题目内容

11.Need for closure is a psychological term that describes a person's desire for a firm
answer to a question.Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty.Every person has their own baseline level of need for closure.It likely evolved via natural selection.
What I find really fascinating is how our need for closure is affected by the situation we're in.Our need for closure rises when we have to act rather than just observe,and it matters much more when we're rushed,or bored,or tired.Any stress can make our discomfort with uncertainty increase,and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions:who we decide to trust,whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are.
In hiring,for instance,a high need for closure leads people to put far too much weight on their first impression.It's called the Urgency Effect.In one experiment,psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them,right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate,that they'll be responsible in some way for them,or that their judgments have serious consequences.
In making any big decision,it's not enough just to know that we should take our time.
We all know that important decisions shouldn't be rushed.The problem is that we don't keep that advice in mind when it matters.So,one of the best solutions is to formalize the reminders.
Before making important decisions,write down not just advantages and disadvantages but what the consequences could be.Also,think about how much pressure you're under.If your need for closure is particularly high that day,it's even more important to think twice.
32.How does"need for closure"probably come into being?A
A.By nature.B.By accident.C.By acquiring.D.By imitating.
33.It can be inferred that a high need for closureC.
A.brings about more stress      
B.causes discomfort and uncertainty
C.leads to not so good decisions  
D.promotes one's creativity
34.In the experiment the psychologists reduced participants'need for closure by telling them toA.
A.be cautious about their judgments
B.value their first impression
C.be responsible for their boss
D.pay little attention to the consequences
35.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?D
A Another strategy to escape the pressures of modern life.
B.Some serious consequences of making decisions.
C.Other approaches to making important decisions.
D.More helpful solutions to high need for closure.

分析 本文是一篇科教类阅读,了结的需求是一个心理学术语,描述一个人渴望得到问题的确切答案,我们的了结的需要是我们的表现,想在在混乱和不确定中得到确切答案.本文以此展开谈论,主要讲述了了结的需求.

解答 32.答案:A.细节理解题.根据"Our need for closure is our natural preference for definite answers over confusion and uncertainty"可知,我们的了结的需求是我们的自然表现在混乱和不确定性想要获得明确答案时.故选A.
33.答案:C.细节理解题.根据"and a high need for closure negatively influences some of our most important decisions:who we decide to trust,whether we admit we're wrong and even how creative we are"可知,强烈的了结的需求会导致不好的决定.故选C.
34.答案:A.细节理解题.根据"In one experiment,psychologists tried to lower people's need for closure by telling them,right before participants are about to make various judgments of a job candidate,that they'll be responsible in some way for them,or that their judgments have serious consequences."可知,在实验中,心理学家减少参与者了结的需求,告诉他们要谨慎判断.故选A.
35.答案:D.推理判断题.根据文章最后一段,尤其是"If your need for closure is particularly high that day,it's even more important to think twice."可推测出,下文可能会讲"更有帮助解决了结的需求的方法.".故选D.

点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题.推理判断题.做题时学生应仔细阅读原文,把握文章主要内容,联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义,从中选出正确答案,一定要做到有理有据,切忌胡乱猜测.

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1.Soaping up your hands may do more than just get rid of germs,It may wash away the inner confusion  you feel right after being forced to make a choice between two appealing choices,according to a new study.The study builds on past research into a phenomenon known as"the Macbeth  effect".
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46.The  Macbeth effect refers to the fact thatA.
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C.people feel less guilty  by getting rid of invisible germs from their hands 
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A.they will overstate the goodness of their chosen choice
B.they will feel  regretful  for not choosing another
C.they will feel free due to the feeling of losing the other choice
D.they will think nothing of their chosen  choice any more to calm their inner conflict
48.According to Lee,the hand washers consider the judgment of choiceB.
A.more scientificB.unnecessary
C.a little convincingD.absolutely useless
49.What does  Schwarz need to research more?C
A.Whether people need to justify their choice.
B.Whether people feel more sorrow after washing hands.
C.Whether washing hands help over a  long period of time.
D.Whether washing hands is helpful to make a choice.
50.What  might  be the most suitable title for  the passage?D
A.Is Washing Hands Necessary to  Defeat Tension?
B.Washing Hands Washes Our Mind
C.Washing Hands Helps Make a Better Choice
D.Washing Hands Reduces the Stress of Decision.

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