题目内容

我校校报Superview需要一些介绍中国著名省市的稿件。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇介绍云南省的短文，并投稿。

地名

云南省（南部美丽的云彩）

位置

最云南的省份

面积

393,000平方公里

民族

拥有25个少数民族

地理特征

拥有高山，湖泊和热带雨林

稀有动物

被誉为“动物王国”，有金丝猴，亚洲象等

植物

“世界花园”，拥有世界上一半的植物物种

自然奇观

石林、虎跳峡等

要求：1.可适当填加细节，以使行文连贯；

2.词数100词左右。

参考词汇：石林Stone Forest 虎跳峡Tiger Leaping Gorge 物种species

热带雨林rainforest 少数民族ethnic minority

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Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human-to-human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.

The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.

Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University’s Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”

“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”

Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”

“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists’ skills to close this knowledge gap.”

Professor Miles Carroll, a co-author of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”

1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A. How severe Ebola virus is.

B. How Ebola virus spreads.

C. How Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.

D. What contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.

2.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?

A. In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.

B. As the virus spreads, it’ll change and become more and more deadly.

C. The research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.

D. The scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.

3.The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ______.

A. optimistic B. deadly

C. common D. fantastic

4.Where can we probably read this passage?

A. In a science report. B. In a storybook.

C. In an advertisement. D. In a textbook.

A 16-year survey on the arctic Norwegian island of Svalbard found the reindeer（驯鹿）there have declined in weight by an alarming 12 percent. The reduction in average body-mass is being blamed on global warming.

In research presented lately at a meeting of the British Ecological Society in Liverpool, scientists will explain how rising temperatures are making female reindeer difficult to obtain nutrients during important periods of being pregnant.

Snow in Svalbard typically covers the ground for eight months of the year, which, combined with low temperatures, limits grass growth to June and July. But as summer temperatures have increased by around 1.5℃, grasslands have become more productive, allowing female reindeer to gain more weight by the autumn and therefore to conceive（孕育）more calves.

However, warmer winters have brought with them greater rainfall which freezes when is settles on the snow, therefore locking out the reindeer from the life-supporting food below. As a result, female reindeer are becoming starved, causing them to give birth to much lighter young. The average mass of an adult reindeer in 1998, when the survey began, was 55kg, but by 2016 IT had dropped to 48kg.

Professor Steve Albon, an ecologist at the James Hatton Institute in Aberdeen , said that, because the mammals have a relatively high surface-area-to-volume ratio（表面积与体积比）, they are no particularly energy efficient.

Reindeer can often access the inadequate food sources beneath the snow by clearing IT away with their antlers（鹿角）, but they cannot break through the hard ice. Without access to the food in winter, calves are being born far lighter than they should be. Numbers of reindeer have also increased rapidly in the past 20 years, meaning that those which are born are facing greater competition for food. “The implication（含义）are that there may well be more smaller reindeer in the Arctic in the coming decades, but possibly at the risk of catastrophic die-offs because of increased ice on the ground,”said Professor Albon Despite the gloomy findings, reindeer appear to be suffering less from the impact of climate change than some other arctic species.

1.Which of the following may be the most important reason for the smaller reindeer?

A. Heavy snow.

B. Greater rainfall.

C. Hard ice.

D. Global warming.

2.According to the passage, rising temperatures will not lead to_________.

A. grass growing more rapidly in summer

B. more rainfall in the arctic area in winter

C. female reindeer’s gaining more weight in winter

D. female reindeer’s suffering from hunger in winter

3.What does the underlined word“gloomy”in the last paragraph mean?

A. Exciting.

B. Optimistic.

C. Disappointing.

D. Doubtful.

4.How does the writer develop the passage?

A. By analyzing the research.

B. By classification of reindeer.

C. By comparing opinions of experts.

D. By telling stories of different species.

Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats， four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.

Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.

Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The govemment has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.

Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those pilots of larger planes Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find redatively easy to meet.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.

C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.

2.Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?

A. It causes traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate.

C. It is very expensive. D. It bums too much fuel.

3.What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?

A. Cautious B. Favorable.

C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s Fist Flight

C.Pilots’Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality

Last spring, I was fortunate to be chosen to participate in an exchange study program. In my application letter, I was careful to______how much I wanted to see France; evidently, my excitement really came through in my words. Once I_____that I was going, all I could think about was the fun of foreign travel and making all sorts of new and_____friends. While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was_____， nothing about my term in France was what I_____.

