Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human-to-human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human-to-human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.

The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.

Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University’s Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”

“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”

Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”

“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists’ skills to close this knowledge gap.”

Professor Miles Carroll, a co-author of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”

1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A. How severe Ebola virus is.

B. How Ebola virus spreads.

C. How Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.

D. What contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.

2.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?

A. In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.

B. As the virus spreads, it’ll change and become more and more deadly.

C. The research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.

D. The scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.

3.The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ______.

A. optimistic B. deadly

C. common D. fantastic

4.Where can we probably read this passage?

A. In a science report. B. In a storybook.

C. In an advertisement. D. In a textbook.

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Of all the things that make me happy, music is that I like best. Music has a strong effect on me in different way. Sometimes it helps me feel in relief even when things go wrongly. Sometimes it makes me to burst into tears in an instant but I still want to enjoy it again. More importantly, music is just like a devoting friend who cares about me all the time. With this friend encouraged me now and then, I have learned to be confident of me and smile at the world. Honestly speaking, music plays so an important part in my life that nothing can take place of it. What a wonder that human begins had ever created!

In June 2016, Huffington Post and Mail Online reported that three-year-old Victoria Wilcher, who had suffered facial scarring, had been kicked out of a KFC because she was frightening customers. Later, KFC announced that no evidence had been found to support the story. This phenomenon is largely a product of the increasing pressure in newsrooms that care more about traffic figures.

Brooke Binkowski, an editor, says that, during her career, she has seen a shift towards less editorial oversight in newsrooms. “Clickbait is king, so newsrooms will uncritically print something unreal. Not all newsrooms are like this, but a lot of them are.”

Asked what the driving factor was, a journalist said, “You’ve an editor breathing down your neck and you have to meet your targets. And there are some young journalists on the market who are inexperienced and who will not do those checks. So much news that is reported online happens online. There is no need to get out and knock on someone’s door. You just sit at your desk and do it.”

Another journalist says, “There is definitely pressure to churn out (粗制滥造) stories in order to get clicks, because they equal money. At my former employer in particular, the pressure was on due to the limited resources. That made the environment quite horrible to work in.”

In a February 2017 report for Digital Journalism, Craig Silverman wrote, “Today the bar for what is worth giving attention to seems to be much lower. Within minutes or hours, a badly sourced report can be changed into a story that is repeated by dozens of news websites, resulting in tens of thousands of shares. Once a certain critical mass is reached, repetition has a powerful effect on belief. The rumor(传闻) becomes true for readers simply by virtue of its ubiquity.”

And, despite the direction that some newsrooms seem to be heading in, a critical eye is becoming more, not less important, according to the New York Times’ public editor, Margaret Sullivan. “Reporters and editors have to be more careful than ever before. It’s extremely important to question and to use every verification(验证) method available before publication.” Yet those working in newsrooms talk of doubtful stories being tolerated because, in the words of some senior editors, “a click is a click, regardless of the advantage of a story”. And, “if the story does turn out to be false, it’s simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.”

Verification and fact-checking are regularly falling victim to the pressure to bring in the numbers, and if the only result of being caught out is another chance to bring in the clicks, that looks unlikely to change.

1.According to Brooke Binkowski, newsrooms produce false news because _____.

A. clicks matter a lot B. resources are limited

C. budgets are inadequate D. journalists lack experience

2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A. Lies can’t sell without an atom of truth.

B. Rumors are like a flame blown by the wind.

C. You can hear rumors, but you can’t know them.

D. A lie, repeated often enough, will end up as truth.

3.What’s Margaret Sullivan’s attitude towards false news online?

A. Negative. B. Supportive.

C. Skeptical. D. Neutral.

4.What is the passage mainly about?

A. Consequences of false stories. B. Causes of online false news.

C. Incompetence of journalists. D. A craze to get clicks.

This habit was picked from my teacher back in 1988. Back then it seemed trivial（琐碎）and not likely to make any significant influence on my life.1.

The habit that has made the greatest influence on my life is scheduling. In my mind, it is the tiny daily habit that indeed can be life-changing. Scheduling is not just about the ordering of tasks throughout the day. 2.If you are able to design the right schedule and follow it, you are able to gain massive rewards for your work.

3.However, everything is likely to boil down to the most precious asset（财富）, namely time. If you are able to master your time and follow the schedule, you will not lose any minute doing things that do not matter or add no value. The tiny daily habit of scheduling your day is important. In the short term, it might seem boring and inefficient. 4.It can provide you with the greatest opportunity possible.

A. Master your time

B. Only time will tell.

C. Forming tiny daily habit is not an easy task for us.

D. However, a few years later I realized its true power.

E. It is about the proper allocation and usage of your time and effort.

F. One can endlessly argue about the things that have the biggest value in our lives.

G. However, in the long run, the habit of scheduling your tasks and plans will pay off.

1.Plastic is a widely used ____________.(材料)

2.There are many students _______(毕业) from high school every year.

3.He is always looks_________ even in defeat.(乐观的)

4.It took us all day to reach our ____________(目的地)．

5.I will go if my health ___________(允许)．

6.Always ask for a _________(收据) from a taxi driver so that you can complain if you have been over-charged.

7.This wounded soldier was _________（无意识的）from his loss of blood.

8.I think you should go back to your ______(最初的)plan.

9.The price of this type of computer ________（变化）in different shops.

10.They sat on the hillside, __________ (凝视)out across the valley.

1.Even the most gifted can have c_____ (信心) destroyed by the wrong instructor.

2.Johnston’s name was obviously a_____(缺席) from the list.

