题目内容
4.To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.No child imitates every action he sees.Sometimes,the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example.Therefore we must turn to a more subtle theory than"Monkey see,monkey do."Look at it from the child's point of view.Here he is in a new situation,lacking a ready response.He is seeking a response which will gain certain ends.If he lacks a ready response for the situation,and cannot reason out what to do,he observes a model who seems able to get the right result.The child looks for an authority or expert who can show what to do.?
There is a second element at work in this situation.The child may be able to attain his immediate goal only to find that his method brings criticism from people who observe him.When shouting across the house achieves his immediate end of delivering a message,he is told emphatically that such a racket(叫嚷) is unpleasant,that he should walk into the next room and say his say quietly.Thus,the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly.One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response.Then other adults reward some actions and criticize others.If one is to maintain the support of others and his own self-respect,he must adopt responses his social group approves.
In finding trial responses,the learner does not choose models at random.He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like,rather than a person whose social status he wishes to avoid.If the pupil wants to be a good violinist,he will observe and try to copy the techniques of capable players; while some other person may most influence his approach to books.?
Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole,and he becomes an identifying figure.We use some people as models over a wide range of situations,imitating much that they do.We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.
66.By the last sentence of the first paragraph,the authorC.
A.compares children's behaviors to monkey's
B.tells us that children do not learn by imitation
C.thinks it is partial to regard imitation as"Monkey see,monkey do."
D.means that children should not learn by imitating their parents
67.The first element at work when a child learns by imitation isA.
A.the need to find a way to attain the desired goal
B.the desire to be acknowledged by his social group
C.the desire to find an expert and authority
D.the need to find a way to avoid criticism
68.According to the third paragraph,besides achieving his goals,a child should also learn toD.
A.attain his desired results as soon as possible
B.show his love for his parents and friends
C.talk in a low voice
D.behave properly
69.It can be inferred that children usually imitate peopleB.
A.who do not scold them
B.who they want to be like
C.who have a high social status
D.who give them many rewards
70.The last two paragraphs are mainly aboutC.
A.how children learn by imitation
B.the motive of children's imitation
C.how children choose models
D.how imitation influence children's growth.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了孩子通过模仿学习,需要找到一个方法来达到预期的目标,并且合理的表现,因此教的方法是树立一个好榜样,我们使用一些人作为模型,可以使孩子获得成功.
解答 66.C.细节理解题.根据文章第一段"the example the parent wants him to follow is ignored while he takes over contrary patterns from some other example"父母希望他效仿却被他忽视因为他从其他一些例子接管了相反的模式,可知后面是解决办法,即让孩子模仿父母让他做的;故选C.
67.A.推理判断题.根据文章第三段"One of the early things the child learns is that he gets more affection and approval when his parents like his response",最早的事情,孩子学习是他得到更多的爱和认可当他的父母喜欢他的反应;可知第一元素是需要找到一个方法来达到预期的目标;故选A.
68.D.细节理解题.根据文章第三段"the desire to solve any objective situation is overlaid with the desire to solve it properly",想要解决任何客观情况应该被妥善解决的渴望覆盖,因此孩子应学会合理表现;故选D.
69.B.推理判断题.根据文章第四段"the learner does not choose models at random.He imitates the person who seems a good person to be like",学习者不是随机选择模型的.他模仿的是一个很好的人是怎样的,可推测孩子们模仿的是他们喜欢的人;故选B.
70.C.主旨大意题.根据文章最后两段可知主要在讲孩子们不是随机选择模型的,他们模仿的是他们喜欢的人,因此我们使用一些人作为模型,使孩子获得成功,可推断再讲孩子是如何选择模型的;故选C.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
一______.You can use it;( )
A. | That's all right | B. | It's a pleasure | ||
C. | You are welcome | D. | Don't mention it |
- .There is no hurry.( )
A. | Take care | B. | That's OK | C. | It depends | D. | I hope not |
---_____.But taking the SAT may cost one more than 1,0000yuan.( )
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C. | I hope so | D. | That sounds ridiculous |