题目内容

The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco，California is one of the world's most beautiful bridges. It is also one of the most visited places in the world. Vehicles cross the bridge an average of 41 million times each year. More than 1800 hundred million vehicles have used the bridge since it opened more than 70 years ago.

The bridge was painted “International Orange” because that color went well with the natural surroundings. The color also is easier to see in the heavy fog that often covers the area. But the Golden Gate Bridge was not named for its orange color. It was named for the body of water that it crosses，the Golden Gate Strait.

The Golden Gate Strait is the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. The Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco with Marin County，California. Planning for the bridge began in the 1920s when the area around San Francisco was growing. People living in the area needed another way to get to the city besides small ferries(渡船)．

Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer for the project. Work began in 1934. Mr.Strauss demanded the strongest safety protections in the history of bridge building. These included the first use of “hard hats” to protect the workers' heads and special glasses to protect their eyes.

A special safety net was suspended(挂) under the bridge. This net saved the lives of 19 men during the construction. However，11 other workers were killed when they fell from the bridge through the net. Still, this was a new safety record for the time.

The Golden Gate Bridge opened in 1937.It extends 1,280 meters across the water. The total length is 2,737 meters. It was the largest suspension bridge(吊桥) in the world until 1964. That is when the Verrazano Narrows Bridge opened in New York City. Today，the Golden Gate Bridge is the ninth longest suspension bridge in the world.

1.The Golden Gate Bridge was named after ________.

A．the local climate

B．the color of a paint

C．the strait it crosses

D．its natural surroundings

2.The purpose of suspending a special safety net is to ________.

A．protect the environment

B．make construction easier

C．prevent workers from falling

D．save building materials from falling

3.What do we know about Joseph Strauss?

A．He attached importance to the workers' safety.

B．His safety measures were not of practical value.

C．He built the first suspension bridge in the world.

D．He demanded strong measures to ensure the safety of the bridge.

4.The passage is written to ________.

A．invite readers to San Francisco

B．introduce the Golden Gate Bridge

C．describe how the Golden Gate Bridge was built

D．tell the story of an engineer called Joseph Strauss

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根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Writing A Letter To Your Future Self

Just imagine writing a letter to your future self 5 years from now, then opening it at that exact moment to see how much of it has come true. ____1.____

As you read the letter in the future, you can assess how many things agree with your expectations in the past. _2.______ Often times, the goals we set and our goal achievement process are affected by a lot of changes along the way. The letter lets you recognize how your current idea differs from the past.

In addition to that, at the very moment you are writing the letter, your thoughts are stored right there in those words. When you open the letter in the future, you as your future self gets to compare how you used to be in the past with how you are now. ___3.__. It’s very interesting to do so.

Take out a pen and paper right now and start writing your letter to your future self. Set a time period to write to. ____4.__ Then start writing. Think about the type of person you will be, your place in life, what you will have realized then, and so on.

5._____ Put it in a safe space where no one can find it. When you open this sometime in the near future, you might gain additional insights(了解) about yourself and your journey in the past few years.

A. And you can think about why that’s the case.

B. It is a useful tool to be used in goal achievement.

C. Imagine how you will be like during that time period.

D. If you haven’t, join me in writing a letter to yourself.

E. This lets you see how much things have changed since then.

F. At the end of the letter, write the date to open it on the cover.

G. It wasn’t until we moved into our new house that I found it again.

Renaissance is a French word. It means “rebirth”. It’s a strange name for a period of history. What was exactly “ reborn” during the Renaissance?

To answer this question, we need to look back at the time of the Roman Empire. At this time Roman artists, scientists and writers influenced by Greek ideas were the world’s most advanced. They had become skilled observers of the natural world around them, and had become experts in studying animals, plants, the human body or the stars and planets. They wrote down their ideas about what they saw, and based their theories about the world on their observations.

During the fourth and fifth centuries the Roman Empire slowly broke down. Many of the Romans’ art and sculptures were destroyed and some manuscripts（原稿）were lost as well. But most importantly, some of the ancient attitudes were lost. A questioning approach to the world was replaced by an unquestioning one.

