[题目]阅读下面材料.在空白处填入1个适当单词的或括号内单词的正确形式.Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible [1] a big reduction in [2] . Research showed that air pollution led to big falls in test [3] for langua 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词的或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible 【1】 a big reduction in 【2】 (intelligent). Research showed that air pollution led to big falls in test 【3】 (score) for languages and mathematics. The study called "The influence of air pollution on cognitive (认知的)performance"【4】(conduct) over four years ago. Researchers analyzed speaking and mathematics tests 【5】 (take) by 20,000 people of all ages. They said, "Polluted air may do harm to cognitive ability as people become older. "

The study is a warning to the rest of the world ,【6】(particular) those in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with polluted air,【7】 is the fourth biggest cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that the 【8】(long) people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their cognitive ability went down. They said air pollution caused a year' s worth of lost education. For those aged over 60, this could be several years. A researcher warned, "There 【9】be) no shortcut to solve this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures 【10】(reduce) air pollution. "

【答案】

【1】for

【2】intelligence

【3】scores

【4】was conducted

【5】taken

【6】particularly

【7】which

【8】longer

【9】is

【10】to reduce

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明空气污染会导致人的智力降低。文章用研究结果来证明该研究，并呼吁政府采取措施解决这一问题。

【1】考查介词。此处考查短语be responsible for“对……负责”，故填for。

【2】考查名词。此处应填intelligent的名词作为in的宾语，故填intelligence。

【3】考查名词的数。score“分数”是可数名词，结合语境判断此处用复数形式，故填scores。

【4】考查时态和语态。此处是句子谓语动词，由over four years ago判断为一般过去时，又主语the study和conduct之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was conducted。

【5】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，tests和take之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填taken。

【6】考查副词。结合句意可知，此处意为“尤其”，其表达是particularly，故填particularly。

【7】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词polluted air在从句中充当主语，故用关系代词which，故填which。

【8】考查形容词比较级。此处考查固定句型“the + 比较级， the + 比较级”越……；越……，故填longer。

【9】考查主谓一致。此处是句子谓语动词，本文讲述一般事实，故用一般现在时，主语shortcut是单数，故填is。

【10】考查非谓语动词。此处考查短语take measures to do sth.“采取措施做某事”，用不定式作目的状语，故填to reduce。

第7小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：

找出先行词：polluted air

分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分：polluted air在从句is the fourth biggest cause of global deaths.中充当主语，应用关系代词

考虑特殊情况：非限制性定语从句中不用that

故填which

练习册系列答案

A.on account ofB.in place ofC.regardless ofD.apart from

【题目】假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友 Mr Brown 对中国文化很感兴趣，请给他写一封邮件，邀请他来参加浙江非物质文化遗产(non-material cultural relics)展览活动。内容包括:

1. 写信目的； 2.时间、地点； 3.活动内容。注意:

1. 词数 80 左右；

2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was sunny and warm so Jane and I decide to go for a swim. When we got the beach, Tim, Paul and Mary were already here. We joined them and spent the afternoon swimming. The sea was as smooth as the mirror. I was pleased and Tim and Paul were a little disappointing as they like swimming in huge waves. When we got hungry, we bought hotdogs from a shop closely to the beach. After that, we had enough energies to play football on the sands. Paul and I won the game, in which surprised the others because we had three in their team. We really enjoyed the afternoon.

【题目】 The study, published today in the journal PLOS Biology shows that the average body size and number of sharks and other marine predators—vital to maintaining healthy ocean ecosystems—fell significantly near cities with more than 10,000 people and associated fishing boats.

The minimum distance from people and fishing which had no measurable effect was 1,250 kilometers. This is far further than previous studies have suggested and probably reflects the increased distances fishing boats can now travel. As a result, sharks were only observed at 12% of sites monitored.

Lead author Dr. Tom Letessier said, 'Human activity is now the biggest influence on sharks' distribution. Just 13% of the world's oceans can be considered 'wilderness' but sharks and other predators are much more common and significantly larger at distances greater than 1,250 kilometers from people. This suggests that large marine predators are generally unable to thrive near to people and is another clear example of the impact of human overuse on our seas. '

To collect their data, the team analyzed videos taken at 1,041 sites across the Indian and Pacific Oceans, selected to test the biggest possible range of conditions and habitats. Sharks and other free-swimming predators were studied using cameras attached cannisters(炮筒)filled with bait. In total, the team recorded 23,200 animals representing 109 species. These included 841 individual sharks from 19 different species.

Dr. Letessier added, 'Our study also found that shallower water environment, of depths less than 500 meters, were vital for marine predator diversity. We therefore need to identify sites that are both shallow and remote and protect them. However, there are still numerous shallow hot spots near human markets that are not appropriately protected, and this must change. '

【1】According to the study, what happened to sharks and other marine predators?

A.They became less important for keeping healthy ocean ecosystems.

B.They only lived near cities with 10,000 people.

C.They loved swimming after fishing boats.

D.Their average body size and number decreased sharply.

【2】Which of the following statements may Dr. Tom Letessier agree with?

A.Large marine predators can grow well near people.

B.People shouldn't disturb the sea and sea animals.

C.Sharks’ distribution was mainly affected by human activity.

D.Other ecological factors have no impact on sharks’ distribution.

【3】What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 4?

A.Introduce a new topic for readers.

B.Introduce the study means used by the team.

C.Summarize the previous paragraphs.

D.Collect data about sharks and other predators.

【4】What can we infer about the perfect environment for marine predator diversity?

A.It should be deeper than 500 meters.

B.It should be spots that are hot enough.

C.It should be shallower and away from humans.

D.It should be spots changed from human markets.

