题目内容

A castle is a type of fortified（加固的）structure built in Europe and the Middle East during the Middle Ages. This is different from a palace, which is no fortified-though there are many similarities among these types of construction. Usage of the term has varied over time and has been applied to diverse structures.

The European castles originated in the 9th and 10th centuries, resulting in its land divided among nobles. These nobles built castles to control the area surrounding them, and they were both offensive and defensive structures. Although army uses are often emphasized in castle studies, the structures also served as centres of administration and symbols of power. Urban castles were used to control the local people and important travel routes, and rural castles were often built near farmland.

Many castles were originally built from earth and wood, but had their defences supplanted later by stone. In the late 12th and early 13th centuries, scientific approaches to castle defence appeared, and could function to maximize the castle’s firepower. These changes in defence came from a mixture of castle technology. Although gunpowder was introduced to be built well into the 16th century, improved cannon（大炮）fire made them uncomfortable places to live in. As a result, true castles went into decline.

From the 18th century onwards, there was a renewed interest in castles with the construction of mock（仿造的）castles, part of a romantic revival（复活）of Gothic architecture, but they had no defensive purpose.

1.According to the first paragraph, we can know .

A. the palace is a fortified structure

B. the castle is different from the palace

C. the palace changed over time

D. the structures of the castle in different ages look the same.

2.what does the second paragraph mainly talk about?

A. Symbols of the European castles.

B. Functions of the European castles.

C. Influences of the European castles.

D. Characteristics of the European castles.

3.The underlined word “ supplanted ” in the third paragraph is closet in meaning to “ “.

A. produced B. saved C. protected D. replaced

4. What can be inferred from the river?

A. Castles have nothing in common with palaces.

B. Castles have a history of more than 1,000 years in Europe.

C. Castles were mainly used for defensive purposes after the 18th century.

D. The introduction of gunpowder instantly influenced castle building in Europe.

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文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线（_____），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The main purpose of newspapers are to provide news. If you examine newspapers closely, you will find there are all sort of news: accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news cover everything happens to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there is news which is very interested. A news report is usual short, except when it is very important, but has a plenty of information. It is also writing in short paragraph. The first paragraph is in fact a summary of the news. It gives all the necessary informations, what , when, where, how, and why.

阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Annie, a neighbor’s daughter, was away for her first semester （学期）at college this school year. She was a very sweet girl but just a bit shy. When her birthday came around, I found out she was feeling a bit ________ .

Her family was quite poor and ________ were tight, so there wouldn’t be any birthday visitors. I wanted to________ her a card and maybe a small ________ to brighten her day a bit. I got her school ________ from her mom and planned to pick something up. Then I got a (n) ________ !

I ________ perhaps a bit more birthday cheer was needed here. I bought some balloons, birthday hats, and________novelties (新颖小巧而廉价的物品) at a store. I took a small ________and asked three other people in my area at work to ________ Happy Birthday and send some birthday wishes to her. It was such fun making the recording! Other people ________ what we were doing and________their voices, so it really sounded like we had a party going on!

Then I bought her a small present and a card as ________planned. The real fun was packing them to be sent. I ________ everything so it was like opening a mini birthday party! At the last minute I added a pack of cupcakes and a box of birthday candles ________ sending them off. I got a call a few days later. Annie said her roommates and one of their neighbors in the ________ got together with her and held a party for her the moment they arrived. She sounded so________ and I was so glad that she had some friends to ________ her special day with.

It was such an easy and ________thing to do. The people who helped me make the tape still laugh and talk about it. And Annie ________me it was the most fun birthday she would remember!

1.A.nervous B. alone C. lonely D. worried

2.A. thought B. measure C. money D. time

3.A.send B. sell C. provide D. draw

4.A.remark B.debate C.apology D. gift

5.A. number B. campus C.report D. address

6.A. idea B. surprise C. chance D. message

7.A. decided B.thought C. wished D. concluded

8.A. another B. other C. others D. one

9.A. recorder B. camera C. radio D. phone

10.A. beg B. make C. repeat D. sing

11.A. took out B. pick out C. found out D.let off

12.A. added B. devoted C. overcame D. drilled

13.A. suddenly B. finally C. originally D. carefully

14.A. collected B. arranged C.decreased D. expected

15.A. until B. after C. unless D. before

16.A. office B. home C. Classroom D. dormitory

17.A. familiar B. happy C. wonderful D. upset

18.A. help B. compare C.avoid D. share

19.A. interesting B. challenging C. funny D. greedy

20.A. warned B. told C.pretended D. advised

Alibaba has become China’s largest online commercial company，______ a profit of 1.47 billion yuan in 2010.

A．earnsB．earning

C．earnedD．to have earned

阅读理解

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

How much do you hate waiting for another beer in a crowded bar? Josh Goodman invented a pretty obvious solution —self-service beer taps. Goodman, 36, recalled the exact moment in late 2008 when his frustration boiled over. "I was hanging out with my friends at a Baltimore sports bar before an Orioles(金莺队) game," he said. "We just couldn't get another beer served to us quickly."

Even more than annoyed, Goodman was struck by how much money the bar must be losing. Almost immediately, he got to work on a self-service beer concept. Within a few months, Goodman had launched Pour My Beer in Chicago (where he'd relocated to be with his wife).

He invested （投资）$20,000 of his own funds and partnered with a U.S. manufacturer to make beer tables with two to four self-service taps. In February 2009, Goodman landed his first client（客户）: A Baltimore tavern. He spent the next two years growing the business and adding more bars and restaurants. In 2011, Pour My Beer introduced self-service "beer walls," which let people pour their own beer from taps on a wall.

