题目内容

Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins (维生素). The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
小题1:The underlined word “cure” in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
A．a medical treatment B．a kind of vitaminC．a kind of germD．a kind of rice
小题2:Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______.
A．spend his holiday
B．find ways to grow better crops
C．do some research about the island
D．help the Javanese with their illness
小题3:Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?
A．To eat them.
B．To carry out his experiments.
C．To give the Javanese a surprise.
D．To make money by selling them.
小题4:If a person doesn’t get enough vitamins in his diet, he’d better ______.
A．eat more riceB．eat more meatC．eat some chicken D．eat vitamin pills
小题5:We can learn from the passage that ______.
A．beri-beri was caused by chickens
B．the Javanese didn’t like vitamins
C．Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful
D．the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ

小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D
小题5:C

试题分析：本文讲述Christian Eijkman医生在爪哇的一个岛上为当地人治病时，拿鸡做试验发现缺乏事物中的某些物质会导致人或动物生病的原理，从而发现维生素会防止某些疾病的故事。
小题1:推理题：根据第一段内容可知岛上的人生病了，医生去那里找治愈的方法，常识可知治病即用医学手段使人身体恢复健康。故选A。
小题2:细节题：根据第一段种“Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.”岛上许多人得了一种叫做beri-beri的疾病。他去那里试着寻找治愈方法。故选D。
小题3:细节题：根据第二段中“. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them.”他不吃它们，而是拿它们做实验。故选B。
小题4:细节题：根据最后一句“If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.”如果他们不能从食物中吃到足够的维生素，他们也可以吃维生素丸。故选D。
小题5:推理题：通过阅读全文可知Christian Eijkman医生通过给鸡喂精炼米和糙米，对比出当鸡缺少食物中的某种物质而生病，从而发现了维生素的作用，由此可知医生的试验是成功的。故选C。
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Grandpa Nybakken loved life—especially when he could play a trick on somebody. At those times, his large Norwegian frame shook with laughter while he pretended innocent surprise, exclaiming, “Oh, forevermore!” But on a cold Saturday in downtown Chicago, Grandpa felt that God played a trick on him, and grandpa wasn’t laughing.
Grandpa worked as a carpenter. On this particular day, he was building some boxes for the clothes his church was sending to an orphanage abroad. On his way home, he reached into his shirt pocket to find his glasses, but they were gone. He remembered putting them there that morning, so he drove back to the church. His search proved fruitless.
Suddenly, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket unnoticed and fallen into one of the boxes, which he had nailed shut. His brand new glasses were heading for China!
The Great Depression was at its height, and Grandpa had six children. He had spent twenty dollars for those glasses that very morning.
“It’s not fair,” he told God as he drove home in frustration. “I’ve been very faithful in giving of my time and money to your work, and now this.”
Several months later, the director of the orphanage was on vacation in the United States. He wanted to visit all the churches that supported him, so he came to speak on Sunday night at my grandfather’s small church in Chicago. Grandpa and his family sat in their usual seats among the small congregation(教堂会众).
“But most of all,” he said, “I must thank you for the glasses you sent last year.”
“Even if I had the money, there was simply no way of replacing those glasses. Along with not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day, so my co-workers and I were much in prayer about this. Then your boxes arrived. When my staff removed the covers, they found a pair of glasses lying on the top.” After a long pause, he continued, “Folks, when I tried on the glasses, it was as though they had been custom-made just for me! I want to thank you for being a part of that!”
The people listened, happy for the amazing glasses. But the director surely must have confused their church with another, they thought, there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent overseas.
But sitting quietly in the back, with tears streaming down his face, an ordinary carpenter realized the Master Carpenter had used him in an extraordinary way.
(  ) 56. Which of the following is NOT true about Grandpa Nybakken according to the passage?
A. He was an outgoing man and held an active attitude towards life.
B. He had a large family to support.
C. He was a carpenter working in the church.
D. He was a loyal Christian.
(  ) 57. Grandpa spent much of his time and money in church mainly to ________.
A. help the priest do some religious work
B. help those people in need
C. make some woodwork for the church
D. seek some help from God
(  ) 58. The people in the church but Grandpa felt confused at what the director said because ________.
A. Grandpa didn’t tell the director that he was the owner of the glasses
B. the director wanted to return the glasses even though he liked it
C. the director could not get such glasses in their own country
D. the glasses were not included in the donation list
(  ) 59. Who does “the Master Carpenter” in the last paragraph probably refer to?
A. Grandpa’s master.                   B. One of Grandpa’s friends.  
C. God.                      D. Grandpa’s co-worker.
(  ) 60. Which can be the best title of the passage?
A. Grandfather’s life                      B. The Helpful Donation
C. The Perfect Mistake                     D. An Impressive Speech
    Feel tired lately?Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you?Perhaps he sends you to a hospital,but all the advanced equipment there shows there is nothing wrong with you.
Then,consider this:you might be in a state of sub-health(亚健康).
Sub-health,also called the third state or gray state,is explained as borderline state between health and disease.
According to the investigation by the National Organization,over 45 percent of sub-health people are middle-aged or elderly.The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam-week.
