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1.Dad s ________ not to smoke again, but mum didn’t believe his promise.

2.I feel really g__________ at forgetting her birthday again.

3.He respects those who are in d___________ with him.

4.—— A lot of animals are dying out.

—— Yes, especially those that are most s_______ to the changes of the environment.

5.It’s our duty and __________ (责任) to protect our environment all around the world.

6.He exchanged a few words with the professor, an old ____________(熟人) of his.

7.She is a ___________(顾问) to the government.

8.He began the project by __________(非法地) using the university computer system..

9.Martha would ____________(消耗) nearly a pound of cheese every day.

10. — What kind of person do you think Tom is?

— He is a silent but hard-working student, always sitting there, a_____ in the book he is reading.

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When I was about 12, I had an enemy, a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings (缺点). Wee k by week her list grew: I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to hear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very angry. I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.

He listened to me quietly, then he asked. “Are the things she says true or not? Janet, didn’t you ever wonder what you’re really like ? Well, you now have that girl’s opinion. Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”

I did as he told me. To my great surprise, I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could—and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I went to a fairly clear picture of myself.

I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just close your ears in anger and feeling hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Our world is full of people who think they know your duty. Don’t shut your ears. Listen to them all, but hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”

Daddy’s advice has returned to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.

1.What did the father do after he had heard his daughter’s complaint?

A. He told her not to pay any attention to what her“enemy” had said.

B. He criticized (批评) her and told her to overcome her shortcomings.

C. He told her to write down all that her“enemy” had said about her and pay attention only to the things that were true.

D.He refused to take the list and have a look at it.

2.What does “Week by week her list grew” mean?

A. Week by week she discovered more shortcomings of mine and pointed them out to me

B. She had made a list of my shortcomings and she kept on adding new ones to it so that it was growing longer and longer.

C. I was having more and more shortcomings as time went on.

D. Week by week, my shortcomings grew more serious.

3.Why did her father listen to her quietly?

A. Because he believed that what her daughter’s “enemy” said was mostly true.

B. Because he had been so angry with his daughter’s shortcomings that he wanted to show this by keeping silent for a while.

C. Because he knew that his daughter would not listen to him at that moment.

D. Because he wasn’t quite sure which girl was telling the truth.

4.Which do you think would be the best title for this passage?

A. Not an Enemy, but the Best Friend

B. The Best Advice I’ve Ever Had

C. My Father

D. My Childhood

Part of the fun of watching sports events is following an exciting rivalry (竞争关系).

But where do all these rivalries come from?

Some rivalries start because athletes spend a lot of time close to opponents (对手).

Other rivalries get personal. Things that one rival says that are thought to be not respectful to the other can cause a rivalry, even if the words are misunderstood. And sometimes, rivalries grow just because the athletes don’t like each other’s personalities.

Some sports may also be more likely than others to cause rivalries. “Some sports only meet a few times, so there is less chance for rivalries to build,” For example, in sports where athletes perform on their own, such as diving, rivalries might also take longer to appear than in sports in which athletes compete at the same time. But in tennis, players often face each other, and rivalries are more likely to happen.

So do the rivalries do good or harm to the athletes?

Some believe that rivalries can be a good thing because they encourage athletes to try harder to win. But rivalries can also become too personal, taking athletes’ attention away from their sports.

Keegan agreed that rivalries often do athletes more harm than good. “They can be a huge distraction (分散注意力的事) and lead to focusing on the opponent more than the game,” he said.

“Top athletes often have physical and mental training that they follow in order to worry less and prepare to compete”, Gould further explained. An important part of that preparation is preventing from distractions, including rivalries.

“The better athletes don’t care too much about a rivalry – they try to treat every competition the same,” Gould told LiveScience.

1.According to the article, which of the following sports is least likely to cause a rivalry?

A. Tennis. B. Swimming. C. Diving. D. Soccer.

2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A. Rivalries between athletes may result from misunderstandings.

B. The more often you meet your opponent, the more you dislike him or her.

C. Rivalries mainly come from a dislike for each other’s personalities.

D. Audiences easily get bored if there are few rivalries in a competition.

3.Why does Keegan think rivalries could do more harm than good to athletes?

A. Rivalries could result in physical and mental suffering.

B. Rivalries could cause athletes to worry needlessly.

C. Rivalries could drive athletes to train too hard.

D. Rivalries could distract athletes from their sports.

4.In Gould’s eyes, top athletes ______.

