题目内容
Learners report two main difficulties in reading, which may be linked. There are too many unknown words and as a result reading is simply not a pleasure. For some students, even reading in their own language is a chore.
Having a wide vocabulary is essential to making sense of written language. Of course, this is a circular argument, because the more you read the more vocabulary you learn and the more words you know the more easily you can read. Don’t make the mistake of reading with your dictionary beside you, looking up every single new or doubtful word. This is laborious and prevents you from practicing the skill of prediction.
Sometimes in reading you find a word you know but the sense doesn’t seem to fit in. This is not surprising because words have so many meanings and degrees of meaning. What is more, part of their meaning is shaped by the words around them. Keep looking at the surrounding words and asking yourself “what sort of meaning would make sense here?”
The more that people study the reading process, the better they can pass on to language learners a range of advice to choose from. People have learned to read in all kinds of ways. Here is some information that could help you plan to be a better reader in the foreign language you are studying.
1）Work out the general meaning first
When people read in a new language they often feel they must take a detailed approach, focusing on every word, particularly those they don’t know. They read as if they were using a microscope, looking carefully at each of the small pieces（the individual words）, but not necessarily seeing the whole picture at first. This is called the “bottom-up” approach. Other readers try to look first at the big picture（the “top-down” approach）, attending to individual bricks only as necessary, a process that involves some intelligent guesswork. Generally this second approach is recommended by successful learners.
2）Interactive reading
Another way of thinking about reading is to describe it as an interactive process, where the text brings something to you and you bring something to the text. Readers bring together all their knowledge of the world with what they see on the page in front of them. That is why, when reading in our own language, we don’t need to read every word. We add meaning which is not actually stated.
3）From supported reading to independent reading
Language learners start by needing considerable support as they read. Textbooks supply this support in the form of introductions that summaries the contents, glossaries, pictures, explanations of new grammar points. In your reading you need to move gradually from this support to reading more the text itself.
【小题1】. According to the author, ______.
| A．looking up the dictionary is of great help for the understanding |
| B．reading more promotes the gaining of vocabulary |
| C．the more you read, the less useful the dictionary will be |
| D．the amount of vocabulary is the key to reading |
| A．trying to look first at the big picture |
| B．looking carefully at each of the small pieces |
| C．focusing on every word |
| D．“bottom-up” approach |
| A．an important aspect | B．a difficult and tiring thing |
| C．an easy question | D．something special |
| A．just miss it and let it be |
| B．keep looking at the surrounding words |
| C．look it up in the dictionary each time |
| D．make sense of it with the help of dictionary |
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】B
解析
Englishmen speak British English and Americans speak American English. A student is learning to speak British English. He often asks himself, “Can Americans understand me when I speak British English?” Learners often ask “What’s the difference between British English and American English?”Certainly there are some differences between British and American English. The Englishmen say “Have you a pen?” While Americans say “Do you have a pen?” The pronunciation is sometimes different. Americans often sound “r” in words like “bird” and “hurt”. The British speakers don’t sound the “r” in these words. There are differences in spelling. For example, “colour” and “neighbour” are British while “color” and “neighbor” are American. These differences in grammar, pronunciation and spelling are not important, however. For the most part, British and American English are the same language. When Englishmen and Americans are talking with each other, they don’t need an interpreter(翻译). Maybe some day they need, but not now.
【小题1】Between British and American English, _______.
| A．the greatest difference is in spelling |
| B．there are differences in many ways |
| C．people can’t understand each other |
| D．students don’t know the difference |
| A．he wants to learn American English |
| B．he doesn’t like British English |
| C．he hasn’t spoken to any American so far |
| D．he is going to spend more time on American English |
| A．everyone knows the differences |
| B．people talk to each other very often |
| C．Englishmen and Americans get along well |
| D．British English and American English are the same language |
| A．grammar | B．spelling | C．pronunciation | D．listening |
| A．British and American English will be two different languages some day |
| B．Englishmen and Americans will never need an interpreter while talking |
| C．there will be no more differences between British and American English |
| D．the differences between British English and American English will grow larger |