题目内容

When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones-the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly         to tear them all down and         them with greener versions．
An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the         carbon emissions (排放) from a(an) __    _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the         lost by destroying an old one．
So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time,          half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our          , offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate         without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．
With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the         energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that         over time and let in more outside        .
     ,there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from       ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help         property owners from rising power        .
小题1:
A．terribleB．wastefulC．wonderfulD．useful
小题2:
A．putB．buildC．replaceD．take
小题3:
A．reducedB．increasedC．usedD．destroyed
小题4:
A．oldB．fashionableC．newD．beautiful
小题5:
A．magazinesB．treesC．materialsD．resources
小题6:
A．nearlyB．hardlyC．rarelyD．mostly
小题7:
A．librariesB．schoolsC．homesD．stores
小题8:
A．improvementB．appearanceC．stabilityD．change
小题9:
A．mostB．reallyC．veryD．least
小题10:
A．expandB．narrowC．strengthenD．weaken
小题11:
A．dustB．airC．smokeD．water
小题12:
A．OppositelyB．UnfortunatelyC．FortunatelyD．Frankly
小题13:
A．historicB．worthlessC．ordinaryD．meaningless
小题14:
A．chargeB．protectC．punishD．warn
小题15:
A．pricesB．costsC．businessesD．bargains

小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C
小题5:D
小题6:A
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:A
小题11:B
小题12:C
小题13:A
小题14:B
小题15:B

试题分析：
本文试图说明，全部拆除老旧房屋代之以新的节能型房屋是不划算的，因为新型房屋所减少的排放需要几十年才能补偿拆除旧房屋所损失的资源。对于老旧房屋做一些简单的改变，既能拯救地球，也可让房主免受资源成本攀升之累。
小题1:下文提到：那些老旧房屋建造时投入了大量的能源和资源，新型绿色房屋减少的排放量平均需要65年才能补偿拆除老旧房屋损失的资源。所以全部拆除老旧房屋是一种“浪费”。故B项正确。
小题2:拆除老旧房屋，“代之以”相对绿色的房屋。replace A with B: 用B替代A. 故C项正确。
小题3:新型节能型房屋应该能够“减少”碳排放。故答案为A。
小题4:“新型”节能型房屋，与“老旧”房屋相对。故C项正确。
小题5:文章第二段提到：建造那些老旧房屋投入了大量的energy和resources。而绿色房屋所减少的排放量平均需要65年才能抵充拆除老旧房屋损失的“资源”，包括建筑材料(materials)等有形资源，也包括投入的劳动等无形资源。故答案为D。
小题6:“几乎”一半的碳排放来自家居等处的取暖、制冷以及用电。mostly: in most cases. 多数情况下。用以修饰动词。nearly: 接近、差不多。程度副词，修饰形容词或副词。故A项正确。
小题7:第二段提到“新型节能型home”；常理也告诉我们，居家是人们待的时间最长的处所。学校、图书馆、商店等以”other buildings”概括。故C项最佳。
小题8:不处理现有建筑带来的问题就不能处理气候“变化”问题。故D项正确。improvement: 改善、改良。appearance: 外貌、样貌；出现。stability: 稳定性。不合题意。“改善气候”是需要我们去完成的任务，不是一个需要处理的“问题”。“气候稳定”更不是“问题”。
小题9:下文提到，39年之前建造的房屋比2000年后建造的房屋每平方英尺要多耗费50%能源。这是由于老旧房屋缝隙扩大，需要更多能源来保暖或制冷。所以，年代越是久远的房屋，能源使用效率越低。 最老旧的房子当然是能源利用效率最低的。故D项正确。least efficient: 效率最低。
小题10:老旧房屋时间久远，故而缝隙“扩大”。expand: 扩大、扩张。A项正确。
小题11:缝隙扩大，密封程度差，外面的“空气”就会进来。故答案为B.
