题目内容

12.TV advertisements often tell people to drink more.Drink makers are using some famous sportsmen to support their so-called power and energy drinks,claiming they are all needed.(36)D
Water is essential for human health.However,when you neglect your sense of thirst and manage to take in several glasses of water a day just because you have been told that doing so is good for your health,you actually put unnecessary burdens on your body in two major ways.(37)F Since your blood volume exists within a closed system,increasing your blood volume on a regular basis puts unnecessary burden on your heart and blood vessels.Drowning your system with more water is one of many potential causes of inner damage.Your kidneys will have to work overtime,and they must separate extra water out of your circulatory system.(38)A
The information is particularly important for parents to pass on to their children.So how much water should you drink to best support your health?Some people suggest that you should pay more attention to your diet.It is practicable to get water from liquids or whole foods that are rich in it when you do find yourself in need of water.(39)C If you do not use much or any salt,your need for drinking water goes down even further.
The best guidance I can provide on this issue is to follow your sense of thirst.(40)B They can almost always realize that they are indeed thirsty,if you ask such people if they are thirsty and would like a piece of fruit or a glass of water.Please share this article with family and friends,as many people are regularly misinformed on this topic by mainstream media.

A.If not,your health will be in bad condition.
B.Most people are easy to ignore a dry mouth.
C.By doing so,you may not need to drink much water at all.
D.They then go on to claim these drinks are better for you than water.
E.They help you prevent kidney damage and increase concentration levels.
F.Taking in more water than you need can increase your total blood volume.
G.They will believe that thirst is not a reliable indicator of how much water they need.

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章向我们叙述了正确判断自己需要饮用多少水的方式,饮用比你需要的更多的水会增加你的身体负担,而 大多数人很容易忽视一个干燥的嘴,因此,我们一定要注意自己的身体状况,饮用适当的水

解答 36.D.推理判断题.根据前文"Drink makers are using some famous sportsmen to support their so-called power and energy drinks,claiming they are all needed",饮料制造商使用的是一些著名的运动员来支持他们所谓的能量饮料,声称他们是有必要的,因此下文为然后他们继续声称这些饮料对你比水好;故选D.
37.F.推理判断题.根据前文"you actually put unnecessary burdens on your body in two major ways",你实际上把不必要的负担,在你的身体在两个主要方面,因此下文应为不必要的原因引用比你需要的更多的水可以增加你的总血容量;故选F.
38.A.推理判断题.根据前文"Your kidneys will have to work overtime,and they must separate extra water out of your circulatory system",你的肾脏必须加班,他们必须将额外的水分开你的循环系统,因此下文为对立的情况如果不是,你的健康状况会不好;故选A.
39.C.推理判断题.根据后文"If you do not use much or any salt,your need for drinking water goes down even further",如果你不使用太多或任何盐,你对饮用水的需求会进一步下降 为减少饮水的方法,因此应填通过这样做,你可能不需要喝太多的水;故选C.
40.B.推理判断题.根据后文"They can almost always realize that they are indeed thirsty,if you ask such people if they are thirsty and would like a piece of fruit or a glass of water",他们几乎总是能够意识到他们的确是渴了,如果你问这样的人是否他们口渴了需要一块水果或一杯水,这样的人就是指大多数人很容易忽视一个干燥的嘴;故选B.

点评 考察学生的推理判断能力和联系上下文的能力,在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.此类的填空题一定要联系上下文,根据上下文的内容加上自己的理解,再作出正确的判断.

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3.Having worked at a 7-Eleven store for two years,I thought I had become successful at what our manager calls"customer relations".I firmly believed that a friendly smile and an automatic"sir","ma'am",and"thank you"would see me through any situation that might arise,from soothing(安慰,劝慰)impatient or unpleasant people to apologizing for giving out the wrong change.But the other night an old woman shattered  my belief that a glib(非诚恳的)response could smooth over the rough spots of dealing with other human beings.
The moment she entered,the woman presented a sharp contrast to our shiny store with its bright lighting and neatly arranged shelves.Walking as if each step were painful,she slowly pushed open the glass door.She coughed dryly,breathing noisily with each breath.On a forty-degree night,she was wearing only a faded print dress,a thin sweater too small to button,and black slippers with the backs cut out to expose heels.There were no stockings or socks on her blue-veined legs.
After strolling around the store for several minutes,the old woman stopped in front of the rows of canned vegetables.She picked up some corn niblets and stared with a strange intensity at the label.At that point,I decided to be a good employee and asked her if she needed help.As I stood close to her,my smile became harder to maintain; her red-rimmed eyes were partially closed by yellowish crusts; her hands were covered with layer upon layer of dirt,and the unpleasant smell of sweat rose in a thick vaporous cloud from her clothes.
"I need some food,"she muttered(嘟囔)in reply to my bright"Can I help you?"
"Are you looking for corn,ma'am?"
"I need some food,"she repeated."Any kind."
"Well,the corn is ninety-five cents,"I said in my most helpful voice."Or,if you like,we have a special on bologna(大红肠)today."
"I can't pay,"she said.
For a second,I was tempted to say,"Take the corn."But the employee rules flooded into my mind:Remain polite,but do not let customers get the best of you.Let them know that you are in control.For a moment,I even entertained the idea that this was some sort of test,and that this woman was someone from the head office,testing my loyalty.I responded dutifully,"I'm sorry,ma'am,but I can't give away anything for free."
The old woman's face collapsed a bit more,if that were possible,and her hands trembled as she put the can back on the shelf.She shuffled(蹒跚)past me toward the door,her torn and dirty clothing barely covering her bent back.
Moments after she left,I rushed out the door with the can of corn,but she was nowhere in sight.For the rest of my shift,the image of the woman kept coming to my mind.I had been young,healthy.She had been old,sick and desperate.Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot,I was saddened to realize how fragile a hold we have on our better instincts(本能,天性).

