Question

【题目】 Four and a half billion people worldwide live without a household toilet. Hundreds of millions of people are using facilities that are unhealthy and more than a billion people defecate (排泄) in the open.

Michael decided to take action in response to what is one of the world's greatest public health crises. He invited 32 health workers from 16 communities in the southern Highlands of Madagascar to attend a training to organize communities to completely wipe out open defecation.

After completing the initial training, the 32 health workers returned to their towns and got to work. They met with their community and began to map out their town. Together they toured the area and pointed out every spot where people often defecate. Many of them became embarrassed after realizing the high amount of human waste in their community. They then continued to make a bill for the total costs of trips to the local health center when being treated for gastrointestinal (肠胃的) diseases. They quickly began to realize the financial involvement, besides the health risks of open defecation.

The communities began to solve the problem on their own. They considered ways to reduce the cost, by using local materials. Bamboo fences were suggested as an alternative to wooden fences. Mud could be used to build walls instead of bricks. Before Michael starting his project, 267 toilets existed for the 6, 700 people living in the communities Michael aimed to reach. It was not enough at all. More than 300 additional toilets were built. He was pleasantly surprised by the enthusiasm he saw from the community towards making open defecation less.

【1】What is the purpose of Michael's project?

A.To change some people’s living traditions.

B.To help all people in poverty in the world.

C.To rid many people of the habit of open defecation.

D.To develop professional skills of health workers.

【2】What made the communities begin to build toilets?

A.Michael's healthy trainings for the locals.

B.Health workers' suggestions on defecation.

C.Too many spots where people often defecate.

D.The cost on diseases caused by open defecation.

【3】What do many of the locals think of open defecation after mapping out their town?

A.They take it for granted.B.They view it as a shame.

C.They think it unimportant.D.They value it as a tradition.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了全世界有45亿人没有家庭厕所。数亿人正在使用不健康的设施，超过10亿人在露天排便。迈克尔决定采取行动来应对世界上最大的公共卫生危机之一。他邀请来自马达加斯加南部高地16个社区的32名卫生工作者参加培训，组织社区彻底清除露天排便。

【1】细节理解题。根据"He invited 32 health workers from 16 communities in the southern Highlands of Madagascar to attend a training to organize communities to completely wipe out open defecation．"可知迈克尔计划的目的是使许多人摆脱露天排便的习惯。 故选C。

【2】细节理解题。根据"They then continued to make a bill for the total costs of trips to the local health center when being treated for gastrointestinal （肠胃的） diseases. They quickly began to realize the financial involvement， besides the health risks of open defecation."可知露天排便引起的疾病的费用促使社区建造厕所。故选D。

【3】推理判断题。根据"Together they toured the area and pointed out every spot where people often defecate. Many of them became embarrassed after realizing the high amount of human waste in their community."可知许多当地人在规划完他们的城镇后，他们认为露天排便是一种耻辱。 故选B。