Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are for choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25．The boy develo 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

11．Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are for choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
25．The boy developed an amazing appetite______western style food even after a short stay in France.
A．to B．on C．with D．For

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If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?

According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater the younger people learn a second language.

A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.

Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.

“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,”said the scientists.

It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.

Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and math skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的），” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”

The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists.

Which part will change more when a person studies a second language?

A. grey matter density B. the brain

C. mental system D. musles

Who can study a second language easier?.

A. The adults B. The teenagers

C. The children D. The old

The underlined word “bilingual” probably means .

A. a researcher on language learning

B. a second language learner

C. a person who can speak two languages

D. an active language learner

How do you understand the underlined sentence ( in paragraph 4 ) in the passage?

A. It means that we can practise our brain by studying a second language

B. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn

C. It means that learning a second language makes you more flexable

D. It means that learners will better understand the difficult ideas.

London Summer School in Classics

Dates

The London Summer School in Classics 2010 will be held at King’s College London. It will run from 8th July until 17th July. Applications close on 2nd June.

For an application form, please download either the 2-page PDF or the word format document from the foot of the page.

If you have any problems downloading the application form or any questions, please contact: London Summer School in Classics, King’s College London.

Tel: 020 7848 2299

Fax: 020 7848 2545

Organization

The school is organized by the colleges of the University of London. The summer school offers eight days of intensive teaching in Greek and Latin. There are four language classes each day as well as lectures and a debate, between 10:30 am and 4:30 pm. The course is not residential (提供住宿的), and there is no teaching during the weekend of 12th to 13th July.

The fee is ??85.00. Travel grants (旅行补助金) are available as a contribution to your travel costs, but may not cover all your expenses. The travel grants are arranged during the summer school.

Teaching is generally in groups of 12-15 people and it, as far as possible, comprises (包含) of students of roughly the same level of experience. The style of teaching is friendly, but demanding: a lot of work is expected from students during the school, but they usually find the whole experience both stimulating and valuable. Some classes concentrate chiefly on reading, while others offer a mixture of grammar and translation practice. Our tutors include some of the most experienced and talented teachers of Classics in the London area and beyond.

The Summer School in Classics caters for a wide range of interests and for both school & university students as well as those who wish to learn Greek or Latin, or to recall their knowledge of the languages. Our principal concern is to provide a thorough program of language learning in a lively university environment.

To join in the school, you have to apply before ________.

A. 8th July, 2010 B. 2nd June, 2010 C. 17th July, 2010 D. 13th July, 2010

As a student of the school, you are probably asked to _______.

A. do a lot of reading in Greek and Latin B. learn the grammar of Greek and Latin only

C. do some translation work only D. speak Greek and Latin with experienced teachers

What is the London Summer School in Classics most concerned about?

A. Providing a stimulating experience for students.

B. Promoting students to develop a wide range of interests.

C. Teaching students languages in a lively environment.

D. Improving students’ level of debating in the argument.

Which is one of the teaching ways of the school?

A. Student groups consist of the same level students strictly.

B. Students needn’t do any work in the class.

C. Students learn Greek and Latin by listening to teachers all day.

D. Students are generally divided into groups of 12-15.

Which of the following can we know from the passage?

A. The fee is ??85, including the travel costs. B. Students needn’t go to class on 12th and 13th July.

C. People should fill in two application forms. D. People can contact the school by phone or email.

Over the last ten years, technology has been constantly improving. Learning languages outside classes has__36__from using sets of tapes or CDs to much more creative and interesting __37__.This is largely due to the ever __38__Internet. There are now hundreds of __39__that will help you learn a language, some are better than others; some charge and some are __40__. Below are some of the free-of-charge websites that I recommend (推荐) to __41__ you learn a language.
Busuu is like Facebook for language learners. __42__of this website span (跨越) across the globe. It works by giving you exercises to __43__; these exercises can be grammar, __44__, or reading comprehension. The more exercises you complete, the more your “Language Garden” __45__. Written exercises are corrected by native speaker of the language you are learning. You can also help students of your language by __46__ their work.
MyHappyPlanet is an online community for people __47__ in learning a language in __48__ for teaching their own language. For example, you help someone in Barcelona with their Chinese __49__they help you with your Spanish. With Myhappyplanet, you can practice speaking with a __50__speaker, learn more about other cultures, and make friends with people __51__in the world.
BBC languages is probably one of the most __52__ways to learn a language online, and it’s great for beginners .The lessons are in the __53__of a TV series shot in your target language. It’s like watching your favorite show and __54__at the same time. They also help you to have a better understanding __55__ the culture of the country