55.What does the underlined world"shatter"in Paragraph 1probably meanB?
A.maintain.B.break.C.hold.D.lose.
56.Which is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 2C?
A.The old lady's clothes.
B.The environment of the store.
C.The writer's feeling.
D.The old lady's difficulty in walking.
57.What can we learn from the textD?
A.The old lady couldn't afford the foods at the store.
B.The writer was an experienced shop assistant.
C.The writer talked with the old lady in a polite way.
D.The old lady was satisfied with his service.
58.According to the text,which is not the employee ruleC?
A.You should wear a friendly smile on your face.
B.You should use polite words,such as"sir","ma'am","thank you".
C.You should do whatever the customers asked you to do.
D.You should be clear about your duty and be loyal to the company.
59.How did the writer feel after the old lady left the storeC?
A.Annoyed.
B.Pleasant.
C.Regretful.
D.Embarrassed.
60.What's the best title for the textC?
A.A Lady and I                             
B.Working at A Store.
C.If Only …
D.Sadness.
7.Two European Summer Must‘Seas'
When you think of summer,the beach,clear water,sunny skies,and relaxing days are a few things that come to mind,and two of the best places to experience these summer feels are two gorgeous European bodies of water:the Mediterranean Sea and the Adriatic Sea!These two incredible Seas hold some of my favorite travel memories.and I would revisit each one in a heart beat!
The Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea can be accessed from various European countries as well as a few North African countries.And while many think of visiting Ibiza,Malta,or the Greek islands to experience the Mediterranean,my Mediterranean beach days came while visiting the seaside city of Marseille in the South of France!Marseille was a lovely city with easy access to the Sea,also with pretty sandy beaches.The gorgeous crystal clear blue water made it unlike any beach day in America!Not only were the beaches amazing,but the city of Marseille was adorable and filled with numerous cute shops and seaside restaurants.And the Mediterranean-style food was delicious!
The Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea is equally as stunning and surely worth a visit!The Croatian coast has numerous beach clubs,some private and some public,that tourists are able to visit and you can experience the beauty of the Adriatic Sea there!Zrce Novalja,a Croatian seaside town I visited,was impressively featured by the rather rocky beach in place of sand.The rocks were small and smooth,making swimming in the sea and wading in the water just as easy as sandy beaches!Plus the locals in Croatia are also extremely friendly,making the experience even more memorable.
21.The writer's trip to the two seas was full ofC.
A.unbearable hardships        
B.various adventures
C.wonderful experiences       
D.funny events
22.From which place did the writer get to the Mediterranean Sea?D
A.Ibiza.                     
B.Malta.
C.The Greek islands.         
D.Marseille.
23.What makes Zrce Novalja so special?C
A.Its beach clubs.               
B.Its beautiful sea.
C.Its rocky beach.               
D.Its friendly locals.
17.Six Sigma is a process that helps companies focus on developing and delivering near-perfect products and services.The word"sigma"is a statistical term that measures how far a given process falls short of perfection.The central idea behind Six Sigma is that if a company can measure how many"defects"they have in a commercial production process,they can systematically figure out how to get rid of the problems and get as close to"zero defects"as possible.
Training and teamwork are fundamental elements of the Six Sigma methodology.In other words,companies need to have their team leaders and team members trained to carry out the Six Sigma processes.They must learn to use the measurement and improvement tools.They also need to learn communication skills necessary for them to involve customers and suppliers and to serve their needs.
Six Sigma was developed in 1986by Motorola,an American telecommunications company.Engineers in Motorola used it as an informal name for a plan to reduce faults in production processes.A few years later,Motorola extended the name"Six Sigma"to mean a general performance improvement method,beyond purely"defect reduction"in the production process.In 1995,Jack Welch,CEO of General Electrics(GE),decided to adopt Six Sigma in GE;and by 1998GE claimed that Six Sigma had brought about over three-quarters of a billion dollars of cost savings.
By 2000,Six Sigma was effectively established as an industry in its own right,involving the training,consultancy and practicing of Six Sigma methodology in all sorts of organizations around the world.Organizations as diverse as local governments,prisons,hospitals,the armed forces banks,and multi-national corporations have been adopting Six Sigma for quality and process improvement.

