题目内容

The dog had such _____to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.

A. devotion B. application

C. relief D. quality

 

A

【解析】

试题分析:考查名词辨析。A. devotion忠诚;B. application应用;C. relief欣慰;D. quality质量;句意:狗对主人有如此的忠心以致于即使主人死了也不肯离开。根据it would not leave him, even when he was dead.可知选A项。

考点 : 考查名词辨析

 

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Older people with hearing loss may suffer faster rates of mental decline. People who have hearing trouble suffered meaningful impairments in memory, attention and learning about three years earlier than people with normal hearing, a study published online January 21 in JAMA Internal Medicine reveals.

The finding supports the idea that hearing loss can have serious consequences for the brain,says Patricia Tun of Brandeis University in Waltham,Mass., who studies aging. “I'm hoping it will be a real wake-up call in terms of realizing the importance of hearing. ”

Compared with other senses, hearing is often overlooked, Tun says. “We are made to interact with language and to listen to each other, and it can have damaging effects if we don't.”

Frank Lin of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and colleagues tested the hearing of 1,984 older adults. Most of the participants, who averaged 77 years old, showed some hearing loss — 1,162 volunteers had trouble hearing noises of less than 25 decibels, comparable to a whisper or rustling leaves. The volunteers; deficits reflect the hearing loss in the general population: Over half of people older than 70 have trouble hearing.

Over the next six years, these participants underwent mental evaluations that measured factors such as short-term memory, attention and the ability to quickly match numbers to symbols. Everybody got worse at the tasks as time wore on, but people with hearing loss had an especially sharp decline, the team found. On average, a substantial drop in performance would come about three years earlier to people with hearing loss.

Lin cautions that the study has found an association between hearing loss and mental abilities; the researchers can't conclude that hearing loss directly causes the decline. Yet more and more studies are turning up ways that diminished hearing could damage the brain.

A person who can't hear well might avoid social situations, and isolation(孤立)is known to be bad for the brain. “You gradually become more socially withdrawn, ” Lin says. “Social isolation is a major, major factor for dementia(痴呆)and cognitive decline. ”

Other studies suggest that when people struggle to interpret and decode(译解)words, their brains divert energy away from other tasks, such as memory. Audiologist and psychologist Kathy Pichora — Fuller says that this brain drain happens to everyone, even people without hearing loss. Studies have shown that people are worse at remembering things when they're in a noisy room, for instance. People with hearing loss may be constantly diverting a large swath(—大片)of their brainpower,leaving less for other mental tasks, says Pichora— Fuller, of the University of Toronto Mississauga.

1. Mass does the research to _____ .

A. present the mental decline

B. attach importance to hearing

C. compare hearing with other senses

D. exaggerate the damaging effects

2.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. The outcome of the test.

B. The design of the test

C. The participants of the test.

D. The purpose of the test.

3.Dementia and cognitive decline mainly result from ____ .

A. social isolation B. hearing loss

C. memory loss D. speech impairment

4.The underlined word “divert” probably means _____ .

A. block B. accumulate C. shift D. change

 

This is not a typical summer camp. Michelle Pawlaw and eight other teenage girls are participating in the three—day camp offered by the Arlington County Fire Department located just outside Washington. Firefighter Clare Burley is in charge of the program,who said the purpose is to try to get young women interested in considering the fire service as a career.

The free-of-charge,overnight camp is designed to let the girls experience what firefighters do to protect the community. That includes some rigorous activities such as moving a fire victim. “I dindn’t think I could pull that 170 pound body with a friend, but I was actually able to do it.” she said.

They take classes and learn how to climb the ladder on a fire truck, operate emergency tools and rescue an injured person. They also do their share of cleaning the firehouse and the equipment.

“Every week without fail on a Saturday,the job is to wash all the equipment. And we wanted the girls to see this is what we do. This is a typical day in a firehouse,”she said.

Firefighting is still a male-dominated service,but Burley says with 22 women on its force of 320 the Arlington County Fire Department is above the national average of 4.5 percent. She joined the department seven years ago.

“We do everything that the guys do to the same standard. We are tested to the same standard. We are expected to operate at the same standard,”she said.

Most of the girls say they had never thought about becoming a firefighter. but the camp was a great learning experience. ”I think it is definitely not a job that only men can do. Women can do it just as well as men can,”said Michelle Pawlaw.

1.What’s the purpose of the summer camp?

A. To tell the girls how to put firefighting knowledge into practice.

B. To teach the girls what to do when caught in fire.

C. To provide the girls with a typical summer camp.

D. To attract more girls to take firefighting as a career.

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 5?

A. Arlington County Fire Department is in the lead in employing women firefighters.

B. Arlington County Fire Department is the first to employ women firefighters.

C. More and more women are ready to join the fire department.

D. No women ever want to perform the firefighting service.

3.What can we infer from Michelle’s words in the last paragraph?

A. She has determined to join the firefighters in the future.

B. She will persuade her fellow students to join in the camp.

C. She realizes that women can also be good firefighters.

D. She decides that she’ll join in the camp again later.

4.What can we learn about the summer camp according to the passage?

A. American fire departments often hold such events.

B. It is sponsored by Arlington County Fire Department.

C. The girls spent their night in the summer camp,which lasted 3 days.

D. It is very popular among American girl students.

 

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