A. care little about their competition

B. focus more on the game than on their opponents

C. treat every competition as daily training

D. take every possible opportunity to become stronger

Wherever she goes, Molly leaves her mark. Without saying a word, she speaks to people with her kind eyes. Even when she walks away, she leaves an impression. Molly's mark is a smile, stamped into the ground by the horseshoe at the bottom of her false leg.

A few years ago, Molly was badly attacked by a dog. The dog bit all four of Molly’s legs and left large cuts in her face. Molly's owner, Kate Harris, took her to an animal hospital. Doctors there were able to save Molly’s life, but soon one of her legs became very infected (感染).

At first, doctors thought Molly would have to be put to sleep. But Molly changed their minds. This pony, doctors noticed, shifted her weight, and rested her good leg from time to time. Doctors knew that Molly had amazing intelligence, and that she wanted to live.

Several doctors operated on Molly, and removed her infected leg. A false leg was made for her. The leg was a hollow cast with a pole at the bottom for balance. Doctors gave Molly a special horseshoe at the bottom of the leg. This horseshoe she had had a stamp of a smile face in it!

After the operation, Molly walked around on all four legs, as if nothing had ever happened to her! Now, with every step she takes, she stamps a smile in the dirt. But she leaves her mark in other ways, too.

Kaye Harris took Molly to the false leg center. There were children there who, like Molly, had artificial arms or legs. They were amazed to see a pony with a false leg. Molly made them smile and gave them hope. Soon, Molly began to visit schools, nursing homes, army bases and hospitals. A book was even written about Molly!

1.Molly is the name of a__________.

A. dog B. horseC. parent D. child

2.Which of the following is true according to the text?

A. Molly can speak to people in kind words.

B. Kay Harris took Molly to a children’s hospital after the attack.

C. In the beginning, doctors had planned to end Molly’s life.

D. Molly sometimes leaves smiling marks on people’s faces.

3.What is unique about Molly?

A. Molly has a false leg with a horseshoe shaped like a smiling face.

B. Molly ran a race and won the first prize.

C. Molly often visits places such as schools and parks.

D. Molly has become a symbol of hope for people of all ages.

Most academics would view a post at an elite university like Oxford or Harvard as the crowning achievement of a career—bringing both honour and access to better wine cellars. But scholars desire such places for reasons beyond glory. They believe perching on one of the topmost branches of the academic tree will also improve the quality of their work, by bringing them together with other geniuses with whom they can collaborate and who may help spark new ideas. This sounds reasonable. Unfortunately,as Albert Laszlo Barabasi of Northeastern University,in Boston (and also, it must be said, of Harvard), shows in a study published in Scientific Reports, it is not true.

Dr Barabasi and his team examined the careers of physicists who began publishing between 1950 and 1980 and continued to do so for at least 20 years. They ranked the impact of the institutions these people attended by counting the number of citations each institution’s papers received within five years of publication. By tracking the association of individual physicists and counting their citations in a similar way, Dr Barabasi was able to work out whether moving from a low to a high-ranking university improved a physicist’s impact. In total, he and his team analysed 2,725 careers.

They found that, though an average physicist moved once or twice during his career, moving from a low-rank university to an elite one did not increase his scientific impact. Going in the opposite direction, however, did have a small negative influence. The consequence is that elite university do not,at least as far as physicists are concerned,add value to output. That surprising conclusion is one which the authorities in countries such as Britain, who are seeking to concentrate expensive subjects such as physics in fewer, more elite institutions—partly to save money, but also to create what are seen as centers of excellence—might wish to consider.

1. What is the fundamental reason why scholars want to get a post at an elite university?

A. Their academic career can benefit from it.

B. It is an access to better wine cellars.

C. Reasons beside glory.

D. They can win honour.

2. On what basis did Dr Barabasi’s research team draw conclusions that getting a post at a higher-rank university won’t help scholastic impact?

A. His team examined the 20-year careers of physicists.

B. He came from Havard, a top-ranking university himself and knew it well.

C. Individual physicists’ citations by other authors increased within 5 years.

D. They ranked the physicists’ institutions according to citations to these universities’ paper.

3. Which of the following is true of Dr Barabasi’s research?

A. It proved that a post at an elite university helps academics.

B. It began in 1950 and ended in 1980.

C. It calculated the citations of the physicists’ institutions.

D. It is based on a lot more than 2,000 scholars of various fields.

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