题目内容

阅读理解。

Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against malaria (疟疾). This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.

Tu shared the prize with Irish?born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti?roundworm treatment. 84?year?old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients' suffering and promoting mankind's health. Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu's dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin (青蒿素), the key drug that battles malaria?friendly parasites (寄生虫).

However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional. She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn't have a medical degree or a PhD. In China, she is even being called the “three?noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she's never worked overseas. No wonder her success has stirred China's national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists.

The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all. One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research. There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life. Their contributions can never be ignored. They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one.

As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu's record?breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success. Science is never about instant success. Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged. There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get.

1.We can know from the text that ________.

A．Tu worked at home and abroad to conduct her research

B．Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti?roundworm treatment

C．the Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her work

D．her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut malaria death rate

2.The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with________.

A．a sense of national pride

B．relevant academic knowledge

C．a desire to achieve success

D．enthusiasm for scientific research

3.In writing the passage, the author intends to________.

A．inform readers of the news and make comments

B．discourage the pursuit of instant success in science

C．remind readers of the principles of scientific research

D．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research

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It was with his iron-fist approach to fighting crimes in the southern state _______the 70-year-old man built a political name.

A. to fighting, where B. of fighting, that

C. of fighting, where D. to fighting, that

阅读理解。

Students wishing to safeguard their careers against changes in the job market should opt for science rather than arts degrees, according to a survey of undergraduates.

Engineering and chemistry were considered to be the most “future proof”， as they are courses most likely to lead to an enduring and adaptable career.

Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses would prepare them for a world in which the job market could change dramatically during their working lives.

But opinion was sharply divided over which degrees were best for future?proof careers.

Eighty?two percent of respondents believed engineering would help develop future?proof skills, with 74 percent believing the same of chemistry and 73 percent of computer science.

But just 33 percent of undergraduates believed history would lead to a future?proof career, and 40 percent English.

However more than two thirds of students (67 percent) thought the world of work would be significantly different or completely unrecognizable in 20 years.

The findings, published today, come after Education Secretary Nicky Morgan sparked controversy with claims that teenagers should steer clear of the arts and humanities and opt for science or maths subjects if they want to access the widest range of jobs.

She said that in previous decades students would only take maths or science if they wanted to pursue a specific career such as medicine or pharmacy, but nowadays that “couldn't_be_further_from_the_truth”.

“If you wanted to do something different, or even if you didn't know what you wanted to do ... then the arts and humanities were what you chose. Because they were useful — we were told — for all kinds of jobs. Of course now we know that couldn't be further from the truth, and that the subjects that keep young people's options open and unlock doors to all sorts of careers are the STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects.”

She also described maths as “the subject that employers value most” and said that pupils who study A?level maths will earn 10 percent more over their lifetime.

“These figures show us that too many young people are making choices aged 15 which will hold them back for the rest of their lives.”she said.

1.In order to guarantee your future job, which kind of courses will you choose according to the survey?

A．Engineering or English.

B．History or Maths.

C．Maths or Art.

D．Engineering or Chemistry.

2.What's the students' attitude towards their chosen courses?

A．Doubtful. B．Worried.

C．Optimistic. D．Objective.

3.How do you understand the underlined words?

A．It is far away from the truth.

B．It's to the truth.

C．It couldn't be closer to the truth.

D．It reflects the truth.

4.What did Nicky Morgan indicate in her claim?

A．If you want to do something different, the arts and humanities are what you choose now.

B．STEM subjects can make young people choose their future jobs freely.

C．At college, young people should make choices for their lives.

D．Maths and science are considered to be the subjects that employers value most.

阅读理解。

The saying “a penny for your thoughts” is an English idiom simply asking people to volunteer their opinions on an issue being discussed. In modern usage, it is often stated as an indirect way of asking what someone is thinking about.

This phrase is basically a proposal (提议), and the speaker is offering to pay to hear the listener's thoughts. It is an idiom, of course, and not meant literally (字面上地) so no real payment generally takes place.

When the saying originated, a penny was worth a lot more than it is in the 21st century.Therefore, “a penny for your thoughts” likely indicated the thoughts were more valuable to those asking the listener for them than they are by today's standards. This loss of value can be used ironically (讽刺地), however, through tone (语气) of voice; it can be used to indicate that someone's idea is bad or worth a penny in modern value.

The phrase is generally credited to a man by the name of John Heywood, who was born sometime just before the 16th century. During his life, he was a writer who penned many plays and a book in 1546, later known as The Proverbs of John Heywood. It is likely that Heywood did not actually come up with the phrase “a penny for your thoughts”. Rather, he was simply the first person to have set the phrase down in written form. The actual origins of the term are unknown, and since his book was simply a collection of common idioms and expressions, it was probably familiar to people in the mid 1500s.

Another phrase similar to “a penny for your thoughts”is offering “your two cents” after making a statement. Someone might give his or her opinion and then say, “that's my two cents，” to indicate the value of his or her idea. While, much like a penny, “two cents” is relatively low in value now, it would have been more valuable at one time and the expression is used in much the same way.

1.When someone says “a penny for your thoughts”， he or she________.