小题12:拆除浪费；不拆也浪费。“幸运的是”，有许多相对简单的改造方法可以使老旧房屋绿化。A. 相反。B. 不幸的是。C. 幸运的是。D. 坦率讲。故C项正确。
小题13:Lincoln’s cottage (林肯的小屋)提示此处选择historic（有历史意义的）。故答案为A。
小题14:对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受成本不断攀升之累。protect sb. from sth. 使某人免受……之苦。charge: 收取（费用）；punish: 惩罚；warn: 警告。均不合题意。B项正确。
小题15:对于老旧房屋能源利用效率的提升，可以使房主免受“成本”不断攀升之累。cost指必须付出的代价；price指价格。“价格”上升，并不必然意为着“成本”上升，这要根据“收入与支出比”来确定。故B项正确。
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Gardening can be a very relaxing hobby for many people and this wonderful experience is not just for adults. Children are interested in gardening as well, if given the chance to explore nature and science in this way. Gardening can bring joy to both children and their parents alike, especially when the experience is shared together.
The time that is spent gardening together builds precious memories within their hearts and minds for years to come. When you are gardening with your children, try to give them their own special area. Keep their area in the center of the best soil and light, as you want to make sure of a successful gardening experience.
Plastic tools easily break and are difficult to use in the dirt, so when you are gardening with your children, give them real tools to use if possible. Even offering to let them use your tools is a way to admit the worth of the work they are doing. It is also important to talk with your children about the whole process of gardening, from planting to the harvest. They need to understand how things work and the importance of what they are doing.
Show off the children’s gardening work by taking friends and visitors for a walking tour through the garden and point out the children’s particular spot. When you give attention to the children’s work, this is a great motivation（动机） for children to continue wanting to be involved. Do not force children to take part when they are in a bad mood or if they are becoming bored. Instead, allow them to do something different, like building a scarecrow(稻草人)! This makes the gardening experience even more interesting. As you work together side by side with your children, you will encourage a love of the land in them, as well as create lasting memories of time spent with you.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
A．Teaching children how to garden.
B．Giving children the chance to show off
C．Helping children realize the importance of work.
D．Sharing the joy of gardening with children.
小题2:Why should you introduce your children’s work to your friends?
A．It makes your friends believe your children are smart.
B．It helps you gain more confidence in your children.
C．It encourages children to continue doing such work.
D．It attracts your friends to take part in your gardening.
小题3:What kind of people is the text mainly written for?
A．ChildrenB．ParentsC．FarmersD．Teachers
Aside from doing schoolwork and studying, American students must also participate in various extra-curricular activities. Many students get involved in their communities by doing volunteer work at various local organizations. In fact, the school I attend even requires students to perform a certain number of hours of volunteer work per semester. It is part of our study hall(自修课) grade, as well as a graduation requirement.
There are many places to do volunteer work in the community. Some of my classmates volunteer at the local animal shelter, the community table (which provides free meals for needy families), charity(慈善) stores, and many others. Finding a suitable place to volunteer usually depends on what’s available, as well as personal interests. For example, a friend of mine who enjoys swimming volunteers at the recreation center to teach young children how to swim.
With all these options out there, I ended up doing most of my volunteer work at a school library and a non-profit bookstore called Friends of the Library. This bookstore sells donated books at cheap prices, and all the profits made are donated to the local library.
I thought it was very fitting that I do my volunteer work at a library and a bookstore, because reading has always been very important to me. I love working in the bookstore now, because every sale we make helps our public library expand, and gives it the funds needed to purchase new books.
I think everyone should have the opportunity to read, and that we each should do our part to help those who don’t have the chance. There is a charity event, called One Book for A Window of Opportunity, in which Chinese students can donate a book to the children of the poor village Fangmaping. They don’t have a lot of resources, so reading can be a challenge. To find out more about this event, please visit: http://bbs.enfamily.cn/thread-739278-1-1.html. 
小题1:This passage is written by _____.