Symptoms(征兆)include a lack of energy,depression,slow reactions,insomnia(失眠),agitation, and poor memory.Other symptoms include shortness of breath,sweating and aching in the waist and legs.
The key to preventing and recovering from sub-health,according to some medical experts,is to form good living habits, alternate work and rest, exercise regularly,and take part in open air activities.
As for meals,people are advised to eat less salt and sugar.They should also eat more fresh vegetables,fruits,fish because they are rich in nutritional elements—vitamins and trace elements(微量元素)—that are important to the body.
Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive tract(消化道).They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding sub-health.
小题1:When you are in a state of sub-health,you should ________.
A．stay home and keep silent
B．go to a doctor and buy some medicine
C．not consider it very serious
D．find out the reasons and relax yourself
小题2:Middle-aged people may be easy to get sub-health because ________.
A．they have used up their energy
B．they have lost their living hopes
C．they have more pressure in life and work
D．they have changed their way of life
小题3:The key to preventing you from falling into a state of sub-health is to ________.
A．keep on working regularlyB．go to sleep a bit earlier
C．form good living habitsD．take medicine if necessary
小题4:The underlined word “alternate” in this passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A．arrange by turnsB．cause to take place
C．make up forD．keep away from
The Healthy Habits Survey shows that only about one third of American seniors(年长者) have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1.How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding：About 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 kinds of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery-operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2.How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number that doctors advise.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day-often inviting germs（病菌）to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes. Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3. How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge（海绵）that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
小题1:What is found out about American seniors?
A．Most of them have good habits.
B．Nearly 30% of them bathe three days a week .
C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected .
D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day
小题2:Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands _________.
A．twice a dayB．three times a day
C．four times a dayD．eight times a day
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A．We should stop touching our faces.
B．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet.
C．There are less than 300 kinds of bacteria in the mouth.
D．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle.
Beijing, April 2----Starting from this year, the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. With this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. They will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. If people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. If community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. Liang Wan, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, made the statement last Friday .
In addition ,the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . The home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. They will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .
The work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in Beijing. The disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in Beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . These workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. It is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in Beijing .
小题1:Where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?
A．The community clinics.B．Large hospital .
C．Private clinic .D．Small hospital .
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident.
B．The home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid.
C．Some funds will be provided by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau for home medical service training.
D．The government aims to offer the home medical service for free.
小题3:If you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _____________.
A．receive the training about medical service.
B．pass related examinations.
C．obtain the work certificates.
D．All the above.
小题4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．All communities in Beijing have started home medical service.
B．People in Beijing will not easily get ill.
C．Medical service in Beijing will be promoted greatly in the future.
D．The other cities in China should learn from Beijing.
LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology professor is researching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.
“The hate we hold within us is a cancer.” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than 70 people have become volunteers in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian-born Hart.
The students meet in each group of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with a director every two weeks.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. “People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said, “People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.”
Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidances on how to look at all kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with,” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.
Hart said, “I believe forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people want to get free of the past.”
小题1:From this passage we know that ________.
A．without hate, people will have less trouble connected with blood pressure and heart disease
B．people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
C．high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
D．high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hate
小题2:If you are angry with somebody, you should ________.
A．attend Hart’s course
B．persuade him or her to have a positive talk with you
C．never meet him or her any longer
D．treat him or her positively instead of negatively
小题3:In Hart’s first 20-week workshop, people there can ________.
A．meet their enemies
B．change their attitudes
C．enjoy the professor’s teaching
D．learn how to quarrel with others
小题4:If you are a volunteer in Hart’s workshop, you’ll ________.
A．meet in eight or ten groups
B．get rid of the illness of cancer
C．attend a gathering twice a month
D．pour out everything stored in your mind
小题5:The author wrote this passage in order to________.
A．persuade Britons to go to Hart’s workshop
B．tell us the news about Hart’s research
C．tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s
D．help us to look at all kinds of angers
How often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing? The usual answer these days is“never” or “hardly ever”. As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
Stress is a natural part of everyday life. There is no way to avoid it, since it takes many and varied forms-driving in traffic, problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stress. Stress, in fact, is not the “baddy” it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make a choice between “fight” or “fright” and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life and death. The crisis we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. All the energy is shifted to cope with the stress. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.
Stress in some people produces stomach disorders, while others experience tension headaches. Since we cannot remove stress from our 1ives, We need to find ways to cope with it.
小题1:People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because      .
A．they are working harder than they used to
B．they are often too busy to find the time
C．they are not clear of how to relax by themselves
D．they are suffering from the effects of stress
小题2:What is implied but not stated in the passage?
A．The art of relaxation can greatly help people bear stress.
B．People in primitive days know certain ways to deal with stress.
C．If one gets into the habit of relaxing every day he can overcome stress easily.
D．Stress can lead to serious health problem if one is exposed to it for too long.
小题3:The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 suggests that      .
A．stress is not always a bad thing for people
B．stress has a bad reputation of causing ill health
C．stress is not so terrible as people often believe it to be
D．stress is always harmful to people all the time
小题4:According to this passage, which of the following statements is true?