Learners report two main difficulties in reading, which may be linked. There are too many unknown words and as a result reading is simply not a pleasure. For some students, even reading in their own language is a chore.
　　Having a wide vocabulary is essential to making sense of written language. Of course, this is a circular argument, because the more you read the more vocabulary you learn and the more words you know the more easily you can read. Don’t make the mistake of reading with your dictionary beside you, looking up every single new or doubtful word. This is laborious and prevents you from practicing the skill of prediction.
　　Sometimes in reading you find a word you know but the sense doesn’t seem to fit in. This is not surprising because words have so many meanings and degrees of meaning. What is more, part of their meaning is shaped by the words around them. Keep looking at the surrounding words and asking yourself “what sort of meaning would make sense here?”
　　The more that people study the reading process, the better they can pass on to language learners a range of advice to choose from. People have learned to read in all kinds of ways. Here is some information that could help you plan to be a better reader in the foreign language you are studying.
　　1）Work out the general meaning first
　　When people read in a new language they often feel they must take a detailed approach, focusing on every word, particularly those they don’t know. They read as if they were using a microscope, looking carefully at each of the small pieces（the individual words）, but not necessarily seeing the whole picture at first. This is called the “bottom-up” approach. Other readers try to look first at the big picture（the “top-down” approach）, attending to individual bricks only as necessary, a process that involves some intelligent guesswork. Generally this second approach is recommended by successful learners.
　　2）Interactive reading
　　Another way of thinking about reading is to describe it as an interactive process, where the text brings something to you and you bring something to the text. Readers bring together all their knowledge of the world with what they see on the page in front of them. That is why, when reading in our own language, we don’t need to read every word. We add meaning which is not actually stated.
　　3）From supported reading to independent reading
　　Language learners start by needing considerable support as they read. Textbooks supply this support in the form of introductions that summaries the contents, glossaries, pictures, explanations of new grammar points. In your reading you need to move gradually from this support to reading more the text itself.
【小题1】. According to the author, ______.

A．looking up the dictionary is of great help for the understanding

B．reading more promotes the gaining of vocabulary

C．the more you read, the less useful the dictionary will be

D．the amount of vocabulary is the key to reading

【小题2】. Successful learners recommend ______.

A．trying to look first at the big picture

B．looking carefully at each of the small pieces

C．focusing on every word

D．“bottom-up” approach

【小题3】. The word “chore” in the first paragraph maybe means ______.

A．an important aspect	B．a difficult and tiring thing
C．an easy question	D．something special

【小题4】. You come across a new or doubtful word when you are reading, you can ______.

A．just miss it and let it be

B．keep looking at the surrounding words

C．look it up in the dictionary each time

D．make sense of it with the help of dictionary

第三部分　阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
　　Learners report two main difficulties in reading, which may be linked. There are too many unknown words and as a result reading is simply not a pleasure. For some students, even reading in their own language is a chore.
　　Having a wide vocabulary is essential to making sense of written language. Of course, this is a circular argument, because the more you read the more vocabulary you learn and the more words you know the more easily you can read. Don’t make the mistake of reading with your dictionary beside you, looking up every single new or doubtful word. This is laborious and prevents you from practicing the skill of prediction.
　　Sometimes in reading you find a word you know but the sense doesn’t seem to fit in. This is not surprising because words have so many meanings and degrees of meaning. What is more, part of their meaning is shaped by the words around them. Keep looking at the surrounding words and asking yourself “what sort of meaning would make sense here?”
　　The more that people study the reading process, the better they can pass on to language learners a range of advice to choose from. People have learned to read in all kinds of ways. Here is some information that could help you plan to be a better reader in the foreign language you are studying.
　　1）Work out the general meaning first
　　When people read in a new language they often feel they must take a detailed approach, focusing in every word, particularly those they don’t know. They read as if they were using a microscope, looking carefully at each of the small pieces（the individual words）, but not necessarily seeing the whole picture at first. This is called the “bottom-up” approach. Other readers try to look first at the big picture（the “top-down” approach）, attending to individual bricks only as necessary, a process that involves some intelligent guesswork. Generally this second approach is recommended by successful learners.
　　2）Interactive reading
　　Another way of thinking about reading is to describe it as an interactive process, where the text brings something to you and you bring something to the text. Readers bring together all their knowledge of the world with what they see on the page in front of them. That is why, when reading in our own language, we don’t need to read every word. We add meaning which is not actually stated.
　　3）From supported reading to independent reading
　　Language learners start by needing considerable support as they read. Textbooks supply this support in the form of introductions that summaries the contents, glossaries, pictures, explanations of new grammar points. In your reading you need to move gradually from this support to reading more the text itself.
51．According to the author, ________.
A．looking up the dictionary is of great help for the understanding
B．reading more promotes the gaining of vocabulary
C．the more you read，the clearer the meaning is
D．the amount of vocabulary is the key to reading
52．Successful learners recommend ________.
A．trying to look first at the big picture
B．looking carefully at each of the small pieces
C．focusing on every word
D．“bottom-up”approach
53．The word “chore” in the first paragraph maybe means ________.
A．an important aspect
B．a difficult and tiring thing
C．an easy question
D．something special
54．You come across a new or doubtful word when you are reading, you can ________.
A．just miss it and let it be
B．keep looking at the surrounding words
C．look it up in the dictionary each time
D．make sense of it with the help of dictionary

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