题目内容
Members of an elephant family may be out of sight but they are always in the minds of the herd’s matriarchs (象群的女家长), researchers have found.
Tests have found that female elephants are able to remember the whereabouts of at least 17 family members simultaneously and perhaps as many as 30. They watch which of their relations are ahead of them when the herd searches for food, which of them are lagging behind and which are traveling in separate groups.
Professor Richard Byrne, of the
Researchers tested the ability of African elephants to remember where each family member had got to. Elephants have poor eyesight but an excellent sense of smell and are able to identify (鉴别) one another from traces of urine (尿) on the ground.
To test the memories of the elephants, samples of urine-soaked earth were collected by researchers and placed in positions where a herd was about to pass. Observations showed that the animals exhibited surprise when they could detect the odor of a family member they knew was behind them. Interest was shown when the urine was that of a close relative traveling in the same group or in a separate herd, but samples left by unknown individuals were ignored.
The researchers, who reported their findings in the journal Biology Letters, concluded: “ It seems that female elephants have a general interest in monitoring family members with whom they are traveling. Elephants’ order of traveling often changes and overtaking is common, suggesting that elephants must frequently update their expectation of where others are in relation to themselves.”
73. According to the passage, female elephants .
A. are usually stronger than male elephants
B. usually stay at home while male elephants search for food
C. can remember where their family members are while traveling
D. can recognize the odor of human beings
74. The third paragraph is developed by .
A. space B. frequency C. time D. comparison
75. Elephants identify their family members mainly by using their .
A. eyes B. nose C. ears D. mouth
76. What’s the researchers’ conclusion about their findings?
A. Male elephants have no interest in other family members.
B. An elephant never goes to search for food alone.
C. Elephants don’t stay in the same order while traveling in groups.
D. Elephants’ abilities to survive are beyond our expectations.
Culture shock isn’t a clinical term or medical condition. It’s simply a common way to describe the confusing and nervous feelings a person have after leaving a familiar culture to live in a new and different culture.
It’s natural to have difficulty adjusting to a new culture. People from other cultures may have grown up with values and beliefs that differ from yours. Because of these differences，the things they talk about，the ways they express themselves and the importance of various ideas may be very different from what you are used to. But the good news is that culture shock is temporary.
What causes culture shock?
To understand culture shock，it helps to understand what culture is. You may know that genes determine a big part of how you look and act. What you might not know is that your environment has a big effect on your appearance and behavior as well.
Your environment isn’t just the air you breathe and the food you eat，though；a big part of your environment is culture. Culture is made up of the common things that members of a community learn from family，friends，media，literature，and even strangers. These are the things that influence how you look，act，and communicate. Often，you don’t even know you are learning these things because they become secondnature to you－for instance，the way you shake hands with someone，the kind of things you find funny，or how you view religions.
The differences between cultures can make it very difficult to adjust to the new surroundings. When you go to a new place，such as a new country or even a new city，you often enter a culture that is different from the one you left. Sometimes your culture and the new culture are similar. Sometimes，they can be very different. What might be perfectly normal in one culture－for example，spending hours eating a meal with your family－might be unusual in a culture that values a more fastpaced lifestyle.
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Culture 1.____________ |
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Definition |
?Culture shock is a kind of 2.__________people have when living in a new and different culture. ?Culture shock results from the difficulty people have in adjusting themselves to new surroundings. ?Culture shock is 3.____________. |
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4._____ |
?5.____________largely determine your appearance and behavior. ?Culture，an important part of 6.__________，has an influence on the way people look，act and communicate. ?The differences between cultures contribute to the difficulty in getting used to new surroundings，as something 7.____________in one culture seems unusual in another. |