【题目】 Many famous churches as listed below have a long religious history, inventive architecture and dedicated craftsmanship.

Sagrada Familia

This church located in Barcelona, Spain is a UNESCO World Heritage Site(世界文化遗址). It is a Roman Catholic Church planned by architect Antoni Gaudi and its construction began in 1882. However, it remains incomplete till today. This is mainly because of its huge size and the process to return the earliest construction to its original condition would never end. A tour of the whole church would take about a week.

Saint Basil’s Cathedral

This famous church is located in Moscow, the capital of Russia and marks the exact center of the city. It was completed in 1561 under the rule of Ivan the Terrible and has a very colorful architecture unusual for a church. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is perhaps one of the most famous churches in the world because it appears in many movies.

Westminster Abbey

This famous church is in London and is one of the iconic(标志性的) buildings in the country. It was built in the 10th century and today is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Thames River and Westminster Palace are both located near the Abbey and the Gothic(哥特式的) architecture draws many tourists each year. Westminster Abbey is also the place for important events of the royal family.

Church of the Nativity

This church is located in Bethlehem, Palestine and is believed to be the birthplace of Jesus. Its construction was started 327AD and today it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This church, however, does not see many tourists because of the ongoing conflict in Palestine.

【1】What's the common character of the churches?

A.They're Gothic architectures.B.They are located in city centers.

C.They are UNESCO world heritage sites.D.They are visited by many tourists every year.

【2】Which church has the longest history?

A.Sagrada Familia.B.Saint Basil’s Cathedral.

C.Westminster Abbey.D.Church of the Nativity.

【3】Why is Sagrada Familia still incomplete?

A.Its construction didn't start until recently.B.Repair is needed before completing it.

C.Early buildings will be pulled down.D.People want to make it larger and larger.

【题目】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Save the Earth

Without the Earth we have nowhere to live, along with many other organisms. If we don’t save the Earth 【1】(active) now, our children or grandchildren might not be able to see it for long. Our atmosphere 【2】 (weaken) and we have to do something about it quickly.

We could plant more 【3】 (tree) to create more oxygen to keep the bad air away from the atmosphere,【4】 we could just stop cutting down the rainforest. We are living and we need the space but we aren’t the only species on this earth.【5】 (save) the rainforest is not only good for the atmosphere but also good for the many different species that the earth provides for 【6】 (we).

We could try to get as many people as possible to switch to other energy using 【7】 (little) mineral fuels for energy and relying more on solar and wind energy 【8】 fossil fuels are destroying our earth and we need 【9】 (limit) the use of it.

Recycling is one of the simplest ways 【10】 helps our precious planet. Everyone can help. All they have to do is follow three simple rules: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle!

The world is precious and we need to keep it that way.

【题目】 John B. Goodenough, an engineering professor from the University of Texas at Austin, has been awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry-jointly with M. Stanley Whittingham, a chemistry professor from the State University of New York and Japan’s Akira Yoshino, a professor of Meijo University-for the development of lithium-ion batteries (锂电池). According to the Nobel Committee, the three scientists “have created the right conditions for a wireless and fossil fuel-free society, and so brought the greatest benefit to humankind”.

Goodenough, born in 1922, identified and developed the key materials that can power portable electronics, leading to the wireless revolution. Today, batteries containing Goodenough’s innovations are used worldwide for mobile phones, power tools, laptops, tablets and other wireless devices, as well as electric vehicles.

Goodenough received a bachelor’s degree in mathematics from Yale University and a doctorate in physics from the university of Chicago. He beat the odds against him, first overcoming dyslexia (阅读困难症) as a child, and then the claim of a teacher who told the doctoral student in his 20s that he had started too late to be successful in physics.

He began his career in 1952 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Lincoln Laboratory, where he laid the groundwork for the development of random-access memory (RAM) for the digital computer. After MIT, Goodenough became a professor and head of the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Oxford where in 1979 he discovered it would be possible to store energy in rechargeable batteries through lithium cobalt oxide (锂钴氧化物).That discovery helped develop the lithium-ion battery. Goodenough joined the University of Texas at Austin in 1986, where his groundbreaking work continued.

At 97 years old, he still continues to push the boundaries of materials science. Despite the lithium-ion battery being well developed and available as a commercial product, it has its limitations. It can’t be charged too fast or overcharged. Goodenough still wants to see some new developments.

“I hope Ut-Austin still keeps me employed,” Goodenough once joked.

【1】The underlined phrase “beat the odds” in Paragraph 3 means “ “.

A.become very famousB.face the challenges

C.win the competitionD.overcome the difficulties

【2】What can we infer from the passage?

A.In MIT, Goodenough made the important discovery leading to the development of the Lithium-ion battery.

B.When he studied for his doctorate in university, not all his teachers encouraged him to be successful.

C.According to the Nobel Committee, Goodenough made the greatest contributions in the discovery.

D.Because of his old age, Goodenough found it difficult to improve the limitations of the lithium-ion battery.

【3】What is the best title for the text?

A.The Father of the Lithium-ion Batteries.B.Three Scientists are Awarded the Nobel Prize.

C.Make the World “Good enough”.D.It’s Never too Old to Learn.

【题目】假设你是晨光中学的李津。下周你校将与英国友好校举办一场在线会议, 探讨如何利用网络学习英语, 请你根据以下提示撰写一篇发言稿：

（1）介绍你是如何利用网络学习英语的（至少写出两点）

（2）简单谈谈你对利用网络学习英语的看法

（3）请友好校的学生分享他们的经验。

注意：

（1）词数不少于100；

（2）可适当加入细节, 使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。

Good morning, dear friends. My name is Li Jin. I'd like to take this opportunity to talk about how I learn English on the Internet.

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Thank you.

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