to address why children are unable to be successful in the first place.When a student who dislikes math frequently behaves badly in class,a simple and easy way to deal with the behavior might be to offer him a reward for not misbehaving.Yet this would do nothing to solve his real problem-which is his attitude towards math.
On the other hand,rewards can't last forever.So what happens when they stop?Many experiments suggest once the rewards stop,people go back to behaving as they did before.
Some people might counter that.It may be true that students won't spontaneously(自发地) work once we stop rewarding them,but at least they will have worked more than they otherwise would have!Unfortunately,there is another more surprising consequence of rewards that we need to consider:Rather than create motivation,they can actually decrease motivation.
In a classic study,some kinder garteners who enjoyed drawing with markers were observed in a classroom with different activities available.They were broken into two groups.Everyone in the first group was told that he or she could win an attractive certificate by drawing a picture with markers.Each was eager to get the certificate and drew a picture.Children in the second group were also encouraged to draw but didn't get a certificate.After a delay of about two weeks,when the markers again appeared in the classroom but no certificate was promised,the children in the first group used the markers about half as much as children in the second group.Apparently,rewards actually made them enjoy drawing less.
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63.The author mainly argues thatD.
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B.incentive programs help to solve real problems
C.motivation plays an important role in learning
D.reward methods for students are ineffective
64.The underlined word"counter"in Paragraph 4 probably meansB.
A.suspect B.oppose C.detail D.confirm
65.In Paragraph 5,the author uses the example to show thatD.
A.rewards keep interest
B.children enjoy awards
C.children are changeable
D.rewards reduce motivation
66.The author persuades readers to accept his argument mainly byC.
A.questioning the results of classic studies
B.comparing strengths with weaknesses
C.pointing out the problems with reward systems
D.giving examples of badly-behaved students.

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