题目内容

【题目】阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

CONFUCIUS1has been known in China as Kung Tzu, is one of the most 2 (influence) philosophers.

Confucius was born in 551 B C. in the state of Lu, in the southern part of the present Shandong province in eastern China. He lived in 3 (poor) in his youth, but entered the government of Lu and by the time he was fifty, he 4(reach) high official rank. As a result of political intrigue (阴谋), however, he was soon forced 5 (resign) his position and go into exile (流亡). For the next thirteen years he traveled from state to state always 6 (hope) to find an opportunity to realize his ideal of political and social reform. Nowhere, however, did he succeed, and finally as an old man he returned to Lu, 7 he died three years later in 479 B.C.

8 is more significant and unique is that Confucius was China’s first private teacher. According to tradition, he had several thousand students, of whom several tens became famous 9 (thinker). Known10Confucianism, his ideas are best known through Confucian Analects, a collection of his sayings which was compiled by some of his followers.

【答案】

1who

2influential

3poverty

4had reached

5to resign

6hoping

7where

8What

9thinkers

10as

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了孔子的生平以及孔子的儒家思想。

1

考查定语从句。句意:孔子在中国被称为孔夫子。分析句子,划线部分充当了主语,所以此处需填引导词。从句的先行词为名词即CONFUCIUS,故后面的从句为定语从句。定语从句部分缺主语,引导词用关系代词。此处的先行词为。故填who

2

考查形容词。句意:孔子在中国被称为孔夫子,是最有影响力的哲学家之一。分析句子,提示词的词性为名词,此处需将其改为形容词来修饰后面的名词philosophers。故填influential

3

考查名词。句意:他年轻时生活贫困,后来进了鲁国的政府。分析句子,in是介词,后面接名词充当宾语。故需将提示词变为名词。in poverty 译为贫穷,是固定短语。故填poverty

4

考查时态。句意:到他五十岁的时候,他的官阶已经很高了。分析句子, by the time译为到的时候,后面接动词过去时或过去时间时。主句部分用过去完成时。故填had reached

5

考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,由于政治阴谋,他很快被迫辞职并流亡国外。分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外还有谓语动词was forced,故此处需填入非谓语动词。根据固定搭配be forced to do sth. 译为被迫做某事,是固定搭配。故此处需填to resign

6

考查非谓语动词。句意:在接下来的十三年里,他走遍了各个国,总是希望找到一个机会来实现他的政治和社会改革的理想。分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外已有谓语动词traveled,所以此处需填非谓语动词。提示词hope和逻辑主语he表示主动关系。故填hoping

7

考查定语从句。句意:然而,他在任何地方都没有成功。最后,他年老时回到了鲁国,三年后死于公元前479年。分析句子,划线后从句的先行词为名词,故从句是定语从句。分析从句结构可知,从句部分缺状语。所以此处需用关系副词。从句的先行词是鲁国。故填where

8

考查主语从句。句意:更重要和独特的是孔子是中国的第一位私人教师。分析句子,划线处属于主语从句。分析成分可知,主语从句部分缺主语,所以引导词需要用连接代词。分析句意,此处缺什么之意 。故填What

9

考查名词复数。句意:按照传统,他有几千名学生,其中几十人成为著名的思想家。分析句子,thinker 译为思想家,是可数名词。此处需表示复数。故填thinkers

10

考查固定搭配。句意:他的思想被称为儒家思想,最著名的是由他的一些追随者编撰的《论语》。分析句子,(beknown as 是固定短语。译为被认为是;以而出名。此处be 动词被省略,用Known过去分词作状语。故填as

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