[题目] Penguins (企鹅) are birds that “fly underwater. By flapping (拍打) their wings the same way birds do in the air, penguins can move through the water well.[1]Most birds have hollow (中空的) bones that help 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

【题目】 Penguins (企鹅) are birds that “fly” underwater. By flapping (拍打) their wings the same way birds do in the air, penguins can move through the water well.

【1】Most birds have hollow (中空的) bones that help make flying easier. But the penguin’s bones are heavy. This helps them stay underwater.

【2】They feed on many different kinds of fish.

【3】Some live in Antarctic, one of the coldest places on Earth. Others live on the Galapagos Islands, a very hot place. 【4】People and penguins eat some of the same foods. The more fish people take out of the sea, the fewer there are for the penguins to eat. 【5】

A.Penguins are very tough (坚强的) birds.

B.Penguins find it hard to adjust.

C.All penguins hunt for food underwater.

D.Penguins are different from other birds.

E.Ocean pollution is a real problem for penguins.

F.People, though, are the penguin’s biggest problem.

G.Also, penguins sometimes get caught up in fishing nets and die.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】A

【4】F

【5】G

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企鹅的特点及现在所面临的问题。

【1】

根据下文Most birds have hollow (中空的) bones that help make flying easier. But the penguin’s bones are heavy. (大多数鸟类的骨头是中空的，这有助于飞行。但企鹅的骨头很重)可知， D. Penguins are different from other birds. (企鹅与其他鸟类不同)能够承接下文，符合语境。故选D。

【2】

根据下文They feed on many different kinds of fish. (它们以许多不同种类的鱼为食)可知，C. All penguins hunt for food underwater. (所有的企鹅都在水下觅食)能够承接下文，符合语境。故选C。

【3】

根据下文Some live in Antarctic, one of the coldest places on Earth. Others live on the Galapagos Islands, a very hot place. (有些生活在南极，地球上最冷的地方之一。另一些生活在加拉帕戈斯群岛，一个非常炎热的地方)可知，A. Penguins are very tough (坚强的) birds. (企鹅是非常坚强的鸟)能够承接下文，符合语境。故选A。

【4】

根据下文People and penguins eat some of the same foods. The more fish people take out of the sea, the fewer there are for the penguins to eat. (人类和企鹅吃同样的食物。人们从海里带走的鱼越多，可供企鹅食用的鱼就越少)可知，此处在讲人类给企鹅带来的一些问题。由此可知，F. People, though, are the penguin’s biggest problem. (然而，人类是企鹅最大的问题)能够承接下文，符合语境。故选F。

【5】

根据上文The more fish people take out of the sea, the fewer there are for the penguins to eat. (人们从海里带走的鱼越多，可供企鹅食用的鱼就越少)及常识可知，人们主要使用渔网在海中捕鱼，而这些渔网极可能会对企鹅带来威胁。由此可知，G. Also, penguins sometimes get caught up in fishing nets and die.(另外，企鹅有时会被渔网缠住而死亡)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。

练习册系列答案

The Dangerous Downsides of Perfectionism

In one of my earliest memories, I’m drawing. I don’t remember what the picture is supposed to be, but I remember the mistake. My marker slips, an unintentional line appears and my lip trembles. The picture has long since disappeared. But that feeling of deep frustration, even shame, stays with me.

That’s the thing about perfectionism, a crucially self-defeating way to move through the world. It makes you better at your career and relationships and life in general. Culturally, we often see perfectionism as a positive.

But the disadvantage of perfectionism isn’t just that it holds you back from being your most successful, productive-self. Perfectionistic tendencies have been linked to a long list of clinical issues: depression, social anxiety disorder, eating disorders, and most damaging of all, suicide (自杀).