A．wants to ask you for advice

B．considers your thoughts unique

C．is curious about what's on your mind

D．will pay for what you're thinking about

2.The modern meaning of “a penny for your thoughts” ________.

A．is more closely connected to the value of the penny

B．can differ greatly according to a speaker's tone of voice

C．can confuse the listener easily

D．is more popularly accepted

3.In what way is Heywood related to the phrase “a penny for your thoughts”？

A．He came up with it while he was writing.

B．He helped to explain the origins of it.

C．He contributed to the wide use of it.

D．He was the first person to use it.

4.What do we know about the phrase “your two cents”？

A．It is usually used at the end of a statement.

B．It comes from “a penny for your thoughts”．

C．It has witnessed some changes since the 16th century.

D．It is more familiar to people than “a penny for your thoughts”．

完形填空。

Landmark College recently put in an additional five speed bumps (减速带), now bringing the number of speed bumps to ten on campus (校园). My guess for __________ they added more speed bumps is either the administration felt that the students were __________ too fast, or maybe they just wanted to give us a bumpy ride to annoy us.

One may ____________ that the speed bumps they ____________ will just improve safety and decrease __________， and it does keep cars at a slow speed and gives pedestrians the ____________ they need for ____________ the road to get to class. __________， adding too many speed bumps could turn a safety precaution to a danger. The speed bumps down the hill are becoming a ____________. For example, driving over the speed bumps __________ causing wear and tear on a car. I foresee a future problem happening when it starts to ____________. With snow and ice on the ground, some cars may have difficulty ___________ for these speed bumps on the hill. If ice was on the ground, it is very likely that a driver may lose control and ____________ the bumpy hill.

The administrators who ordered the speed bumps should reach out and talk it out with the students who have to ____________ the speed bumps every day, and ask ____________ any damage or problems have occurred already.

Lately, students have been ____________ anything in their power to avoid as many speed bumps as possible. Some students have even damaged a speed bump or two, but it would be ____________ hours later.

It's no surprise that students at Landmark College are ____________ with the new addition, and with so many students getting angry with the ___________， we could finally get the word out and get the administration to make a ____________.

1.A.why B．how C．when D．where

2.A.running B．speaking C．driving D．walking

3.A.agree B．decide C．imagine D．ignore

4.A.destroyed B．added C．recommended D．needed

5.A.weight B．speeding C．spending D．crime

6.A.quality B．efficiency C．performance D．safety

7.A.designing B．building C．crossing D．watching

8.A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides

9.A.problem B．form C．tool D．rule

10.A.keeps off B．stands for C．results from D．ends up

11.A.rain B．clear C．snow D．cool

12.A.coming down B．slowing down C．settling down D．calming down

13.A.wait for B．stare at C．care about D．slide down

14.A.use B．repair C．check D．remember

15.A.until B．unless C．if D．since

16.A.refusing B．doing C．hugging D．keeping

17.A.painted B．replaced C．covered D．studied

18.A.busy B．friendly C．careful D．displeased

19.A.goal B．standard C．situation D．comment

20.A.change B．plan C．promise D．wish

阅读理解。

Many of the world's countries have reached or are approaching zero population growth (ZPG). Nearly all such lands are economically well developed. They include much of Europe (including Russia), the United States, Canada, Japan, and Australia. As the rate of natural increase (RNI) declines, two things happen. First, the population begins to decline if the loss is not balanced by immigration. Second, a country's population ages because there are fewer births.

Is achieving ZPG good or bad? What happens when a country's population begins to drop? Many people, after all, believe that population decline is a good thing. But is it good for everyone? Does everyone agree?

An aging population can create many problems. Senior citizens require more health care and medical attention. Rather than paying into retirement programs, they begin to draw from their pensions. In the US, the Social Security program, according to many experts, will be used up by 2018. It will pay out more money than it takes in. Additionally, a great number of jobs go begging in search of people willing or able to do them. Many of these jobs are entry?level positions that pay low wages. With an aging population, who will fill them? At the other extreme, some positions require a large number of training and highly specialized skills. Who will fill these positions as retirees leave the workforce?

The answer to the problem of declining and aging population is simple: increased migration. Today many people, particularly those from less developed countries, are migrating in search of employment. Many are willing to take jobs that cannot (or will not) be filled by the_domestic_population. Others are well educated and highly skilled. Both groups contribute to a country's economy progress in many ways. Further, they add to the richness of a country's culture. Of greatest importance, perhaps, is the fact that they have become absolutely necessary to the economy of many lands. As you can see, for many countries and for most immigrants, migration is a win?win situation.

1.In the writer's view, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Not everyone agrees that achieving ZPG is absolutely good.

B．Achieving ZPG is every country's aim in spite of its side effects.

C．Achieving ZPG is bad for senior citizens.

D．Achieving ZPG is good for employment.

2.According to the passage, the best way to solve the problem of declining and aging population is ________.

A．to improve the health care system

B．to increase RNI

C．to increase employment

D．to increase migration

3.The underlined words “the domestic population” can be replaced by ________.

A．people within the country

B．people from developing countries

C．people without a college education

D．people living abroad

4.The main idea of the last paragraph is ________.