A．Relaxation in life only benefits us mentally.
B．Different people can stand different amounts of stress.
C．All the stress can lead to poor performance.
D．Large amounts of stress is important to people's lire.
小题5:What is the writer's attitude to stress according to the passage?
A．Stress as well as relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.
B．Stress should not be rid completely from the life.
C．Stress produces both positive and negative effects on people.
D．People usually work better under stress if they are healthy.
ASK any group of teenagers in the UK what they most like to eat, and foods like pizzas, curries, pasta, burgers and chips are bound to get a mention – and many young people would probably also list hanging out at the local fast-food restaurant as one of their favorite pastimes.
But what teenagers like to eat is not necessarily what they should be eating. According to the National Diet and Nutrition Survey, far too many young people in the UK between the ages of four and 18 consume too much fat, sugar and salt in their diet and take in too many calories. Meanwhile their intake of starchy carbohydrates (淀粉类碳水化合物), fibre, iron, vitamins and calcium is too low.
For a growing body, eating foods containing plenty of calcium, such as milk, yoghurt and cheese, is particularly important as calcium is essential for the development of healthy, strong bones. Similarly, foods that are rich in iron are good for young, rapidly developing bodies, so red meat, bread, green vegetables, dried fruit and fortified (强化的) breakfast cereals (谷类食物) are also recommended.
It is during our teenage years that lifestyle habits can become entrenched (根深蒂固的), so it is important that young people are educated about what foods are good for them. In 2005, in an attempt to change eating habits and open teenagers’ minds to new flavors and new tastes, celebrity chef Jamie Oliver launched a ‘Feed Me Better’ campaign. As part of a television series, ‘Jamie’s School Dinners’, he worked with teachers and cooks in a number of schools across the UK to provide more healthy, nutritious school meal options. Although the campaign was rather resisted at the beginning, it was generally regarded as a huge success and helped to influence governmental policy on nutritional standards for school meals.
No one expects to end the teenage love affair with fast and junk food but, hopefully, if projects like ‘Feed Me Better’ and the Government's own ‘Change4Life’ campaign continue to give out the right messages, more young people will understand the importance of balancing occasional treats with healthier food options.
小题1:What can we conclude from the first two paragraphs?
A．British teenagers eat too much junk food.
B．British teenagers need to take in more calcium.
C．What British teenagers like to eat is probably what their bodies need
D．British teenagers should reduce their intake of starchy carbohydrates.
小题2:Young people need calcium and iron ______.
A．to improve their brainpower
B．to build healthy strong bodies
C．to provide energy for their body
D．to help change their eating habits
小题3:According to the article, Jamie Oliver launched a campaign at schools to ______.
A．show off his excellent cooking skills
B．teach students how to cook nutritious meals
C．make the public keep an eye on school food
D．improve the children’s diet at school
小题4:Which is a point that the article supports?
A．Teenagers should never eat any junk food at all.
B．It’s easy for children to give up unhealthy eating.
C．It’s okay for a healthy eater to have a little junk food.
D．Once developed, our eating habit will never change.
The secret of staying slim could be as simple as keeping your mind on your meals. Research suggests that   1 ourselves from distractions and concentrating completely on the food that is in front of us, helps us stay in   2 . Such ‘mindful eating’ ensures that the   3 is in tune with (协调) the body, enabling it to ‘hear’ the chemical   4 that tell it that we are full。
Digestion   5  a complex series of signals between the gut (肠道)and the nervous system and it takes about 20 minutes for the brain to tell that the body has eaten enough. This means that if someone eats too   6 , the signals will come slowly, leading to   7 .
Scientists say that distractions make it  8 for us to remember what we have eaten. This absent-mindedness stops us from feeling   9  – and sends us reaching for some snacks later on. It is thought that our memory of what we have eaten plays a key role in   10  appetite. This means that distractions stop us from remembering the detail of what we have eaten – leaving us feeling   11 .
Advocates of mindful eating   12 chewing food slowly and taking note of its color, smell and flavor. Before   13  dieters should ask themselves if they are really hungry---and if not, distract themselves by going for a walk or reading. Done  14 , mindful eating may not only leave you   15 , but also make you enjoy mealtimes.
小题1:
A．feelingB．protectingC．freeingD．saving
小题2:
A．shapeB．healthC．touchD．business
小题3:
A．appetiteB．speedC．emotionD．mind
小题4:
A．ordersB．soundsC．desiresD．messages
小题5:
A．discoversB．involvesC．sendsD．holds
小题6:
A．quicklyB．slowlyC．graduallyD．suddenly
小题7:
A．imbalanceB．damageC．overeatingD．failure
小题8:
A．clearerB．easierC．sharperD．harder
小题9:
A．fullB．greatC．comfortableD．delicious
小题10:
A．buildingB．losingC．controllingD．improving
小题11:
A．upsetB．eagerC．hungryD．desperate
小题12:
A．mindB．adviseC．avoidD．consider
小题13:
A．snackingB．runningC．writingD．cooking
小题14:
A．quietlyB．stronglyC．properlyD．poorly
小题15:
A．slimB．fatC．strongD．calm

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