“Based upon the 60-odd studies that we’ve done, the higher the perfectionism is, the more psychological disorders you’re going to suffer,” says York St John University’s Hill. “Factors often labeled ‘healthy’ perfectionism, like striving for excellence, aren’t actually perfectionism at all. They’re just conscientiousness (尽职尽责)—which explains why people with those tendencies often have different results in studies. Perfectionism isn’t interpreted by working hard or setting high goals. It’s that critical inner voice.”

Take the student who works hard and gets a poor mark. If she tells herself, “I’m disappointed, but it’s okay; I’m still a good person overall,” that’s healthy. If the message is, “I’m a failure. I’m not good enough,” that’s perfectionism.

Perfectionists can make smooth sailing into a storm, a brief ill wind into a category-five hurricane. Eventually, the behaviours perfectionists adapt, actually, do make them more likely to fail.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【题目】“Iris scan (虹膜扫描) ， please,” the bank’s computer voice tells you . You step up and the computer reads your eye , comparing it to the stored file it has of your iris. The images had better match—otherwise you won’t be able to get your money.

Iris scanning and other technologies , such as fingerprint and voice scanning , have appeared in many science fiction movies in the past. Today , these advanced technologies are part of the real world. They are common at work, the bank, the airport, and your local prison. The iris scan, fingerprint scan, and voice scan are all examples of biometrics( 生物测定学) a fast developing area of automatic personal identification technology . Basically , biometrics uses various ways to verify a persons identity , based on the individual’s unique characteristics ,including fingerprints , voices, irises, body heat patterns, facial images, handprints , signatures and so on.

Biometrics identification systems have a number of advantages over password systems. The primary advantage is that an individual has to be physically present in order to be identified. Another important advantage is that there are no passwords to remember , forget, lose or steal.

The voice scan is the simplest and most affordable form of biometrics . It only requires a computer, a microphone and the correct software. The software records a subject’s voice and then compares it to a stored voice sample for identification purposes.

For additional safety, fingerprint and handprint scans can also be employed . Fingerprint scans take the image of a fingerprint and compare it to a stored file of prints. Handprint scans identify the unique features of a hand.

Iris scans currently give the highest level of accuracy among all the available biometrics systems. Another technology , full facial scans , is currently in use at border crossings and airports. Facial scanning equipment can actually track and identify moving faces within a crowd.

The potential of biometrics is exciting and encouraging . With continued development , testing , and application , current technologies will become even more effective in the future. Soon , the days of password and car keys will be gone . Just don’t leave home without your fingerprints!

【1】The first paragraph serves as a(n) __________.

A. example B. explanation

C. comment D. conclusion

【2】The underlined word “verify” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_____”.

A. protect B. confirm

C. develop D. change

【3】Which is the most accurate form of biometrics?

A. The voice scan B. The fingerprint scan

C. The iris scan D. The facial scan

【4】What is the author’s attitude towards the future of biometrics?

A. He is uncertain about it . B. He feels doubtful about it .

C. He is worried about it . D. He feels hopeful about it .

【题目】On hearing the news, she rushed out without hesitation, her handbag on the sofa and in the distance.

A. left; lied; disappeared B. leaving; lying; disappeared

C. leaving; laying; disappearing D. left; lying; disappearing

【题目】In modern society, it is usually considered good to be an extroverted(外向的) person. This means that life can be hard for introverted people. Their talents and abilities are often not recognized.

Some people often try to make introverts more outgoing. They think that being an introvert is a problem. But there is nothing wrong about being an introvert. Introverts are not necessarily afraid of meeting and talking to others. They simply prefer to spend time on their own, away from the crowds. They like reading, writing and taking walks in the countryside. But extroverts need other people. If they spend a lot of time on their own, they get bored. They tend to be impulsive and talk a lot.