32.According to the passage,what is"Six Sigma"?B
A.A digital device to speed up production processes.
B.A set of techniques for quality and process improvement.
C.A program for training business leaders and employees.
D.A near-perfect process in business communication.
33.The underlined word"defects"in Paragraph 1is closest in meaning toA.
A.faults     B.ideas    
C.measures   D.Products
34.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?D
A.Team leaders are responsible for training.
B.Measurement and improvement tools must be used.
C.It's necessary to learn communication skills.
D.It's important to have a well-trained team.
35.Which of the following is true?B
A.Six Sigma was invented by Jack Welch.
B.Six Sigma has existed for about 30years.
C.General Electrics began to adopt Six Sigma in 1998.
D.Six Sigma is adopted only by international corporations.
7.The federal school lunch program for 30 million low-income children was created more than half a century ago to combat malnutrition(营养不良).A breakfast program was added during the 1960s,and both attempted to improve the nutritional value of food served at school.
More must be done to fight the childhood obesity(肥胖) epidemic,which has caused a frightening peak in weight-related disorders like diabetes,high-blood pressure and heart disease among young people.The place to start is schools,where junk food sold outside the federal meals program-through snack bars and vending machines-has pretty much canceled out the benefits of all those efforts.
Federal rules that govern the sales of these harmful foods at school are limited and have not been updated for nearly 40 years.Until new regulations are written,children who are served healthy meals in the school cafeteria will continue to buy candy drinks and high sodium(钠) snacks elsewhere in school.
Many states'school districts have taken positive steps,but others are likely to resist,especially districts that sell junk food to finance athletic program extracurricular activities,and even copier expenses.
Those districts should take note of a study released in 2009 in West Virginia showing that the budgetary costs of switching from sodas to healthy drinks such as fruit juice,milk,and water were very little.Even if the switch costs money,so be it.The school should not be trading their students'health to buy office supplies.
Over the last five decades,the obesity rates for adolescents have tripled.Unless there is decisive action,weight and inactivity-related disorders will bother a steady larger proportion of the work force and replace smoking as the leading cause of premature death.

32.According to this passage,Bare to blame for the childhood obesity.
   A.weight-related disorders               B.high calorie snacks
   C.parents'bad habits                    D.unhealthy lunches and breakfast
33.Which is the main idea of Paragraph 3?B
   A.Federal governments deserve high praise for their school lunch program.
   B.New regulations are badly in need of updating.
   C.Children should be forbidden to buy snacks in school.
   D.Federal rules encourage snacks outside the school program.
34.The passage is concerned mainly withC.
   A.Malnutrition in low-income children
   B.The federal school lunch program
   C.obesity at school
   D.the nutritional value of food served at school
35.The tone of this passage isA.
   A.negative          B.indifferent          C.optimistic         D.ironic.
4.To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.No child imitates every action he sees.Sometimes,the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example.Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than"Monkey see,monkey do."
Look at it from the child's point of view.Here he is in a new situation,lacking a ready response.He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends.If he lacks a ready response for the situation,and cannot reason out what to do,he observes a model who seems able to get the right result.The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.?
There is a second element at work in this situation.The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him.When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message,he is told emphatically that such a racket(叫嚷) is unpleasant,that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly.Thus,the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly.One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response.Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others.If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect,he must adopt responses his social group approves.
In finding trial responses,the learner does not choose models at random.He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like,rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid.If the pupil wants to be a good violinist,he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players; while some other person may most influence his approach to books.?
Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole,and he becomes an identifying figure.We use some people as models over a wide range of situations,imitating much that they do.We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.

66.By the last sentence of the first paragraph,the authorC.
A.compares children's behaviors to monkey's
B.tells us that children do not learn by imitation
C.thinks it is partial to regard imitation as"Monkey see,monkey do."
D.means that children should not learn by imitating their parents
67.The first element at work when a child learns by imitation isA.
A.the need to find a way to attain the desired goal
B.the desire to be acknowledged by his social group
C.the desire to find an expert and authority
D.the need to find a way to avoid criticism
68.According to the third paragraph,besides achieving his goals,a child should also learn toD.
A.attain his desired results as soon as possible
B.show his love for his parents and friends
C.talk in a low voice
D.behave properly
69.It can be inferred that children usually imitate peopleB.
A.who do not scold them
B.who they want to be like
C.who have a high social status
D.who give them many rewards
70.The last two paragraphs are mainly aboutC.
A.how children learn by imitation
B.the motive of children's imitation
C.how children choose models
D.how imitation influence children's growth.

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