Pour My Beer has expanded to over 200 restaurants and bars in 28 states and Canada. The concept will roll out in Chicago's O'Hare International Airport this week and in Italy and Brazil later this year. The tables start at $4,000 and the beer walls cost as much as $16,000. It generated more than $400,000 in sales in 2013 and doubled that in 2014. Goodman expects to take in close to $2 million in revenue this year(2015) —which would make it the company's first profitable（赚钱的）year. "Our business customers tell us that they've cut down on waste and they're selling twice as much beer on average," said Goodman.

1.The underlined phrase “boiled over” in Paragraph 1 probably means__________.

A. came to an end B. was extremely unbearable

C. threw up D. was too hot

2. Josh Goodman decided to invent the self-service beer taps when__________.

A. His friends advised him to do so.

B. He realized the loss in waiting for beers.

C. He set up Pour My Beer in Chicago.

D. His company started to make profits.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Goodman was a businessman before he invented the self-service beer taps.

B. Pour My Beer has expanded to over 200 restaurants in 28 states and Australia.

C. Goodman did his business all by himself at first.

D. Goodman’s company will make more profits in the future.

4.Which of the following can best describe Josh Goodman?

A. far-sighted B. strong-willed

C. kind-hearted D. bad-tempered

All the people present at the meeting felt _______ at the ______ decision announced by the manager.

A. shocked; shocking B. shocking; shocked

C. shocking; shocking D. shocked; shocked

Very soon a computer will be able to teach you English. It will also be able to translate any language for you，too. It's just one more incredible result of the development of microprocessors - those tiny parts of a computer commonly known as "silicon chips". So give up going to classes, stop buying more textbooks and relax. In a couple of years you won't need the international language of English.

Already Texas Instruments in the United States is developing an electronic translation machine. Imagine a Spanish secretary, for example, who wants to type a letter from the boss to a businessman in Sweden. All he or she will have to do is this: first type the letter in Spanish. The letter will appear on a television screen. After a few seconds the translated letter will appear on another television screen in Stockholm in perfect Swedish.

And that's not all. Soon a computer will be able to teach you English, if you really want to learn the language. You'll sit in front of a television screen and practice endless structures. The computer will tell you when you are correct and when you are wrong. It will even talk to you because the silicon chips can change electrical impulses into sounds. And clever programmers can predict the responses you, the learner, are likely to make.

So think of it．You will be able to teach yourself at your own pace．You will waste very little time，and you can work at home．And if after all that，you still can't speak English，you can always use the translating machine．In a few years，therefore，perhaps there will be no need for BBC Modern English，or BBC English by Radio programmes - no more textbooks or teachers of English．Instead of buying an exciting new textbook，the computer will ask you to replace it with a microprocessor．Fast，reliable and efficient language learning and translating facilities will be available to you．Think of that，no more tears or embarrassing moments．One little problem is that a computer can't laugh yet - but the scientists are working on it．Happy learning！

1.According to the writer, "you won't need the international language of English" because _____.

A. learning English will no longer be a difficult task

B. textbooks are no longer necessary

C. it's better to buy a computer than to go to classes

D. the computer will be able to translate any language for you

2.You will _____ if you use a computer to learn the language.

A. waste much of your time

B. speak better English

C. need no translating machine

D. do everything at your own pace

3.This passage is mainly about _____

A. someone who learns English with the help of a computer

B. the computer teaching the language

C. fast, reliable and efficient language learning

D. what language learning could be like when computerized

—Mr．Wang is a man of few words，but quick in minD．

— ，you know.

A． A single flower does not make a spring

B． A man of words and not of deeds is like a garden full of weeds

C． A still tongue makes a wise head

D． A great talker is a great liar

Years ago a farmer owned land along the Atlantic. He constantly advertised for hired hands. Most people werr not willing to work on farms along the Atlantic because they worried about the terrible storms that would destroy buildings and crops. The farmer received a steady stream of refusals at the interview for a farmhand.

Finally, a short, thin man approached the farmer. “Are you a good farmhand?” the farmer asked him.

“Well, I can sleep when the wind blows. ” answered the little man.

Although puzzled by this answer ，the farmer, desperate for help, hired him. The little man worked well around the farm ，busy from dawn to dusk, and the farmer felt satisfied with the man's work.

Then one night the wind howled loudly from offshore. Jumping out of bed，the farmer grabbed a lantern and rushed next door to the hired hand’s sleeping quarters. He shook the little man and yelled， “ Get up! A storm is coming! Tie things down before they are blown away! ”

The little man rolled over in bed and said firmly, “No sir. I told you, I can sleep when the wind blows. ”

Enraged (激怒）by the response, the farmer was tempted to fire him on the spot . Instead, he hurried outside to prepare for the storm. To his amazement，he discovered that all of the hay had been covered. The cows were in the barn，the chickens were in the coops，and the doors were barred. The shutters were tightly secured. Everything was tied down. Nothing could be blown away.

The farmer then understood what his hired hand meant, so he also returned to his bed to sleep while the wind was still blowing.

1.Why did the farmer constantly advertise for hired hands?

A. Because he needed hired hands all the year round.

B. Because there was too much work to do on the farm.

C. Because he could hardly hire a farmhand.

D. Because he offered poor conditions for the hired hands.

2. The farmer felt amazed because _______.

A. the little man was sleeping

B. everything was in safety

C. the wind was too strong

D. he could not open the doors

3. What did the man mean by saying “I can sleep when the wind blows” ?

A. He needed much sleep after working hard on the farm.

B. He was very brave and not afraid of wind

C. He enjoyed sleeping when the wind blew.

D. He would get everything done before the wind blew.

4.Which of the following statements about the little man is TRUE?

A. He was not afraid of storms.

B. He was a heavy sleeper under any condition.

C. He was hard-working and devoted to his work.

D. He was fired shortly after he tied everything down.

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