A．the advantages of increased migration

B．the problem of declining and aging population

C．how to increase migration

D．some ways to enrich a country's culture

阅读理解

Three?dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States. Three?D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue.

Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have been working on creating and manufacturing living tissue since 2003. This process is called biofabrication (生物制造). It requires special printing equipment and a special kind of ink.

Traditional printers require ink to produce an image or design on a piece of paper. For their three?D printer, the South Carolina researchers prepare complex nutritious solutions they call bio?inks. Bio?inks are made of proteins and glucose (葡萄糖), which normally provides energy for most cells of the body. The researchers also add living cells taken from the animal that will receive the new, printed tissue. The bio?inks are then added to a device that researchers call the Palmetto bio?printer.

Sarah Grace Dennis is one of the researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina. She says new technology, like the Palmetto bio?printer, is a great help to the biofabrication process.

The bio?inks are placed in three dispensers (分配器), containers, inside the printer. Lasers control both the position of the printing surface and the places where the bio?ink is released.

Michael Yost is a leader of the research team. He says the printing process is fully automated — machine?operated. He says that the Palmetto bio?printer makes it possible to create complex tissue types.

The researchers say bio?printing is still experimental. But they hope in a few years they may be able to print tissue to replace damaged human organs.

But there are still some problems which need to be solved. Some scientists worry about how to get blood to the replacement tissue. The flow of blood is important to keep the printed tissue alive.

Michael Yost hopes that more people will believe in the benefits of biofabrication.

“Tissue biofabrication is a reality, and it is a reality now, and if you come here and you get to see it. You will get to see it. You can't touch it, but you will see it and think this is real. And this is really human.”

1.What can we know about the bio?inks?

A．They are the necessities of bio?printing.

B．They only contain proteins and glucose.

C．They can be placed in the traditional printers.

D．They are available in our local drugstores.

2.Which of the following is one of the concerns with biofabrication?

A．Researchers can't find enough living cells of animals to make the bio?inks.

B．The price of the bio?printer is too high and most people can't afford it.

C．Scientists have some difficulty in getting the blood to the replacement tissue.

D．People are worried about the safety of the biofabrication process.

3.According to Michael Yost, we can infer that ________.

A．the Palmetto bio?printer can work without power

B．the Palmetto bio?printer has been used to treat the patients

C．the Palmetto bio?printer can only be found in the United States

D．the Palmetto bio?printer will have a bright future in medical use

4.The passage mainly tells us about ________.

A．the three?D printer and its working principles

B．the bio?inks and their use in bio?printing

C．the spread use of the bio?printer in the USA

D．the growing demand for biofabrication

阅读理解。

Years ago, when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries, I_1. (live) in the heart of a city. The rent for my apartment was really cheap 2. it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. People who visited me used to ask me 3. I could sleep. “Doesn't the sound of the traffic bother you? How can you get used to _4. much noise？” You see, there were also rows and rows of shops and bars playing loud music day and night and my apartment was above a really loud and noisy 5.. But I found it all fascinating. If I were ever short6. cash and couldn't afford to do anything much, which in those days was usually the case, I could always go outside and take 7. look around. You see, there were always a great number of tourists visiting the shops, so I could always find someone 8.(interest) to talk with. And Joe, the owner of the bar below me, could always give me a little money to survive on in exchange for _9._ (do) a few odd jobs for him. At the time, I suppose, I thought I was poor. Sometimes, we don't realize how _10. (fortune) we are, do we?

We get it: You’re tired. You’re busy. And your shoes are away over there. Excuses are OK sometimes, but not every day—and especially not today. So put on your sneakers, get up off the couch, and let us kick your excuses to the curb (路边).

“I…dislike…panting !”

Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon, which will kill your confidence. But you don’t have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout. Being active doesn't have to mean high-intensity. It’s just about moving.

“I hate exercise.”

It may seem unbearable, but you just have to get started. Exercise releases endorphins (your brain’s own feel-good chemicals), which can be habit-forming. What’ s the best exercise? The one you’ll do regularly. So you may hate running. Don’t run! Ride your bike or just dance. Even cleaning your room is active. As long as you’re moving and getting your blood pumping, it counts. So get creative.

“I don’t have time.”

You may not have lots of time to spare when you’re busy with schoolwork, but we bet you can find 10 minutes. Bonus: An activity break will send oxygen to your brain, making you super-alert and more creative too. Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings," and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

“I never see results!”

Even if you train with the help of a professional, you won’t see results right away. But you will feel them almost immediately. Don’t focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel. Keep a journal of when you exercise (or don’t) and how you feel that day: Stressed? Focused? Tired? When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise, you’ll have no excuses.

1.The underlined part “huffing and puffing” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “_________”.

A. moving around B. breathing heavily

C. feeling confident D. wearing nice shoes

2.In the author’s eyes, the best exercise is the one that _________.

A. is very relaxing B. you will stick to

C. produces good results D. you can spare time on

3.Steve Jobs is mentioned to prove that doing exercise__________.

A. is good for one’s figure

B. is good for one’s health

C. makes one much happier

D. makes one more productive

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