题目内容
12.The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that,instead of an alphabet,it uses characters which stand for ideas,objects or deeds.Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters.In many cases,a single character can also make up a word.The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at how these characters developed.Chinese writing began thousands of years ago.According to an ancient story,a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing.One winter day while he was hunting,he saw the tracks of animals in the snow and observed that the appearance of each one was different.Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects.The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects.Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time.However,as a whole the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.
Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.Sometimes to express ideas,some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.Other characters were developed for directions and numbers.It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them.
Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings,one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.Therefore,a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.Many Chinese characters used today were made this way.
In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters and now they have widespread use in China's mainland.
Brief(61 )intruduction | The Chinese language is (62 )different from western language because it uses characters to (63 )represent ideas,objects or deeds. |
The origins of Chinese characters | An idea (64 )occurredto Cangjie after he observed the tracks of animals (65 )whose appearance differed from each other in the snow. |
The(66 )developments/evolutions of Chinese characters | •As a whole,the characters developed from drawing into standard forms. •Some characters were made by comining two or more characters together,whose meanings are easy to (67 )distinguish. •Many Chinese characters consists of two parts,one (68 )indicatingthe meaning and the other suggesting the pronunciation. •Now,Chinese characters have become much (69 )simpler and been used in china's mainland (70 )widely. |
分析 本文讲述了汉字的起源与发展,以及汉字的结构与含义.传说中汉字是由仓颉发明的,并在几千年的历史中不断发展,成为古代汉字.而新中国成立后,中国政府引入了简体汉字,现在被广泛使用.
解答 61.intruduction 62.different 63.represent 64.occurred 65.whose 66.developments/evolutions 67.distinguish 68.indicating 69.simpler 70.widely
61.intruduction介绍,考查细节归纳.根据表格该行后面的内容可知,这里是对中文进行简短的介绍.故填"intruduction介绍".
62.different 不同,考查细节查找.根据文章开头"The Chinese language differs from Western languages"可知,汉语与西方语言不同.故填"different不同".
63.represent代表,考查细节查找.根据"it uses characters which stand for ideas,objects or deeds"可知,中文使用字符代表思想,物体或行为.故填"represent代表".
64.occurred产生,考查细节查找.it occurred to 想到(主意).根据"a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing"可知,一个名叫仓颉的人发明了中国文字,所以说是仓颉想到了中文的写法.故填"occurred想到".
65.whose谁的,考查代词的使用.这里用whose指代"the tracks of animals 动物的足迹",句意:他观察了在雪地里的动物的足迹.故填"whose谁的".
66.developments/evolutions发展,考查细节归纳.根据表格该行后面的内容可知,这里是介绍中文的发展过程.故填"developments/evolutions发展".
67.distinguish区分,考查细节查找.根据"some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them."句意:一些字符是由两个或两个以上的字符相结合形成的,所以通过观察,很容易区分它们的意义.故填"distinguish区分".
68.indicating指示,考查细节查找.与该句中"and"后面的"suggesting暗示"有相近意思的是"indicating指示".句意:许多汉字由两部分组成,一个指示意义,另一个指代发音.故填"indicating指示".
69.simpler更简单,考查细节查找.根据"the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters"可知中国政府引入了简体汉字.故填"simpler更简单".
70.widely广泛地,考查细节查找.根据"now they have widespread use in China's mainland"可知现在它们在中国大陆广泛使用.故填"widely广泛地".
点评 该题考查学生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力及概况归纳能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释.考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点,从而概括出关键词.
(42)AOver the years Grandma and I had many cards letters.I knew how she (43)D keeping in touch with people.Since I had some (44)Ctime before Christmas,I decided to be her"personal secretary".As is expected,she(45)Aagreed when I asked her if she would like to send out some Christmas cards.
I (46)Cseveral different kinds of cards.I knew she had friends and family who all had different (47)D.I would deseribee (48)Bthe front of each card before(49)Athe poem inside.After think ing it over Grandma would (50)B me who she thought would like earth card.
After a while I(51)Dand I noticed that we had several nursing home(52)Binthe doorway.I started to notice as I read each card,the expression on their facts and Grandma's face,(53)A.Earth one had a small smile a faraway(54)Cin their eyes,as they were seeing the(55)Cin there minds'eye.
I thought when I went over to(56)Bthe Christmas cards I would be doing Grandma a favor(57)Ait turned out that she did me a big favor.I'll always(58)Dthis special memory of bringing some Chrismas joy and(59)Cmemories to Grandma and her fellow seniors.Thanks to Grandma I had a good (60)Dthat I'm passing on to you.
41.A.dood | B.gone | C.nonnal | D.watery |
42.A.exchanged | B.returned | C.claimed | D.expressed |
43.A.escaped | B.missed | C.regretted | D.enjoyed |
44.A.light | B.limited | C.extra | D.appointed |
45.A.readily | B.nearly | C.mostly | D.narrowly |
46.A.made up | B.gave out | C.rounded up | D.let out |
47.A.concerns | B.skills | C.istructions | D.interests |
48.A.in order | B.in detail | C.in silence | D.in reality |
49.A.reading | B.confirming | C.equipping | D.translating |
50.A.advise | B.tell | C.promise | D.direct |
51.A.broke in | B.called up | C.watched out | D.looked up |
52.A.secretaries | B.seniors | C.workers | D.nursers |
53.A.too | B.though | C.anyhow | D.yet |
54.A.jump | B.wave | C.look | D.Awing |
55.A.posters | B.flashes | C.scenes | D.stages |
56.A.draw | B.do | C.presont | D.accept |
57.A.but | B.and | C.so | D.or |
58.A.abandon | B.challenge | C.mail | D.treasure |
59.A.painful | B.nervous | C.pleasant | D.merciful |
60.A.choice | B.comparison | C.design | D.memory |