3.The mother b_____(弯腰) over and kissed the baby on her cheek.

4.They cannot cope with the huge cost a_____(积累) over the past few years.

5.He f_____(原谅) her for what she had said to him.

6.The little girl kept her eyes f_____(注视) on the wall behind him.

7.It is very c_____(考虑周到的) of you to send me a postcard.

8.After a long h_____(犹豫), he told the truth at last.

9.Their p_____(目的) is to build a fair society and a strong economy.

10.A_____(调整) your tie is often a sign of nervousness.

Countries may be ranked by many various groups, such as how expensive or interesting they are to foreign tourists. They can also be ranked by their openness and friendliness toward visitors. You might be shocked to find out that, for example, the USA is number 102 on the list of the least welcoming places, 140 being the most unfriendly land.

Mongolia

Mongolia was closed for quite some time and opened up to foreigners only 20 years ago. That’s probably the major reason why it is not yet experienced enough in hosting tourists. The country is beautiful, with huge spacious areas of land that are low populated. There local people are not yet used to being visited by foreign guests.

Slovakia

There are, undoubtedly, pluses as well as minuses in every country. Slovakia is not the perfect destination for a couple of reasons. First and foremost, Slovakia is becoming more and more similar to the rest of European countries surrounding it. Sameness is not the best quality. As a rule, tourists want to travel and see things they have never seen before. It is good that the land’s countryside is still unique, although it is also being commercialized day by day.

Iran

Iran is not the best place to travel to. It is located close to Pakistan with its negative political atmosphere. Western visitors are not welcome over there and embassies (大使馆) advise against traveling to Iran. The population, contrary to the country’s government, consists of very friendly and welcoming people.

Kuwait

In Kuwait people are warm and friendly. It has a unique history, plenty of traditions and customs. People respect their culture and are very religious. It is a Muslim country, which means that you are not allowed to drink alcohol. If you happen to visit Kuwait during Ramadan, you will not be allowed to eat in public places, either.

Russia

Russia is truly a special place. It is definitely worth visiting. What you might not find attractive is the corruption and bureaucracy (官僚主义) that rule in some certain official circles. Another nuisance you should be ready for is that, as a visitor, you’ll be asked to receive an invitation. Only then will you be able to apply for a visa. Once you arrive in Russia, you’ll be warmly greeted and accepted by the local people.

1.You’ll meet friendly people in the following countries except in _____.

A. Iran

B. Kuwait

C. Mongolia

D. Russia

2.Which of the statements is true according to the text?

A. You can apply for a visa for Russia at will.

B. If you’re fond of drinking, then Kuwait is not an ideal destination.

C. You’re not advised to travel in Iran due to its high cost.

D. Mongolia is a beautiful country with much experience in hosting tourists.

3.Where does this passage probably come from?

A. A news report

B. A lecture speech

C. An advertisement

D. A text book

Seven tips to good table manners

Whether it’s dinner at a friend’s house or a business meeting over lunch, we judge people based on their table manners. But what can you do if your kids do not behave themselves at the dinner tables? The following are seven tips to set your children on the road to good table manners:

●Look for the good. Instead of pointing out(指出) all the things your children do wrong, point out what they do right. Please say, for example, “ I am so proud of yu. It was wonderful the way you served yourself.”

●Don’t turn dinner into an unpleasant “lecture time”. That will turn kids off not only manners, but dinner, and you, too.[

●Check your own example. Don’t show up for dinner in just your underwear (内衣) unless you want your kids to do the same.

●Don’t always consider your kids lazy and dirty ones. Instead, point out the behavior in a tender way. For example: “It’s a good idea to unfold your napkin, so if food falls you won’t dirty your clothes.”

●Teach your kids good manners in the form of a game. One night a week, try to have a formal dinner. Try dressing up, serve a special meal, and expect more formal manners. That will help improve their sense ( 意识) of manners.

● Make kids understand part of the tradition. Invite guests over and let kids help serve them. This helps them indirectly learn about table manners.

●Try dining out once in a while. Fast food restaurants aren’t counted(算在内). Try a nice restaurant and let kids order their own food, pay the bill and give the tip.

1.The passage is mainly written for ____.

A. kids B. parents

C. hosts D. guests

2.Which of the following should parents do to help their kids learn good table manners?

A. Try dining out in fast food restaurants once in a while

B. Point out what’s wrong with the kids’ behavior at dinner.

C. Keep telling the kids how to behave themselves at dinner.

D. Improve kids’ sense of manners by having a formal dinner at times.

3.The kids should do the following EXCEPT _____.

A. going to a formal dinner in underwear B. helping parents to serve the guests

C. ordering their own food and paying the bill D. unfolding the napkin to keep their clothes clean

4.The underlined part “turn kids off” in the second tip probably mean “_____”

A. make kids pleased with B. make kids interested in

C. make kids tired of D. make kids fond of

我校校报Superview需要一些介绍中国著名省市的稿件。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇介绍云南省的短文，并投稿。

地名	云南省（南部美丽的云彩）
位置	最云南的省份
面积	393,000平方公里
民族	拥有25个少数民族
地理特征	拥有高山，湖泊和热带雨林
稀有动物	被誉为“动物王国”，有金丝猴，亚洲象等
植物	“世界花园”，拥有世界上一半的植物物种
自然奇观	石林、虎跳峡等

要求：1.可适当填加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.词数100词左右。

参考词汇：石林Stone Forest 虎跳峡Tiger Leaping Gorge 物种species

热带雨林rainforest 少数民族ethnic minority

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