Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralyzed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into h 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralyzed (瘫痪的) from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted (移植) them into his back and re-grew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step in a long journey.

The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal (鼻腔的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows. “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself and put it into an area that doesn’t repair itself,” Professor Raisman said.

Polish doctors injected (注射) the nasal cells into Mr. Fidyka’s spinal cord above the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appear to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.

Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990’s, but this is his greatest success. “I think the moment of discovery for me was Christmas in 1997 when I first saw a rat, which couldn’t control its hand, put its hand over to me. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true.”

Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt—it might not work for others. But there is real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realized.

David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.

“What you’ve got to understand is that for three million paralyzed people in the world today, the world looks a totally brighter place than it did yesterday,” he said.

1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from nose?

A. The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.

B. Cells from the nose can be easily transplanted.

C. The nervous system in the nose has more cells.

D. Cells in the nose are able to re-produce rapidly.

2.How did the operation work for Darek Fidyka?

A. The nervous system in the spinal nerves can repair itself.

B. The nerves from his ankle cured the patient of the injury.

C. The nasal cells re-produced and spread over very quickly.

D. The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.

3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman begin to believe the nervous system can be repaired?

A. His former study with other people.

B. His operation on a paralyzed patient.

C. His sudden thought about Christmas.

D. His unusual experience with a sick rat.

4.David Nicholls’ words suggest that________.

A. the world will become a better and brighter place

B. paralyzed people of today have the hope recovery

C. the report of the breakthrough will be published soon

D. researchers across the world will carry out the operation

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As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.

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Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectionists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is non sense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.

Pelling also points out that procrastination feels particularly delinquent（过失的） in a society that thinks of speedy action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.

Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate. Nevertheless, he suggests a couple of good ways to get through the task at hand.

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3.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

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C. More examples to illustrate procrastination

D. Measures to deal with procrastination.

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Dear Chris,

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For Sparky, school was all but impossible. He failed every subject in the eighth grade. He failed physics in high school, getting a grade of zero.

Sparky was not good at Latin and English, either. He didn’t do much better in sports. Although he did manage to make the school’s golf team, he lost the only important match of the season. Throughout his youth, Sparky was awkward socially. He was surprised if a classmate ever said hello to him outside of school hours.

Sparky was a loser. However, one thing was important to Sparky — drawing. He was proud of his artwork. Of course, no one else appreciated it. In his senior year of high school, he sent some cartoons to the editors of the yearbook. The cartoons were rejected (拒绝). Despite this particular rejection, Sparky was so confident of his ability that he decided to become a professional artist.

After completing high school, he wrote a letter to Walt Disney Studios. He was told to send some pieces of his artwork, and the subject for a cartoon was suggested. Sparky drew the cartoon. He spent a great deal of time on it and on all the other drawings. Finally, the reply came from Disney Studios. He had been rejected once again. Another loss for the loser.

So Sparky decided to draw his own autobiography (自传) in cartoons. He described his childhood — a little boy loser. The cartoon character soon became famous worldwide. For Sparky, the boy who had such lack of success in school and whose work was rejected again and again was Charles Schulz. He created the “Peanuts” comic strip (连环画) and the little cartoon character whose kite never flew and who never succeeded in kicking a football — Charlie Brown.

1.School was impossible for Sparky because _____.

A. his family was very poor

B. he was not a hard-working student

C. he couldn’t do well in his lessons

D. he was naughty and always caused trouble

2.The underlined word “awkward” in the second paragraph means _________.

A. troublesome B. embarrassed

C. stubborn D. normal

3.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

A. The secret of success

B. Sparky — a failure at school

C. Nobody is always a failure

D. Sparky ― a lucky boy

Something that makes sense is happening in Washington, D.C! Public school kids surrounded by museums and monuments are putting the ready-made learning tools to use — and actually learning.

A trip to see painter Jacob Lawrence’s Migration Series is one of almost 200 trips that Wheelock will organize this year through the nonprofit group Live It Learn It. “For many kids, school is disconnected,” says one of fou r full-time workers and tour leaders. “With the program, they see how what they are learning is connected to their communities.”

Seven years ago, Wheelock changed a job as a lawyer for one as a four-grade teacher. When he learned that D.C.’s public schools ranked behind those of other cities in many ways, he knew he had to do something different. He took his class to Capitol Hill for a lesson on the three branches of government — and saw his students’ interest develop quickly.

With seed money from a local couple, Wheelock developed detailed lesson plans for trips to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, the Lincoln Memorial. The group also has classes for trips to the Anacostia River, boat rides to historical forts. Word spread, and now fourth, fifth, sixth graders from the neediest public schools in the District participate.

“I’m not brave enough to take my class to a museum for over an hour!” says teacher Cathy McCoy, gesturing toward her students. “But look With Live It Learn It, what the kids learn today they’ll remember for a lifetime.”

1.Matthew Wheelock once had an occupation as a _______.

A. teacher B. printer C. leader D. lawyer

2.According to the first two paragraphs, public school kids in Washington D.C. _______.

A. like to have school disconnected

B. are warmly welcomed by museums and monuments

C. are making the resources at hand available

D. are learning by going to different communities

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A. he saw his students’ interest develop quickly

B. more graders from the neediest public schools wanted to participate

C. D.C.’s public schools ranked behind in many ways

D. a local couple sponsored him a sum of seed money

4.What will the lessons be like with Live It Learn It in Cathy McCoy’s opi nion?

A. Eye-c atching. B. Challenging.

C. Forgettable. D. Impressive.

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