A．a Chinese studentB．an American studentC．a Chinese teacher D．an American teacher
小题2:This passage is supposed to write to ____.
A．villagers in FangmapingB．the writer’s parents
C．Chinese readersD．American readers
小题3:The writer chose to do volunteer work at _____.
A．a local animal shelterB．a charity store
C．a recreation centerD．a library and a bookstore
小题4:By writing the article, the writer hopes to _____.
A．meet the graduation requirementB．look for another volunteer job
C．get more chances to readD．encourage people to offer help
I was appreciating my family photos on my computer, admiring my two beautiful babies, when I found a disturbing trend: my laptop was in almost all the pictures. There was my daughter, 8 months old, playing at my feet while I was typing away on the couch. There was me and my son, with the laptop at my side as I held him in my arms.
I’d heard about the Internet addiction before, but always assumed I was something limited to socially challenged guys who played too much World of Warcraft (a computer game). Now it seemed my Internet “habit” is slowly but surely crossing the line. Sometimes I find myself up at midnight, surfing the Web while my family are sleeping. I read news, keep up with friends and write my blog … just for something to do.
It turns out that I’m not the only mama who is addicted to the computer. These moms are contributing to a growing global addiction. There’s a movement among psychiatrists (doctors who specialize in mental diseases) to recognize the Internet addiction as an official mental disorder. And a recent Stanford University national survey found that 14 percent of Internet users find it hard to stay away from it for several days at a time; 9 percent try to hide their “unnecessary Internet use” from their loved ones; 8 percent admit they use the Web as a way to escape problems.
You’re likely not the kind of addict who doesn’t bathe and abuses drugs to help her stay “up” for more online time. You may have noticed, though, that going online has become a necessary part of your life, which, at least, means a load of clothes go unwashed.
It may also mean you’re missing much time with you baby – something you probably do care about.
小题1:From Paragraph 1, we can conclude that _______.
A．the author was busy taking care of her babies
B．the author’s job had something to do with computers
C．the author was not good at taking photos of her babies
D．the author looked after her babies while using the computer.
小题2:The author used to think that the Internet addiction is  ________.
A．using the web at midnightB．keeping up with friends online
C．spending too much time onlineD．being addicted to computer games
小题3:In medical terms, the Internet addiction is ________.
A．a personal life habitB．a way to escape problems
C．an official mental disorderD．the unnecessary use of the Internet
小题4:What does the author want to express in the last but one paragraph?
A．Many women still can control their online time.
B．The Internet addiction influences housewives’ lives a lot.
C．Going online has become a necessary part of women’s lives.
D．Many people don’t realize that they are addicted to the Internet.
If Confucius(孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be many candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.
While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought.  It’s nothing personal.  Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.
But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius.  In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China.
In the past two decades, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities.  More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in more than 80 countries.  These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）.  Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy.  Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese.  So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States.  Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers. 
So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.
Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.
As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.
小题1:The opening paragraph is mainly intended to ________.
A．provide some key facts about Confucius
B．attract the readers’ interest in the subject
C．show great respect for the ancient thinker
D．prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations
小题2:We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students______.
A．have a great interest in studying Chinese
B．take an active part in Chinese competitions
C．try to get high scores in Chinese exams
D．fight for a chance to learn Chinese
小题3:What is the best title for the passage?
A．Forgotten Wisdom in America
B．Huge Fans of the Chinese Language
C．Chinese Culture for Westerners
D．Old Thinker with a Big Future
小题4:The passage is likely to appear in ___________.
A．a biographyB．a history paper
C．a newspaperD．a philosophy textbook
Near the village, there is an old famous temple. Some people want to build new houses where the temple now stands, because they can find no other area to build them, while others disagree with them. They meet to decide how to solve the problem. Here are their opinions about it.
The expert wants to protect the temple and believes that there are some interesting things buried in the ground. If it is destroyed or moved, people may never learn about how people lived in the past.