Why did this happen? One reason was to do with the influence of the Christian Church. Through the thousand years following the fall of the Roman Empire, the Church controlled many aspects of life including education and learning. The Church ran all the universities and thought that the aim of a university should be to teach old ideas more clearly, not to introduce new ones. The scholars in the universities were expected to study God and heaven from the Bible and ancient books, rather than the world around them.

Take medicine for example. The main textbook for doctors had been written by a Greek doctor called Galen more than a thousand years earlier. But when Roger Bacon, a thirteenth-century priest（牧师）, said that a new approach to medicine was needed --- doctors should do their own original research instead of reading writers from the past such as Galen-the Church put him in prison.

By the time of the fourteenth century, however, some parts of the Christian Church were becoming less strict about their ideas and there was a new state of mind among artists, doctors and scientist. People wanted to find out more about the world by studying it. This attitude of investigation had been common in classical scholars, and it was ‘reborn’ during the Renaissance.

1.We know from the text that scientists at the time of the Roman Empire believed in_______.

A. their companions’ observations

B. what they saw with their own eyes

C. what they learned from the Greeks

D. the most advanced theories at that time

2.We can infer that students in the Church controlled universities might_________.

A. have good memories

B. change their beliefs

C. be lacking in creativity

D. be interested in astronomy

3.Roger Bacon was put in prison because he_________.

A. gave up being a priest

B. showed no respect for Galen

C. did some research secretly

D. challenged the Church

4.The text probably comes from a book about_________.

A. medicine B. education C. religion D. history

She was so amused with the magician’s trick that she _____ laughing.

A. burst into B. broke into C. burst out D. broke out

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出改加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

We had a discussion on “overnight-fame” last week. Nowadays, many people were crazy about instant fame and wealthy. To be honest, it is not bad be famous or have a lot of money, but I don’t agree with the view which people rise to fame overnight. We all know “easy come, easy go”. Let’s take Li An as the example. Only after his hard work did he become successful. Or we can list more similar cases if need. What I do believe is that the process in which we try our best. It is we have experienced along the way to success that we treasure and enjoy mostly.

根据句意，用括号所给的词的正确形式补充完整。

1.Their family home and __________(财产) were destroyed in the fire.

2. He slowed the bleeding by __________(运用) pressure to the wounds until help arrived.

3.People had stopped his bleeding before he received the _________(治疗) sent by the hospital.

4.The villagers were saved in the earthquake thanks to the proper ________(预测).

5. I am more than ________(快乐的) to tell you that we are going to have a baby.

6.It was _______(典型的)of him to be so rude.

7.There is no doubt that online education gives students more _______ (灵活性).

8.You are supposed to dress ________ (适当地) to attend a meeting..

9.She felt lucky to work as a/an _________ (助手) for the Prime Minister.

10.She desperately wanted to win her father's _________ (赞成、许可).

For more information, please visit: http:// www.sws.com/share

Women who own cats are more likely to have mental health problems and kill themselves because they can be infected by a common parasite(寄生虫) that can be caught from cat litter(猫砂), a study has found.

Researchers found women infected with the Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) parasite(刚地弓形虫), which is spread through contact with cat waste or eating undercooked meat or unwashed vegetables, are at increased risk of attempting suicide.

The study involved more than 45,000 women in Denmark. About a third of the world's population is infected with the parasite, which hides in cells in the brain and muscles, often without producing symptoms.

The infection, which is called toxoplasmosis(弓形虫病), has been linked to mental illness, such as schizophrenia(精神分裂症), and changes in behavior.

The study's senior author Doctor Teodor Postolache, an associate professor of psychiatry(精神病学) at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in the United States, said, "We can't say with certainty that T. gondii caused the women to try to kill themselves, but we did find a predictive association between the infection and suicide attempts later in life that deserves additional studies."

Doctor Albert Reece, vice president of medical affairs at the University of Maryland, said, "T. gondii infection is a major public health problem around the world, and many people don't realize they're infected. "

Dr Postolache is a leading expert on suicide neuroimmunology(神经免疫学). Suicide is a critically important mental health issue. About one million people commit suicide and another 10 million attempt suicide worldwide each year. We hope that this type of research will one day help us find ways to save many lives that now end too early in suicide."

