题目内容

11.Many people would interpret"The American dream"as"living like an American"-a two-story house with a white picket fence; a family with two cars; and two children.
However,the economic situation is now affecting the American way of life for 4.4 million people living in the US,according to new census (人口普查) data."It's going to have a long-term impact and to say it's going to end is optimistic,"says Cheryl Russell,former editor-in-chief of American Demographics magazine."I'm more pessimistic that this is the new normal."
So what is the new normal?
*Marrying later.The average age of the first marriage has increased to 28.7 for men and 26.7 for women,up from 27.5 and 25.9 respectively in 2006.At the same time,fewer people are getting married.If the marriage rate had stayed the same as in 2006,there would have been about 4 million more married people in 2010.
*Fewer babies.There were 200,000 fewer births among women aged 20 to 34 in 2010 compared with two years before.This was despite the fact that the number of women of childbearing age had gone up by more than 1 million."The recession(衰退) is the likely cause,"says Kenneth Johnson,demographer at the University of New Hampshire's Carsey Institue,"Economic fertility (生育能力)"because women delay …in uncertain times.
*Breaking up is harder.The number of divorces has been falling for 25 years as people wait longer or choose to live together before they get married.There were about 65,000 fewer divorces in 2010 than in 2008,a 7 percent decrease.
*Crowd living.Unemployment is forcing more people to live together.The number of households where people lived with"other relatives"climbed from 6.7 percent in 2006 to 7.2 percent in 2010.
*Going public.Private school enrollment decreased from 13.6 percent in 2006 to 12.8 percent in 2010.
*Fewer cars.The percent age of households without a car rose to 9.1 percent against 8.8 percent in 2006.The percent-age of households with two or more cars fell from 58 percent to 57.1 percent.
*Driving solo.When people are not working,they don't carpool.The proportion of people aged 16 to 64 in employment dropped greatly in all but one of the 50 largest metropolitan (大城市的) areas.That has helped push the share of people driving to work alone from 76 percent in 2006 to 76.6 percent in 2010.Ride-sharing is down a full percentage point,to 9.7 percent.
61.What is the article mainly about?C
A.The interpretation of"the American dream".
B.The significance of the current economic crisis.
C.Changes to the American lifestyle.
D.The traditional American way of life.
62.What might Cheryl Russell agree with according to the article?D
A.A traditional lifestyle is much better and healthier.
B.The new study based on the members'financial reports.
C.The spirit of American dream will inspire Americans to get through the economic recession.
D.American lifestyles are being reshaped and will continue to change
63.What are the characteristics of the future American lifestyle?A
a.Delayed marriage.
b.A lower divorce rate
c.Increased car ownership.
d.An increase in private school enrollment.
e.Having children later
A.abe           B.ace          C.bde          D.bce  
64.Which of the following statements is TRUE?C
A.The typical US family is expected to have three-story house with a big yard and two children.
B.The US birth rate rose slightly in 2010 compared with two years before.
C.A growing number of people are forced to share their homes with other relatives in the US.
D.US students prefer to go to private schools rather than pubic schools.
65.Why do more and more Americans drive solo to work in recent years,according to the passage?B
A.Because they don't like carpool.
B.Because more and more people are out of work.
C.Because the share of people driving to work alone is increasing.
D.Because the proportion of people aged 16-64 in unemployment dropped greatly.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了美国人生活方式的变化并作出解释,作者认为主要是经济的衰退导致的.

