题目内容
2.Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week.The runners were observed on a treadmill machine.Sometimes they wore running shoes.Other times they ran barefoot.
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia,the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees,hips and ankle joints than running barefoot.They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of the American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature.It compared runners in the United States and Kenya.The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts,Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups.One group had always run shoeless.Another group had always run with shoes.And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first.That puts great force on the back of the foot.But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot.That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard's Daniel Lieberman led the study.He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels.The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe,so it would seem more likely to come down first.Also,the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
64.How many organizations are involved in the two studies?D
A.Three. B.Four.
C.Five. D.Six.
65.Why do running shoes increase the risk of injuries to runners?C
A.They create more stress.
B.They're too big and heavy.
C.They can affect the way the runners run.
D.Their heels can soften landings.
66.What can we learn from the text?A
A.Most running shoes are designed improperly.
B.The design of high heels is better than that of running shoes.
C.No one will run with running shoes in the future.
D.Both of the studies are done in America.
67.How did the researchers do the two studies?B
A.By practising. B.By comparing.
C.By questioning. D.By reasoning.
分析 文章主要阐述了两项研究的结果.两项新的研究显示,穿跑鞋对运动员的伤害会很大,而赤脚跑步能够减轻对膝盖、脚踝等的伤害.
解答 64.D.细节理解题.通读全文,可知这两项研究涉及JKM科技公司,弗吉尼亚大学,科罗拉多大学,哈佛大学,肯尼亚的莫伊大学和苏格兰的格拉斯哥大学六个组织;故选D.
65.C.推理判断题.根据最后一段:He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels.可知跑鞋会增加跑步者受伤的风险因为它们会影响跑步者的跑步方式;故选C.
66.A.推理判断题.根据最后一段:He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels.可知大多数跑鞋设计不当;故选A.
67.B.推理判断题.文章主要阐述了两项研究的结果.两项新的研究显示,穿跑鞋对运动员的伤害会很大,而赤脚跑步能够减轻对膝盖、脚踝等的伤害;可知主要通过比较研究;故选B.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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