Question

9．It is often assumed that people with parents who lived to be very old are more likely to live to a grand old age themselves．
"But that's just not true-our study shows that hereditary factors don't play a major role and that lifestyle has the biggest impact．"says professor Lars Wilhelmsen，referring to the 1913 Men Study that formed the basis of the current research．
Those who did not smoke，consumed mild amou nts of coffee and had a good socio-economic status at the age of 50 （measured in terms of housing costs），as well as good？physical working ability at the age of 54 and low cholesterol （胆固醇） at 50 had the greatest chance of celebrating their 90th birthday．
"We're breaking new ground here．"says Wilhelmsen．"Many of these factors have previously been identified as playing a role in cardiovascular（心血管的 ）disease，but here we are showing for the first time that they are important for survival in general，"
He believes that it is significant that the research illustrates so clearly that it is the sum of our own habits that has the biggest impact．
"The study clearly shows that we can influence several of the factors that decide how old we get，"says Wilhelmsen．"This is positive not only for the individual，but also for society as it doesn't need any major drug costs，"
The study has been published in the Journal of Internal Medicine．
The 1913 Men study started up in 1963． A third of all male 50-year-old in Gothenburg were called for a check-up that focused on cardiovascular health． Every ten years since，a new group of 50-year-old has been called in and those who were already taking part in the study have been given another check-up． This has enabled researchers to follow the development of illnesses in a specific age group，and to compare the health of 50-year-old in 2003 with that of 50-year-old in 1963，for example． Women have also been included in the study since 2003． Data have been studied over the years． including BMI （体质指数），smoking habits，cholesterol，exercise habits and blood pressure，
The men born in l913 were examined when they were 50，54，60，67，75 and 80． Of the 855 men who took part in the study from the start，？111？（13%） were still alive at the age of 90．
Over the years the material has brought out many research articles． An interesting result came in 2008 when researchers were able to show that the drop in the number of smokers，combined with lower cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure，between 1963 and 2003 could offer an explanation for the marked downturn in the number of heart attacks during this 40-year period．
55． Which of the following statements is true'？C
A．Socio-economic status determines how healthy we are．
B．Cholesterol plays an important role in keeping us alive．
C．The amount of coffee consumption has an effect on our health．
D．How long we can live depends on how long our parents lived．
56．The 1913 Men Study helps us to realize that．A
A．we can do something to lengthen our life  
B． we don't need to take drugs for our diseases
C． we can always predict how long we can live
D． we need to balance the numbers of men and women
57．The earlier men involved in the 1913 Men Study were examined inBfor the second time．
A．1917      B．1967       C．1923        D．1973
58． From the article we can infer thatD．
A．more men than women are in the habit of smoking
B．scientists began to study men's habits in the year 1913
C．women tend to Live a longer life than man because of their good lifestyle
D．heart attack is related to smoking，cholesterol take-in and blood pressure．

Answer 1

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了1913研究，它帮助我们认识到我们可以做些什么来延长我们的生命．

解答 55．C．细节理解题，根据第三段physical working ability at the age of 54 and low cholesterol （胆固醇） at 50 had the greatest chance of celebrating their 90th birthday可知咖啡消费量对我们的健康有影响；故选C
56．A．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段The men born in l913 were examined when they were 50，54，60，67，75 and 80． Of the 855 men who took part in the study from the start，？111？（13%） were still alive at the age of 90可知1913研究帮助我们认识到我们可以做些什么来延长我们的生命；故选A．
57．B．推理判断题．根据最后一段An interesting result came in 2008 when researchers were able to show that the drop in the number of smokers，combined with lower cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure可知早期参与这项1913人研究的男性1967年进行了再次检查；故选B．
58．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段 An interesting result came in 2008 when researchers were able to show that the drop in the number of smokers，combined with lower cholesterol levels and lower blood pressure，between 1963 and 2003 could offer an explanation for the marked downturn in the number of heart attacks during this 40-year period可知吸烟、胆固醇和血压高与心脏病有关故选D．

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．