Our society puts a lot of pressure on people to be extrovert, to be outgoing and self-confident on every occasion. Susan Cain, the author of the book Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can’t Stop Talking, has spoken about this problem. “I was nine years old,” Cain says. “In my suitcase there were lots of books. This seemed normal to me, because in our family we always read a lot. I thought it would be the same at summer camp. But I was wrong. To create camp spirit, all the children had to sing a cheer every morning. I couldn’t understand why. In the evening, I took out a book from my suitcase. But another girl said, ‘why are you being so quiet?’ The second time I took out a book, the counselor(辅导员) came to see me. She told me to remember the camp spirit and that it was important to be outgoing.”

At work, extroverts often do well. At job interviews, it is usually good to appear extrovert. It suggests that you will be good at the job. But it is wrong to think that only extroverts are good leaders. Introverts work in different ways to extroverts, but they can still do really great things. Darwin, for example, was a quiet, family man. He often took long walks so that he could think clearly. But Darwin’s ideas about evolution were revolutionary.

Introverts must understand that it is perfectly okay to be the way they are. It is not necessary to want to be the center of attention. You don’t have to take part in noisy, social activities if you don’t want to. And it is not necessary to try to become more outgoing.

【1】This sentence “Introverts are generally misunderstood.” should be put at the beginning of Paragraph .

A. Two B. Three

C. Four D. Five

【2】Paragraph 3 is constructed by means of .

A. analyzing reasons B. giving examples

C. listing arguments D. comparing facts

【3】What can we infer from the passage?

A. The talents and abilities of extroverts are usually ignored.

B. Some introverts feel caught between nature and social pressure.

C. Only extroverts are good leaders with better interpersonal skills.

D. It is necessary for introverts to try to become more outgoing.

【题目】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Wilderness Therapy

When most people hear the term “psychotherapy”, they picture traditional talk therapy – someone sitting on a couch or chair talking about their troubling thoughts and feelings with a psychologist or other mental health professional. However, talk therapy isn’t the only type of psychotherapy used to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, and a whole host of other challenging disorders, emotional struggles, and other types of problems. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy.

When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial (有争议的) way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking trail. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward (任性的) of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders.

While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes abusive (施虐的) techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit.

Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (陪同) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed.

【题目】假定你是是李华。你的英国朋友Edward 正在学习汉语，他希望你给他推荐一个适合他学习汉语的网站。请你根据以下内容给他回复邮件。

推荐网站：www.edchinese.com

网站内容：

1、中文情景对话，中国风俗，中国电影，中国歌曲、成语和唐诗等；

2.有老师在线答疑解惑。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Edward,

I’m more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese.

____________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Yours

Li Hua

【题目】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. defense B. avoid C. believing D. mistake E. required F. critical

G. cheating H. ashamed I. identify J. confirm K. similar

We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our 【1】, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid 【2】 problems in the future.

Making ethical (伦理的)decisions is a(n) 【3】 part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can’t see the risks we’re taking, we can’t make responsible choices. To 【4】 risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn’t know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as 【5】. But the fact that such a violation is “unintentional” does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a 【6】.

Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they’re taking by using excuses: “Everyone else does it,” “I’m not hurting anyone,” or “I really need this grade.” Excuses can get very complex: “I know I’m looking at another’s exam, even though I’m supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that’s not 【7】 because I’m just checking my answers, not copying.” We must be honest about our actions, and 【8】 excuses. If we fool ourselves into 【9】 we’re not doing anything wrong, we can’t see the real choice we’re making--and that leads to bad decisions.

To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or 【10】 of your actions? If you’d rather hide your actions, that’s a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.

【题目】假定你是李津，是一名高三学生，自上个月开始你家长不再允许你使用手机上的 app软件，他们认为这对学习没有帮助还浪费时间，但是你不这样认为，为此你感到很苦恼。请你用英语写一封信向你的美国笔友 John 求助。

内容应包括:

1. 介绍情况

2. 你的想法

3. 希望得到 John 的帮助并了解美国家长对此事的看法注意:

1. 实当增加细节，不少于 100 词

2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数

Dear John,

I’m sorry to bother you, but

Look forward to your reply.

Yours

Li Jin

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