The moment I arrived in Paris, I was______by a nice French couple who would become my host parents. My entire experience was joyous and exciting______I received some shocking news from my program coordinator(协调人): there had been a death in my host parents' extended family. They had to travel outside France for several weeks. That afternoon, I had to______out of one family's house and into another. The exchange coordinator told me I'd have a ______this time and asked whether I could share a bedroom with an English speaker. To avoid the temptation (诱惑)to______my native language, I asked not to be_____with an Englishspeaking roommate. When I got to my new room, I_____myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian (巴西人)the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew we'd be good friends for the rest of the______.

I left France with many____， so when people ask me what my favorite part of the trip was, they are always______to hear me talk about my Brazilian friend Paolo and the scores of weekdays in class, weeknights on the town, and weekends____ France we enjoyed together. I love how people_____seem so different, but end up being so______. The most valuable lesson I gained from studying in France wasn't just to respect the French people______to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away. I would recommend an exchange program to anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful_____.

1.A. discuss B. express C. announce D. argue

2.A. approved B. knew C. warned D. denied

3.A. stubborn B. anxious C. universal D. interesting

4.A. boring B. upsetting C. exciting D. promising

5.A. expected B. liked C. doubted D. feared

6.A. sponsored B. witnessed C. greeted D. supported

7.A. until B. when C. since D. while

8.A. move B. travel C. walk D. rush

9.A. housekeeper B. leader C. roommate D. colleague

10.A. learn B. appreciate C. speak D. master

11.A. combined B. fitted C. involved D. placed

12.A. added B. introduced C. devoted D. adapted

13.A. term B. week C. month D. vacation

14.A. presents B. suitcases C. stories D. dreams

15.A. surprised B. disturbed C. embarrassed D. concerned

16.A. analyzing B. exploring C. describing D. investigating

17.A. need B. shall C. must D. can

18.A. generous B. independent C. similar D. distant

19.A. and B. but C. or D. so

20.A. instructions B. friendships C. facts D. data

The percentage of women working in technology has decreased since the 1990s.Women make up only a quarter of all jobs in computer and math professions.I think all girls should learn how to code（编码）.Here is why.

If we want to be part of one of the fastest growing job markets out there,we need to jump on board!Over the last ten years the growth in STEM jobs has been three times faster than that in non-STEM fields.Women will never be able to keep up with men in the professional workplace if we don't join the fastest growing fields.

Just like hundreds of years ago,people who could read and write controlled the future,and now those who are at home with technology will shape the world we live in.You can use coding in every aspect of your life,even if you don't enter a field that involves coding.You cant use coding to create your own website or to program games.You can animate your YouTube videos,or make graphic designs.Programming is now being used in every profession, including medicine and airplane design.

You can have fun creating your own website,programming a robot to get the remote for you when you're lying on the couch,photoshop pictures to change the color scheme to something better than the Instagram filters,and so much more.Coding allows you to realize your wildest dream,and create anything you can imagine.Coding allows you to rule the world.

It's not very hard to learn to code.You could learn to code on YouTube,in the Girls Who Code club;you could take a free course online on Code Academy;you could even just Google how to code.

You learned to read,you learned to drive-now learn to code.

1.It can be inferred from Paragraph 1 that .

A. technology isn't suitable for women

B. it's harder for women to find work now

C. more women should work in technology

D. there are no math professions for women

2.In the author's opinion,nowadays coding .

A. is mainly used for work

B. is widely used in our life

C. is an ability of just some people

D. means better reading and writing ability

3.Coding can help you achieve many EXCEPT .

A. getting a promotion

B. creating anything you imagine

C. making program games

D. setting up your own website

Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”

A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.

The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.

Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.

1.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________.

A. run out of human control

B. satisfy human’s real desires

C. command armies of killer robots

D. work faster than a mathematician

2.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able to ________.

A. prevent themselves from being destroyed

B achieve their original goals independently

C. do anything successfully with given orders

D. beat humans in international chess matches

3.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to ________.

A. help super intelligent machines work better

B. be secure against evil human beings

C. keep machines from being harmed

D. avoid robots’ affecting the world

4.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?

A. It will disappear with the development of AI.

B. It will get worse with human interference.

C. It will be solved but with difficulty.

D. It will stay for a decade.

Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.

A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever

Have you ever tasted or perhaps heard of sugar painting? As fewer people choose to make this kind of painting, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a 1.(distance)memory in some ways.2., a 38-year old craftsman, Li Jianzhong, is committed to3.(keep)the art of sugar painting alive.

Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 4.mine closed down, Li turned to housing decoration, until he 5.(force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in and a strong desire to learn.

Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 6.(he) through large quantities of videos and information on the internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy7.(learn) the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make a 8.(vary) of sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with melted brown or white sugar. Craftsmen 9.(normal) paint animals and flowers on a stone board with the syrup(糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 10.appears is a piece of sugar art.

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