Question

【题目】 Typically, a person sitting in the driver's seat of a car opens the door with the hand closest to it. It makes sense since doors are designed to be opened that way. Pull the handle(把手) and immediately the door is open. But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may create an obstacle(阻碍) for a passing cyclist without knowing it. Then the cyclist will be sent falling off the bike, and the car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle.

The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic. Luckily, there's a simple way to solve the problem: the Dutch reach. In other words, instead of using your left hand, reach for the door latch(门锁) with your right hand. This will force you to turn your body and look into your side view mirror to see whether any car or bike is coming.

'It's just what Dutch people do,' said Fred Wegman, the former managing director of the National Institute for Road Safety Research in the Netherlands. 'All the Dutch are taught it. It's part of regular driver education.'

The technique dates back about 50 or 60 years, and it was very popular between the 1960s and the 1980s. But it didn't really become known as the Dutch reach until American physician named Michael Charney started the Dutch Reach Project in 2016 in an effort to popularize the practice in the United States. According to The Times, he was motivated by the death of a 27-year-old who rode into an open car door and died just five blocks from his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Charney's efforts may be paying off. Both Massachusetts and Illinois now include the Dutch reach in their drivers’ manuals(手册).

【1】What is the first paragraph intended to show?

A.The poor design of the car door and handle.

B.A common conflict between cars and bicycles.

C.A main cause of traffic accidents related to cyclists.

D.Possible risks connected with opening the car door.

【2】What does the underlined word 'instinctual' in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.DifficultB.Possible

C.NaturalD.Dangerous

【3】How does the Dutch reach help to reduce traffic accidents?

A.By making the person open the car door more easily.

B.By forcing the person to check for approaching traffic.

C.By reminding the person of the traffic lights frequently.

D.By helping the person see the side view mirror more clearly.

【4】What made Charney introduce the Dutch reach into America?

A.Its popularity among Dutch people.

B.Its appearance in drivers’ manuals.

C.A project started in the year 2016.

D.The death caused by a traffic accident.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】B

【4】D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"Dutch reach"不是一个新的舞蹈动作，也不是一个随机的YouTube挑战。这是一个简单的动作，可以帮助防止对骑自行车的人造成伤害。在这个过程中，你也可以保证车门的安全。

【1】

主旨大意题。根据第一段的But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may create an obstacle for a passing cyclist without knowing it. Then the cyclist will be sent falling off the bike, and the car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle. (但如果你碰巧在错误的时间这样做，你可能会在不知情的情况下给经过的骑车人制造障碍，然后骑车人会从自行车上摔下来，车门很可能会被快速行驶的自行车损坏。)可知，本段主要说明了错误的开车门会导致事故。D. Possible risks connected with opening the car door.(与开车门相关的潜在危险)符合以上说法，故选D项。

【2】

词义猜测题．根据划线词所在句子The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic.可知，车门的设计和长期的习惯使得这个过程是instinctual，但很明显，解决方法是让下车的人检查交通状况。根据句意，尤其是long-time habits 可推测划线部分的意思是“本能的”。C. Natural(自然而然的)符合以上猜测，故选C项。

【3】

细节理解题。根据第二段的The car door design and long-time habits have made the process instinctual but clearly the solution is for the person getting out of the vehicle to check for traffic．(车门的设计和长期的使用习惯使得这个过程是本能的，但很明显，解决办法是让下车的人检查交通)可知，荷兰人为了减少交通事故，需要强迫要下车的人检查接近的车辆。B. By forcing the person to check for approaching traffic.(通过强迫人们去检查来临的车辆)符合以上说法，故选B项。

【4】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的According to The Times, he was motivated by the death of a 27-year-old who rode into an open car door and died just five blocks from his home in Cambridge， Massachusetts．(据《泰晤士报》报道，他的动机来自于一名27岁男子的死亡，他骑上一扇敞开的车门，在离马萨诸塞州剑桥市家只有5个街区的地方去世。)可知，交通事故造成的死亡使查尼把荷式开门法引入美国。D. The death caused by a traffic accident.(一场交通事故造成的死亡)符合以上说法，故选D项。