题目内容
完形填空。阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In Mr. Allen’s high school class, all the students have to “get married”. However, the wedding ceremonies are not real ones but imitations (模拟). These ceremonies sometimes become so noisy that the loud laughter out the voice of the “minister”. the two students getting married often begin to laugh quietly.
The teacher, Mr. Allen, believes that marriage is a difficult and business. He wants young people to understand that there must be many after marriage. He believes that the for these psychological and financial adjustments should be understood before people .
Mr. Allen doesn’t only his students to major problems faced marriage such as illness or unemployment. He also lets them know the problems they will face every day. He wants young people to know about all the difficulties and troubles that can throw marriage to the point. He even familiarizes his students with the problems of divorce and the that divorced men must pay child money for their children and sometimes pay monthly some money to their .
It has been nervous for some of the students to the problems that a married couple often faces. they took the course, they had not felt much about the problems of marriage. both students and parents feel that Mr. Allen’s course is and have supported the publicly. Their statements and letters supporting the class have made the school more firmly believe that it’s necessary to the course again.
1.A. makes B. drowns C. dies D. takes
2.A. Just B. Yet C. Still D. Even
3.A. funny B. terrible C. serious D. beautiful
4.A. changes B. events C. choices D. children
5.A. way B. need C. possibility D. chance
6.A. graduate B. teach C. learn D. marry
7.A. lead B. put C. introduce D. explain
8.A. to B. in C. against D. on
9.A. practical B. painful C. physical D. proper
10.A. boiling B. freezing C. breaking D. melting
11.A. truth B. fact C. view D. reason
12.A. support B. medicine C. education D. care
13.A. parents B. lawyers C. wives D. families
14.A. settle B. know C. face D. forget
15.A. Since B. When C. Until D. After
16.A. excited B. satisfied C. disappointed D. worried
17.A. However B. Therefore C. Indeed D. Besides
18.A. worthless B. valuable C. interesting D. tiring
19.A. marriage B. problem C. course D. content
20.A. improve B. stop C. continue D. offer
请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
“I invented a new word. How do I get it into the dictionary?”
This is, by far, the question lexicographers(词典编纂者)hear the most. People invent new words all the time, but which ones actually make it into the dictionary? When lexicographers decide what words to add to dictionaries, they try to imagine what words users actually want to look up. There are important factors to keep in mind here.
1) Is the word in widespread usage?
The usage question is an important one that gets at the heart of how dictionaries are written. When modern lexicographers try to add words to dictionaries, they tend to approach their work from the angle of descriptivism — that is, they observe how the language is being used, see if it’s a common phenomenon, and then write definitions based on their research.
2) Does the word have staying power?
Widespread usage does not, however, guarantee a word a shiny new definition in a dictionary. Is the word going to stay around for a while, or is it just a passing fad? Is it likely to be in use in 5, 10, 20, or even 100 years? These are important questions to ask because there are far more updates and new words to be added to dictionaries than lexicographers have time to write.
3) Are you famous? Do you have influence?
If you’re famous, that could definitely up your chances of getting a word into a dictionary. Are you a writer? That could help. Take, for example, William Shakespeare, who invented (or at least popularized) hundreds of words and phrases commonly used today. Politicians also make their contributions. Abraham Lincoln invented the word neologize, and Winston Churchill has the first citation(引语)in the OED for many words, including fluffily and fly-in. So if you’re a person with influence and a following, the words you use can spread into common usage, which, as discussed above, is very important when it comes to gaining dictionary-entry.
4) Does the word fill a gap in the language?
If you’re not famous, there are other ways. Maybe you’re a scientist introducing new concepts to the public. Take, for example, the Higgs Boson particle(粒子), named after physicist Peter W. Higgs. But you don’t have to be a scientist to get your word a dictionary entry. Just look at Dominique Ansel, the pastry chef (糕点师) who captured the stomachs of New Yorkers with his dessert, the cronat. His invention even inspired copycats in the form of doissants and daffins.
Apart from these, it does sometimes help if the word is fun to say. The term blog is relatively new, which arose in 1999 when Peter Merholz made a light-hearted comment on the sidebar of his “weblog” telling his readers “I’ve decided to pronounce the word ‘weblog’ as wee’-blog. Or ‘blog’ for short.” And there’s also Dr. Seuss, who invented the term nerd.
So, why do some words make it into dictionaries while others don’t? With the knowledge discussed above in hand, the answer is more than obvious. Go forth! Use language creatively! Lexicographers are listening!
Title: How does a word gain 1. into the dictionary? | ||
Reasons | Details | Examples |
Being used 2. | With the approach of descriptivism, modern lexicographers will observe how commonly a word is used and 3. it according to their research. | |
Having staying power | The 4.a word remains in use, the more likely it is to be put into the dictionary. | |
Being invented by famous people | Chances of dictionary entry also 5.if the new word is invented by people of importance and influence. | hundreds of words and phrases invented by literary figures and 6. |
7.a gap in the language | If a word introduces new scientific concepts, or 8. new inventions, it will probably get into the dictionary. | the Higgs Boson particle; cromit, doissants, duffins |
Being fun to say | Some words make it into dictionaries because they carry a 9. of fun when you use them. | 10., nerd |