题目内容

Boys’schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity(男子气概),the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to be consistent to a stereotype(传统观念),a US study says.

Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their abilities to express their emotions,rather than feeling they had to obey the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”.

The findings of the study are against the received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

Tony Little,headmaster of Eton,warned that boys were being ignored by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

But in single-sex schools teachers can adjust lessons to boys’ learning style,letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom, wrote the study’s author, Abigail James of the University of Virginia.

Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy-focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them.Because boys generally have sharper vision,learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given “hands-on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.” Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine(女性的)and prefer the modern type in which violence and sexism are major themes.” James wrote.

Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to give in to a stereotype that men should be “masterful and in charge” in relationships.“In mixed schools boys feel pressed to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means.” the study reported.

1.The author believes that a single-sex school would

A.force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”

B.help to form masculine aggressiveness in boys

C.encourage boys to express their emotions more freely

D.naturally place emphasis on the traditional image of a man to boys

2.It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys

A.perform relatively better

B.grow up more healthily

C.behave more responsibly

D.receive a better education

3.What does Tony Little say about the British education system?

A.It fails more boys than girls academically.

B.It focuses more on mixed school education.

C.It fails to give boys the attention they need.

D.It places more pressure on boys than on girls.

4.According to Abigail James,one of the advantages of single-sex schools is

A. teaching can be designed to promote boys’ team spirit

B.boys can focus on their lessons without being absent-minded

C.boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in

D. teaching can be adapted to suit the characteristics of boys

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The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蚁堆).

Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn’t have to be imported.

The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通风口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.

During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.

This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature changes—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its hot summers and cold winters,” Pearce said.

The engineering firm of Ove Arup & Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned buildings, where up to 30% of the air is recycled.

1.Why was Eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building?

A. It was designed in a smaller size.

B. No air conditioners were fixed in.

C. Its heating system was less advanced.

D. It used rather different building materials.

2.What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?

A. Hollow space.

B. Baseboard vent.

C. Fresh air from outside.

D. Heat in the building.

3.Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?

A. New York has less clear skies as Harare.

B. Its dampness affects the circulation of air.

C. New York covers a larger area than Harare.

D. Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.

4.The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s temperature control system_____.

A. works better in hot seasons

B. can recycle up to 30% of the air

C. functions well for most of the year

D. allows a wide range of temperatures

根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

While serious training is important for all dogs, playtime is just as important. 1. Use these games to help teach your dog how to play.

1. Hide and Seek

Hide and seek isn’t just for kids. Dogs can really enjoy this game. Pick up one of your dog’s favorite toys or treats. Tell your dog to stay. 2. When you are ready, call your dog to come to you. If possible, squeak (使吱吱叫) the toy or shake the treats. Reward your dog with praise and the toy or treat when she finds you.

2. Fetch

Many dogs have a natural ability to fetch. Other dogs can be taught how. 3. Play indoors with a soft toy or outdoors in a fenced-in area with a ball or disc. For dogs that really love to run, try this game of fetch!

3. Find the Treat

Dogs have superior senses of smell, and most love to use their noses to find food. Let your dog use her brain and her nose to find hidden goodies. First, have your dog stay out of sight. Then, hide her favorite treats in various places around the room. 4. If help is needed, you can lead her around or point to areas for her to explore.

Whatever the game, safety comes first! Remember to watch your dog for signs of exhaustion or overheating when you are playing. Stop if your dog seems tired or shows signs of anxiety. 5. When other dogs or people are around, it may create a dangerous distraction.

A. Then, go to find a good hiding place.

B. Try different games to see which your dog responds to best.

C. A good game of fetch can be played almost anywhere.

D. You can include games in training as well.

E. Also be aware of your surroundings when playing with your dog.

F. Encourage your dog to play with other dogs.

G. Bring your dog back in and tell her to “go find!”

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A fear of heights is a common feeling that is easy to understand. According to many psychologists, a fear of heights is one of the only two natural fears --- the other is the fear of loud noises. 1. If you are not afraid, you could walk too close to the edge and fall off. Having a fear of heights is good because it protects us from real danger.

2. They experience an intense fear even inside a safe environment such as a skyscraper, which is not an appropriate response and it is not helpful. 3. “As long as I can remember, I have had a powerful fear of heights. It can completely ruin a vacation. For example, when I was with friends in Paris, I became terrified while going up to the Eiffel Tower. I was almost crying and I felt embarrassed for the rest of the vacation,” Adams said.

Fortunately, having an irrational(不合理的) fear of heights can be corrected. 4. The most effective way seems to be getting the people to acknowledge their fears, for example, by encouraging them to go to the top of tall buildings, hike up steep mountains, or stand on a high bridge.

5. When faced with a threatening situation, taking slow, deep breaths can help slow the heart rate and increase the oxygen flowing to muscles to keep from tensing up. If possible, a few minutes of meditation(冥想) may be effective in relieving some tension.

It is important to remember that an inappropriate fear of heights is not unusual and can be treated.

A. Another way to overcome a fear of heights is to learn to control the physical symptoms.

B. However, some people have an irrational (非理性的) and unhealthy fear of heights.

C. One way to defeat your fear of heights is to do an activity that involves nothing but heights.

D. There are a number of ways this can be achieved.

E. John Adams, an English teacher, has an irrational fear of heights that makes his life very difficult.

F. If you are on the edge of a cliff, it is useful to be a little afraid.

G. Nearly everyone experiences some degree of anxiety when exposed to heights.

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