The businessman thinks that the houses should be built. History is important, but we must think about the future. The village needs development and building new houses will offer jobs to hundreds of people.
Villager A says, “We should build the new houses because we need houses to live in.”
Villager B says, “We should protect the temple because it can attract many tourists to come for a visit. If the temple is destroyed or moved, we will lose a lot of business.”
The village leader thinks that he has a duty to make life better for the villagers. They need jobs and new houses. He also thinks the cultural site (遗迹) is important and they should be careful with it as well.
小题1:The expert doesn’t want to _______ the old famous temple.
A．rebuildB．protectC．pull downD．fall down
小题2:The businessman thinks building houses there can _______.
A．help the village develop
B．attract many tourists to come for a visit
C．help people learn about how people lived in the past
D．help people learn about the interesting things buried in the ground
小题3:_______ agree that they should build new houses there.
A．The expert and the village leader
B．The businessman and Villager
C．Villager A and Villager
D．Villager B and the businessman
小题4:The village leader thinks _______.
A．they should destroy the temple
B．they needn’t build new houses
C．They should build the temple to make life better
D．they should not only build new houses but also be careful with the temple
小题5:According to the passage, which of the following is RIGHT?
A．It’s difficult to satisfy everyone.
B．The cultural site is not so important.
C．It’s easy to make a decision on the problem.
D．The villagers will lose their jobs with the development of their hometown
What does the word “home” mean to you? How do you say the word in French? In Spanish? In your language? Although people usually know what the word means, it often has no exact translation. It’s not surprising really, because the idea of home differs from country to country, and from person to person. A home is more than a roof and four walls. It’s the cooking, eating, talking, playing and family living that go on inside, which are important as well. And at home you usually feel safe and relaxed.
But it’s not just that homes look different in different countries, they also contain different things and reveal（显示） different attitudes and needs. For example, in cold northern Europe, there’s a fire in the living room or kitchen and all the chairs face it. In the south, where the sun shines a lot and it’s more important to keep the heat out, there are small windows, cool stone floors and often no carpets. We asked some people about their homes.
How often do people move house in your country?
“In my country many people don’t stay in one place for a very long time. They often move every ten years or so.”
Cheryl, Boston, USA
What are typical features of homes in your country?
“In Britain, even in town there’s always a garden and sometimes a cellar（地下室）. We have separate bedrooms and living rooms. But we don’t often have balconies (阳台). The weather isn’t warm enough!”
— Pat, Exeter, England
小题1:Which one is true according to the passage?
A．People in Britain seldom have balconies because it’s so hot outside.
B．“Home” is a place where you feel safe and relaxed.
C．Although homes look different in different countries, they have the same needs.
D．Houses in northern Europe always have big windows and cool stone floors.
小题2:The word “home” has no exact translation because ______.
A．people can’t find this word in the dictionary
B．no one knows what it is
C．it has different meanings in different countries
D．people can’t understand each other very well
小题3:You can ______ at home according to the passage.
A．eat, play, and teach studentsB．cook, talk, and play games
C．swim, eat, and make friends D．do nothing
小题4:Why is it important to keep the heat out of the houses in southern Europe?
A．Because they want to breathe fresh air outside.
B．Because there’s a fire in the living room.
C．Because they wear heavy clothing all day long.
D．Because the sun there shines a lot.
If you're like a lot of married guys, you don't need to be reminded about men being from Mars or women from Venus. Chances are that you're all too familiar with the feeling that you and your wife are from different worlds. When married people start noticing their fundamental differences, it can lead to a breakdown in communication. The way to have a successful marriage is through communication, common ground and understanding. Here are some pointers to guide you in the right direction.
Rather than ending up in an endless back and forth, forget about the issue for a minute. Instead, think about how you feel she's acting toward you and ask her if that's how she feels about you. If you think she's being unfair, ask her if she thinks you're being unfair. Switching the focus to that shared feeling can help your wife see things from your point of view.