解答 61.C.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知文章主要描写了美国人生活方式的变化并作出解释,作者认为主要是经济的衰退导致的;故选C.
62.D.细节理解题.根据文章第二段"It's going to have a long-term impact and to say it's going to end is optimistic"可知美国的生活方式正在改变并将继续改变;故选D.
63.A.细节理解题.通读全文可知未来美国的生活特点是结婚晚,生孩子晚,离婚率低;故选A.
64.C.细节理解题.根据第二部分"Unemployment is forcing more people to live together.The number of households where people lived with"other relatives"climbed from 6.7 percent in 2006 to 7.2 percent in 2010"可知越来越多的人被迫与美国其他亲戚分享他们的家园;故选C.
65.B.细节理解题.根据文章第二部分:The proportion of people aged 16 to 64 in employment dropped greatly in all but one of the 50 largest metropolitan (大城市的) areas.That has helped push the share of people driving to work alone 可知越来越多的人失业导致越来越多的美国人在最近几年独自开车去上班;故选B.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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Where There is No Doctor:A Village Health Care Handbook---David Werner with Carol Thurman and Jane Maxwell.A first-aid guide written especially for the villager but also useful for anyone who cannot get immediate health care.It contains basic treatments for common illnesses such as diarrhea toothache,colds,and flu,as well as graphic chapters on childbirth,skin diseases and nutritional disorders such as acid indigestion and rickets (软骨病).An extensive chapter on first aid details treatments is given to children,their diseases,and possible illnesses following birth.An extensive index concludes the book.Hesperian Found,1992,449p.,illus.,paperback,14.00.
The Twenty-Four-Hour Society:Understanding Human Limits in a World That Never Stops---Martin Moore-Ede.As director of the Institute for Circadian Physiology.Moore-Ede has devoted his life's work to examining how the body clock works and the effect 24-hour technology has on the physiology of humans.Some of the biggest accidents of modern industrial times have occurred at night,including the Exxon Valdez oil spill and those at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl.The author argues that this may be because the humans in charge were suffering from tiredness and lack of sleep,which may have affected their performance.Guidelines for how we may better organize our work schedules are included,as are ways to overcome jet lag and sleep disorders faced by those with busy schedules.Addison-Wesley,1993,230p.,hardcover,22.95.
Lifespan:Who Lives Longer and Why---Thomas J.Moore.Many commonly held beliefs about lifestyle and longevity are explained here.For example,the author,a fellow at the Center for Health Policy Research at George Washington University,argues that the age of your mother and father has more influence on your lifespan than regulating cholesterol (腥固醇) levels and weight watching.Moore feels that the threat of the flu virus---which kills 100,000people in the United Sates in a bad year and has killed a million people in a single year twice in this century---should receive more serious attention among populations.A discussion of what people really need to concentrate on to live longer is included,in addition to updates on current longevity research.S& S,1993,318p.,hardcover,23.00.
46.Which book would you recommend to someone who is interested in healthy ways of cooking?A
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B.Lifespan.
C.Where There is No Doctor.
D.The Twenty-Four-Hour Society.
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C.Those without immediate health care.
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48.Who wrote the book about how technology affects our lives?B
A.Carol Thurman.         
B.Martin Moore-Ede.
C.Catherine E.Woteki.  
D.Thomas J.Moore.
49.From Lifespan we know thatA.
A.a person's lifespan has something to do with his genes
B.eating healthy food makes somebody live long
C.a good eating habit is important for people
D.weight watching helps someone enjoy a long life.
6.In March 2012,researchers in the United States announce that they have developed the first wirelessly controlled device that can supply a drug directly into the body.A small chip is implanted under the skin.It contains the medicine,which it releases at preset(预先设定的)times.
The developers say the device could improve the lives of millions of people who take medicine for long-term illnesses.
A company called MicroCHIPS began developing the device about fifteen years ago.Last month,the company released the results of its first successful tests in humans.The tests took place in Denmark with seven women with osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis causes bones to become weak and break easily.The disorder is common among older people,especially women.Many patients have to give themselves daily injections of medicine.One type of treatment requires injections for two years.
Robert farra is the president of MicroCHIPS.He says many patients stop taking the medicine because of the pain and stress of the injections and that only twenty-five percent of the patients will go through the entire twenty-four months of treatment.
The microchip is a few centimeters long.It has small sections that each hold a single dose(剂量)of medicine.Mr.Farra says the device has to be programmed with the times to release the drug and that doctors will be able to reprogram the device from a computer or even a cell phone.
The seven women in the study were aged sixty-five to seventy.The researchers say the implants were just as effective as daily injections.And they say the dosage amounts were more exact than patients often give themselves.
The microchips in the study held only twenty doses of medicine.Mr.Farra and his team are now designing a version that could hold a full year's worth of medicine.
Robert Farra says,"The new version may take us two years,and then we may be required to do two additional trials,taking about four years before the device is available on the commercial scale."

