题目内容
17.There's a curious thing about people.All of us are driven in some way or another to achieve-we want to run faster,be more creative,win more awards,and earn more money.But here's the thing:if you want to offer warm of wisdom,constructive criticism or"360-degree feedback",then think again.Most of us would rather not hear it.Our easily-broken egos(自尊心)are partly to blame.We all want to meet our own expectations of ourselves,and so being critiqued can present a huge threat to our egos.Yet as decades of psychological theory and research have indicated,people have endless tricky strategies of remaining positive in the face of criticism.For this reason,rather than us welcoming feedback with open arms,our first response is often an automatic defense.These reactions serve to make us feel better about ourselves.
Psychological research exposes this unhealthy appetite for ignorance.In one study,students watched a false educational film about a serious disease called"TAA Deficiency".In fact,TAA Deficiency is completely fictional,but the students were not told this information;instead,they were asked whether they wished to provide a cheek test for assessing(评估)their risk of developing the disease.Half of the students were told that if they ever developed TAA Deficiency,then the treatment would involve them taking a two-week course of pills.Of this group,52% agreed to provide the cheek test.The other half of students learned the treatment would involve taking the pills for the rest of their lives.Of this group,only 21% agreed to the test.
These findings show a common pattern seen in other studies within and beyond the context of healthcare.That is,people are especially resistant to hearing feedback when they believe it could lead them to do something difficult-or unpleasant.
32.The author implies in Paragraph 1 that people shouldA.
A.be cautious when giving advice
B.be satisfied with what he has
C.offer constructive criticism
D.care less about others
33.How do people usually react when facing criticism?A
A.They try to avoid it.
B.They deal with it seriously.
C.They tend to defend themselves.
D.They turn to psychological theory.
34.Why didn't most of the second group agree to the test?C
A.They didn't believe in it.
B.They knew it was just an experiment.
C.They were sensitive to the negative result.
D.They didn't like the way they were treated.
35.What can be the best title for the passage?B
A.Meeting Criticism
B.Rethinking Feedbacks
C.Improving Healthcare
D.Fighting TAA Deficiency.
分析 本文写得是当听从别人的建议时,我们应该谨慎.对于反馈要反思.
解答 32.A 细节理解题.根据第一句There's a curious thing about people.有一个关于人们好奇的事,所以答案选A.
33.A 推理判断题.根据句子people have endless tricky strategies of remaining positive in the face of criticism.面对批评,人们有无穷无尽的狡猾策略.可见人们面对批评是试图避开它的.所以答案选A.
34.C 推理判断题.根据句子For this reason,rather than us welcoming feedback with open arms,our first response is often an automatic defense.These reactions serve to make us feel better about ourselves.由于这个原因,而不是我们张开双臂欢迎反馈,我们的第一反应往往是自动防御.他们对负面的结果很敏感.
35.B 标题考查题.本文主要写了当听从建议的时候要谨慎,根据最后一段最后一句That is,people are especially resistant to hearing feedback when they believe it could lead them to do something difficult-or unpleasant.也就是说,当人们认为可能会导致他们做一些困难或不愉快的事情时,他们特别容易听到反馈.所以反思反馈符合题目.所答案选B.
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.
I recognized them(43)Das one of the work camps.For more years than I can remember these young men and women have (44)Ctheir spring and summer vacations to come here and help repair the homes of poor people,I smiled when I saw them there(45)Dand working hard to do some(46)Ain this world.(47)Bthe news headlines were so full of hate and(48)D,these young people were doing their best to(49)Bsome love and light with others.In my heart and mind 1heard the words once again:"I was a(50)Aand you welcomed me,I was hungry and you gave me food.I was(51)Cand you took care of me."
There are so many people we can(52)D,And as long as there is (53)Athere is more to do.Whether it is repairing a house,sharing a smiles offering a hug,visiting the sick,(54)Cto charity,praying for others,sharing a kind word,or doing any act of goodness every single thing we do is(55)B.
36.A.heat | B.baby | C.oxygen | D.paint |
37.A.in | B.up | C.off | D.on |
38.A.calming | B.cooling | C.bringing | D.knocking |
39.A.assumed | B.confirmed | C.signaled | D.decited |
40.A.koyhoard | B.wheel | C.brakes | D.buttons |
41.A.sun | B.street | C.shop | D.shade |
42.A.basement | B.balcony | C.computer | D.device |
43.A.eventually | B.properly | C.suddemly | D.immediately |
44.A.extended | B.cancelled | C.volunteered | D.postponed |
45.A.laughing | B.bleeding | C.risking | D.sweating |
46.A.good | B.duly | C.research | D.work |
47.A.Until | B.While | C.Because | D.Providing |
48.A.love | B.peace | C.failure | D.violence |
49.A.exchange | B.share | C.check | D.combine |
50.A.stranger | B.millionaire | C.citizen | D.carpenter |
51.A.lonely | B.alone | C.sick | D.scared |
52.A.receive | B.appreciate | C.cheer | D.help |
53.A.life | B.hope | C.danger | D.ambition |
54.A.distributing | B.attracting | C.giving | D.dragging |
55.A.authentic | B.precious | C.obvious | D.typical |
But a new study suggests that people whose partners are happier are probably also in better shape,even independently of their own happiness.In fact,the study's data suggests that people with a happy partner are 34% more likely to be healthy than those married to a downer.
The authors propose a couple of reasons why a happy person might improve the health of their lover.First,a happy spouse is a better caretaker; he or she is more likely to have the emotional energ y to look after a significant other,making sure they're O.K.,have taken their medicine and are looked after when they're ill.
Secondly,people with a positive outlook are more likely to be playing the long game; they eat better,they exercise,they sleep regularly,they make plans and avoid doing self-destructive things because they feel good about the future.And they bring their companions along for the ride."Happy people drag their partners out of bed to go exercise,and they encourage them to eat healthier,"says Bill Chopik an associate psychology professor at MSU,and lead author of the study.
And thirdly,happy partners make life eas ier for their partners because their partners aren't stressed by the fact that their closest companion is always in a bad mood,and they're not exhausted by efforts to make them happy or under constant pressure.
It's hard to know what moral to draw from the study-apart from try to marry a happy person-since the stress of trying to figure out how to improve your spouse's mood may well undo all the beneficial effects of having a happy spouse.Chopik has a workaround."Relationship satisfaction between couples is one of the largest predictors of happiness,"he says.So instead of trying to figure out what's up with him or her,he suggests working out what's up with the two of you.
Happy People Make Their Partners Healthier | |
Benefits of being a happy person | (71)Owning good health Bing active (72)ratherthan cheering themselves up with cheeseburgers,ice cream and a two-day Game of Thrones marathon. Leading a healthy and (73)regularlife Doing things as scheduled |
Benefit of marrying a happy partner | Being in good shape,even having (74)nothing/littleto do with their own happiness. |
(75)Factorsleading to a happy person improving the health of their lovers | ◆Being considerate to their lovers (1)Having the emotional energy to look after their partners (2)(76)Ensuring/Guaranteeing,Securingtheir partners keep fit (3)Urging their lover to take medicine ◆Having a positive outlook and having positive (77)effects/impacts,influenceon their partners (1)Helping them develop a healthy and regular life (2)Urging them to work out and (78)accompanyingthem ◆Making life easier for their partners (1)Being always in a bad mood (2)(79)Riddingtheir partners of the pressure to amuse them |
(80)Conclusion drawn from the study | Marry a happy person and there is no need to figure out what's up with him or her.Working out what's up with the two of you matters a lot. |