It's important to accept the fact that there's a two-way street between you and your wife. If you think she doesn't make enough of an effort to see things from your point of view, you have to ask yourself if you're making an effort to see it her way.
Realize nobody can wave a magic wand to make you and your wife completely understand each other all the time. Many couples have an extremely close friendship and do almost everything together before they're married. Once you've tied the knot, you may begin to notice that you're not as alike as you once thought.
It seems obvious, but some guys get fooled into thinking their wife will be as excited about all of their interests and hobbies as they are. Don't be surprised when you find out that she's not just like "one of the guys." Sooner or later you'll realize that she might be going along with some of your interests just to make you happy.
Rather than feel offended if you find out she's not as into your favorite hobby as you thought, appreciate the effort she put into making you happy. Swallow your pride and try to take part in some of her hobbies, too, even if you might be a little put off at first. While you're not going to be trying on makeup with her, you could try baking a recipe together.
If either of you is always giving everything and getting nothing in return, there's going to be bitterness. The best marriages are built on compromise. You knew you were going to have to give and take for your marriage to work; now it's time to make it happen.
小题1:What is the best title of the text?
A．How to manage your marriage.
B．How to make a good husband
C．How to make a good wife.
D．How to get her to speak your language.
小题2: The best subtitle of the 6th paragraph is ________.
A．Swallow your pride (at least sometimes) B．Find out her hobbies
C．Don’t get offendedD．Try to make up
小题3:Which of the following is not good for keeping a successful marriage?
A．Focus on the feeling to get past the disagreement.
B．Don't play the blame game.
C．She won't always understand you (but that's OK).
D．Try to understand each other all the way.
小题4: According to the last paragraph, it’s important for the husband and wife to__________.
A．forgive and forgetB．give and take
C．live and let liveD．get everything and return nothing
小题5:The underlined phrase in the 6th paragraph probably mean________.
A．delay sthB．arrange sthC．dislike sthD．worsen sth
Work-life balance: Ways to restore harmony and reduce stress
Finding work-life balance in today’s frenetically paced world is no simple task.
Spend more time at work than at home, and you miss out on a rewarding personal life. Then again, when you face challenges in your personal life, such as caring for an aging parent or coping with marital problems, concentrating on your job can be difficult.
Whether the problem is too much focus on work or too little, when your work life and your personal life feel out of balance, stress — along with its harmful effects — is the result.
The good news is that you can take control of your work-life balance — and give yourself the time to do the things that are most important to you. The first step is to recognize how the world of work has changed. Then you can evaluate your relationship to work and apply some specific strategies for striking a healthier balance.
How work invades your personal life
There was a time when employees showed up for work Monday through Friday and worked eight- to nine-hour days. The boundaries between work and home were fairly clear then. But the world has changed and, unfortunately, the boundaries have blurred for many workers. Here’s why:
●Global economy. As more skilled workers enter the global labor market and companies outsource or move more jobs to reduce labor costs, people feel pressured to work longer and produce more just to protect their jobs.
●International business. Work continues around the world 24 hours a day for some people. If you work in an international organization, you might be on call around the clock for troubleshooting or consulting.
●Advanced communication technology. Many people now have the ability to work anywhere — from their home, from their car and even on vacation. And some managers expect this.
●Longer hours. Employers commonly ask employees to work longer hours than they’re scheduled. Often, overtime is mandatory. If you hope to move up the career ladder, you may find yourself regularly working more than 40 hours a week to achieve and exceed expectations.
●Changes in family roles. Today’s married worker is typically part of a dual-career couple, which makes it difficult to find time to meet commitments to family, friends and community.
Married to your work
It can be tempting to rack up the hours at work — especially if you’re trying to earn a promotion or some extra money for a child’s education or a dream vacation. For others, working more hours feels necessary in order to manage the workload.