Dr. Postolache's research team at the University of Maryland was the first to report a connection between T. gondii and suicidal behavior in 2009. He is cooperating with researchers in Denmark, Germany and Sweden to confirm and investigate the way leading to this association.

The T. gondii parasite thrives in the intestines(肠) of cats, and it is spread through their waste. All warm-blooded animals can become infected through contact with it. Humans can become infected by changing their infected cats' litter boxes, eating unwashed vegetables, drinking water from a polluted source, or by eating undercooked or raw meat.

Not washing kitchen knives after preparing raw meat before handling another food item also can lead to infection. Pregnant women can pass the parasite directly to their unborn babies and are advised not to change cat litter boxes to avoid possible infection.

Babies don't produce antibodies to T. gondii for three months after they are born, so the antibodies present in their blood represented infection in the mothers. The scientists studied Danish health patients to determine if any of these women later attempted suicide, including cases of violent suicide attempts which may have involved guns, sharp instruments and jumping from high places.

The study found that women infected with T. gondii were one and a half times more likely to attempt suicide compared to those who were not infected, and the risk seemed to rise with increasing levels of the T. gondii antibodies.

Dr Postolache noted limitations to the study, such as the inability to determine the cause of the suicidal behavior.

The findings were published online in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

1.The common way which is less likely to be infected with the disease is ________.

A. to eat unwashed meat or undercooked vegetables

B. to clean a place where a cat once lived for a time

C. to pass the infection to her unborn baby during a woman's pregnancy

D. to reuse kitchen tools which have been used to cut raw meat

2.What is the consequence if a woman is infected with the parasite in the passage?

A. Having a high fever.

B. Doing deliberate self-harm.

C. Keeping a depressed mood.

D. Becoming bad tempered.

3.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Women have a higher risk to be infected by the parasite than men.

B. The result of the research may help the scientists to find ways to stop suicide in advance.

C. The scientists will continue their research into the possible connection.

D. The risk of being infected seems to rise with the decreasing levels of the antibodies.

4.Which of the following statements would probably be the best title of the passage?

A. Why are women more likely to commit suicide?

B. Women should keep away from cats

C. Ways found to deal with women's mental problems

D. Are women who own cats at a suicide risk?

For teenagers, it's great fun to explore new places and it feels like an adventure, even when you know you're not the first to have been there. But to make sure not to get lost or waste time going round in circles, the following tips may be helpful.

◆Do the map reading if you're being driven somewhere. It'll be easier if you keep the map following the direction you are traveling in. Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn, or you'll have to move to the back seat.

◆Get a group of friends together and go exploring. You'll need a good map, a compass, a raincoat, a cell phone to call for help in case you get lost, and a bit of spare cash for emergencies. Tell someone where you're going before you set out and let them know what time you expect to be back. The purpose of the activity is in not getting lost, not in seeing how fast you can go, so always stick together, waiting for slower friends to catch up.

◆See if your school or a club organizes orienteering（越野识途比赛） activities, in which you need a map and a compass to find your way. This can be done as a sport, with teams trying to find the way from A to B(and B to C, etc. ) in the fastest time, or simply as a spare-time activity. It enables you to be familiar with the use of maps and compass and gain some special skills. In some way, it’s not only good fun, but also a great way to keep fit.

1.When you sit beside the driver, you’d better ________.

A．look ahead to see where there is a gas station

B．move to the back seat if feeling uncomfortable

C．keep looking at the map to find another place to go to

D．direct the driver when necessary

2.In the exploration, why do you need to wait for the slower friends?

A．To share the fun with him/her in exploration.

B．To tell him/her what’s going on with group members.

C．To avoid yourself or your friends getting lost.

D．To show them how fast you can go.

3.What does the whole passage talk about?

A．The fun of exploration.

B．What to bring for exploration.

C．How to prevent people getting lost in exploration.

D．The way to use a map in exploration.

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