71.Which of the following about the new device is right?D
A.It is of great use to all patients.
B.It is the first Microchip in the world.
C.It can cure long-term illnesses completely.
D.It can release medicine regularly as preset.
72.According to Paragraph 4,we knowB.
A.osteoporosis is believed to be a deadly disease
B.patients who suffer osteoporosis may easily break their bones
C.whoever suffers osteoporosis has to get daily injections
D.the only treatment of osteoporosis is injections for at least two years
73.Which of the following is TRUE?D
A.The seven women participants all got over the disease after the test.
B.The company MicroCHIPS began developing the device in about 1998.
C.the test with the women took seven years.
D.It may be six years before the device is put to commercial use.
74.Which is NOT the advantage of the device?C
A.It can release exact amount of medicine.
B.It can free patients the pain and stress of injections.
C.it held only twenty doses of medicine.
D.It is as effective as daily injections.
75.Which may be the best title of the passage?A
A.Taking medicine with a microchip under the skin
B.A successful test with seven women
C.Microchips are very useful
D.A new treatment of osteoporosis.
16.Should Good Sportsmanship Be Taught in School?
Almost everyone feels that it is important for young people to win fairly and show respect toward others.Should good sportsmanship,then,be taught in school?Critics do not think so.(71)BPresented here are the most important benefits of teaching sportsmanship.
Teaching good sportsmanship and having a positive attitude in activities like sports,class elec tions,and science fair competitions are critical to success in school.(72)EActing calmly under pressure helps young adults succeed not only in sports but also in life.
(73)GA person cannot play by the rules if he or she does not understand what the rules are.Knowing the rules also applies to other activities.If students enter a science fair competition,for example,they must follow the guidelines. Those who know the rules are much more likely to succeed.When students learn sportsmanship,they discover,how knowing the rules relates to achievement.
Good players become skilled at handling responsibility.When people accept responsibility,they achieve their best.Positive thinkers,moreover,influence others,especially those who are struggling with a problem.A gifted basketball player,for example,might teach skills to a less-talented player.Helping others raises the performance of the entire team.The team,consequently,could reach new heights and set new records.(74)DThose who do not practice sportsmanship pass off responsibility.For them,if an opportunity is lost,it is someone else's fault.When student s participate on a team,they benefit by learning to accept responsibility,encourage others and own up to mistakes.
Sportsmanship is a winning idea.It must be taught in school.Students need direction to become good sports".Students will be responsible for their own actions and will have a positive influence on others.As students enter the workforce,businesses benefit.The community also benefits because these students will someday become leaders(75)A.
   
    A.We need to educate students about how sportsmanship pays off for everyone.
    B.However,the stronger argument favors teaching good sportsmanship.
    C.Sports help young adults learn how to team up with others.
    D.Good sportsmanship also means admitting mistakes.
    E.Activities involving winning or losing can be tense.
    F.It is natural that players should be eager to win.
    G.Good team players know the rules of the game.
3.When I was young,I wanted to be a teacher if I grew up,simply because I wanted to write on the chalkboard!My teacher seemed to be the(16)Bprinters,curving their letters just so,and I wanted to do it (17)A!Now,after"higher education",and three(18)D career paths,I have come back to want to be a (19)A,but my reasons have changed.I was (20)Din my years of high school,to have teachers that really (21)A me as an individual,and I want to(22)Cthis back.
A teacher's gentleness needs to be shown when(23)C or encouraging the students.It is important to make the corrections in order for the students to learn.(24)C,this needs to be done in a(25)D that will help to(26)B the student to make the changes necessary,(27)C discouraging them from learning.Being patient is also extremely important,because the class needs to know what to (28)Dfrom the teacher.This will also help to build a better agreement with the students,and help both the teacher and students to learn more about each other.
If a teacher exhibits a true love of (29)A and helping students learn,many of the qualities(30)Cabove will just fall into place.The teacher that had the most (31)Bon me had the best fame in the school.She was strict,and she did demand a lot,but she was able to show us it was(32)Dshe cared for us.She knew each of us was worth it,and she knew we each could do it.She (33)A knowledge,firmly,patiently,respectfully,and most effectively.She gently encouraged us to make(34)C when we needed to,and (35)Aus when we did.She was a true teacher,not just someone who taught,and this is the kind of teacher I hope to be.