But if you’re spending most of your time at work, your home life will likely pay the price. Consider the pros and cons of working extra hours on your work-life balance:
●Fatigue. Your ability to think and your eye-hand coordination decrease when you’re tired. This means you’re less productive and may make more mistakes. These mistakes can lead to injury or rework and negatively impact your professional reputation.
●Family. You may miss out on important events, such as your child’s first bike ride, your father’s 60th birthday or your high-school reunion. Missing out on important milestones may harm relationships with your loved ones.
●Friends. Trusted friends are a key part of your support system. But if you’re spending time at the office instead of with them, you’ll find it difficult to nurture those friendships.
●Expectations. If you regularly work extra hours, you may be given more responsibility. This could create a never-ending and increasing cycle, causing more concerns and challenges.
Sometimes working overtime is important. If you work for a company that requires mandatory overtime, you won’t be able to avoid it, but you can learn to manage it. Most importantly, say no when you’re too tired, when it’s affecting your health or when you have crucial family obligations.
Striking the best work-life balance
For most people, juggling the demands of career and personal life is an ongoing challenge. With so many demands on your time — from overtime to family obligations — it can feel difficult to strike this balance. The goal is to make time for the activities that are the most important to you.
Here are some ideas to help you find the balance that’s best for you:
●Learn to say no. Whether it’s a co-worker asking you to spearhead an extra project or your child’s teacher asking you to manage the class play, remember that it’s OK to respectfully say no. When you quit doing the things you only do out of guilt or a false sense of obligation, you’ll make more room in your life for the activities that are meaningful to you and bring you joy.
●Leave work at work. Make a conscious decision to separate work time from personal time. When with your family, for instance, turn off your cell phone and put away your laptop computer.
●Manage your time. Organize household tasks efficiently. Do one or two loads of laundry every day, rather than saving it all for your day off. A weekly family calendar of important dates and a daily list of to-dos will help you avoid deadline panic. If your employer offers a course in time management, sign up for it.
●Get enough sleep. There’s nothing as stressful and potentially dangerous as working when you’re sleep-deprived. Not only is your productivity affected, but also you can make costly mistakes. You may then have to work even more hours to make up for these mistakes.
●Communicate clearly. Limit time-consuming misunderstandings by communicating clearly and listening carefully. Take notes if necessary.
●Nurture yourself. Set aside time each day for an activity that you enjoy, such as walking, working out or listening to music.
●Set aside one night each week for recreation. Take the phone off the hook, power down the computer and turn off the TV. Discover activities you can do with your partner, family or friends, such as playing golf, fishing or canoeing. Making time for activities you enjoy will rejuvenate you.
Remember, striking a work-life balance isn’t a one-shot deal. Creating balance in your life is a continuous process. Balance doesn’t mean doing everything. Examine your priorities and set boundaries. Be firm in what you can and cannot do. Only you can restore harmony to your lifestyle.
小题1:What will happen if you’re spending most of your time at work?
A．You might lose all your friends.
B．You will lose both health and wealth.
C．You perhaps be given more responsibility.
D．You may be misunderstood by your loved ones.
小题2:According to the passage, you’d better say no to mandatory overtime when ___________.
A．you get bored with the work
B．you are not interested in the work
C．you can’t get additional allowance
D．you have crucial family obligations
小题3:What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．To do things people ask you to do can bring you a lot of joy.
B．You should do the things people ask you to do without feeling guilty.
C．You shouldn’t do the things people ask you to do if you don’t want to.
D．To do things for yourself is more meaningful than to do things for others.
小题4:What will not happen if you don’t get enough sleep?
A．You can make costly mistakes.
B．You will have low productivity.
C．You will feel stressed while working.
D．You will have no sense of exhaustion.
小题5:What does the real balance mean according to the author?
A．Being firm that working overtime will strike a work-life balance.
B．Examining priorities and deciding what is the most important to you.
C．Trying to carrying out everything you want to do whether you can do it or not.
D．Being cautious when saying no to somebody in a bid to maintain fine relationships.

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