16.A.funniestB.greatestC.strangestD.cleverest
17.A.tooB.eitherC.alsoD.hard
18.A.ordinaryB.familiarC.difficultD.different
19.A.teacherB.doctorC.lawyerD.secretary
20.A.diligentB.activeC.successfulD.fortunate
21.A.cared aboutB.believed inC.longed forD.thought about
22.A takeB.keepC.giveD.hold
23.A.talkingB.workingC.correctingD.stressing
24.A.BesidesB.MoreoverC.HoweverD.Otherwise
25.A.senseB.classC.meansD.manner
26.A.preventB.motivateC.forceD.forbid
27.A.beyondB.throughC.withoutD.towards
28.A.resultB.hearC.sufferD.expect
29.A.teachingB.learningC.consideringD.treating
30.A.discussedB.referredC.mentionedD.engaged
31.A.goalB.impactC.affectD.duty
32.A.whileB.althoughC.sinceD.because
33.A.passed onB.pulled onC.kept onD.turned on
34.A.decisionsB.choicesC.changesD.attempts
35.A.blamedB.ignoredC.helpedD.praised
14."Tweenager"is the new term being used in the UK to describe kids at either 8-12or 10-13years old.
More and more companies are beginning to create products and services for tweenagers.The Disney company sells music and films to tweenagers and their parents.You can get everything from branded lunchboxes and mobile phone covers,to monthly fan magazines and clothing.It's all about sales,which suggests that tweenagers must have more money,freedom and influence upon their parents than they've ever had before.
Most kids in the UK today get more pocket money than kids did a decade ago.Parents have more money to give their kids than previously,since parents are having fewer children.In addition,the divorce rate in the UK is continually rising and parents spend less time with their children than they used to,so many parents try to compensate by buying presents for their children.It's a bad habit for both parents and kids to get into,but parents are under constant pressure from commercial marketing and the pleas of their children.
UK kids today are very media and computer-literate.A lot of kids have a TV,if not a computer,in their bedrooms.They have access to much more information about life and the world.They may have experienced a lot in life as well,since 24% of UK kids live in single-parent families,so people now say that"Kids are getting older younger".With such maturity at such a young age,it's no wonder tweenagers are able to influence their parents and have more freedom than previous generations.
UK tweenagers never used to be worried about spending money on clothes.That's changed.Now,they are much more fashion conscious and concerned about their image.Many tweenagers outgrow the bright colours and fashions of their tweenage years and go for something darker and more rebellious.
Surely none of the above is a good thing.The UK government is certainly concerned,and for that reason has strict laws preventing companies from explicitly marketing their products and services at children.

36.Why are more products and services created for tweenagers?B
A.Because children education is becoming more important.
B.Because children have more money to buy them.
C.Because it is better to study music from an early age.
D.Because more companies are creating products and services.
37.Kids today can get more money partly becauseC.
A.parents always accompany their kids
B.parents have more expectation of kids
C.more and more parents divorce nowadays
D.kids know how to make money
38.Tweenagers have more freedom due to the following facts EXCEPT thatA.
A.their parents can not influence them any more
B.they know more information than kids before
C.they become mature at a younger age
D.they have a lot of experience in life
39.Which is true about kids in the past?D
A.They used to have more money to spend.
B.They couldn't influence their parents.
C.They looked older than their age.
D.They preferred to wear brighter clothes.
40.What is the purpose of the passage?B
A.To teach a new word"tweenager".
B.To introduce a new phenomenon.
C.To urge parents to care about their kids.
D.To blame today's young people.

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