题目内容

4.When students arrive on campus with their parents,both parties often assume that the college will function in loco parentis(处在父母位置),watching over its young charges,providing assistance when needed.Colleges and universities present themselves as supportive learning communities-as extended families,in a way.And indeed,for many students they become a home away from home.Ideally,the college nurtures(养育)its students,guiding them toward adulthood.
Lifelong friendships are formed,teachers become guides,and the academic experience is enriched by social interaction.For some students,however,the picture is less beautiful.For a significant number,the challenges can become overwhelming(压力过大).
In reality,administrators at American colleges and universities are often forced to focus as much on the new generation of students.Public institutions in particular are often faced with tough choices about which student support services to fund.Private colleges are feeling the pinch(棘手)as well.Although tuition and fees can increase as much as 6.6percent in a single year,as they did in 2007,the high cost of doing business at public and private institutions means that students are not necessarily receiving more support in return for increased tuition and fees.To compound the problem,students may be reluctant to seek help even when they desperately need it.
Just as colleges are sometimes ill equipped to respond to the challenges being posed by today's students,students themselves are sometimes ill equipped to respond to the challenges posed by college life.Although they arrive on campus with high expectations,some students struggle with shyness or perfectionism,learning disabilities or eating disorders•Still others experience failed relationships; some suffer from acute loneliness,or mental illness.
Unfortunately,higher education is sometimes more of an information delivery system than a
responsive,collaborative(合作的)process.We have created cities of youth in which students can pass through unnoticed,their voices rarely heard,and their faces rarely seen.As class size grows in response to budget cuts,it becomes even less likely that troubled students,or even severely disturbed,will be noticed.When they are not,the results can be tragic.
As a teacher of creative writing who has worked with many overwhelmed students,I have found that there are ways to communicate more effectively.Most students have stories they want to share,and students in trouble can be desperate to find someone who will listen to them.Parents,as their children's primary listeners,have a key role to play.Some young people are unable to find their own way out of the dark,and a meaningful dialogue can become a light for them to see by.That is not to say that writing can be used to identify mental illness; rather,I think some of the approaches writing teachers use to enter into a reflective dialogue with students can be adopted by parents and students who want to learn more about each other.Having witnessed what can happen when a student communicates with himself,I believe this kind of responsive,one-on-one communication is more important than ever.Students in creative writing classes may have no idea that they have revealed so much about themselves because,for them,writing is like speaking inside the pages of a journal.In fact,all of us who write reveal more than we imagine.This is one of the reasons why writing,even more than speaking,can provide us with important insights into ourselves and others.
Many of us don't know our students as well as we should,yet it can be easier than we imagine to begin these necessary dialogues.

分析 文章介绍大学的功能和大学的局限性,以及可以通过写作让学生彼此联系.

解答 71.serve/act/function   72.trouble/difficulty   73.financial   74.ensure/guarantee/provide   75.well   76.delivering/providing   77.unnoticed            78.approach        79.desperately/badly    80.writing
 71.serve/act/function
原词重现题:根据第一段的句子:When students arrive on campus with their parents,both parties often assume that the college will function in loco parentis(处在父母位置),watching over its young charges,providing  assistance when needed.可知大学起着支持的学习社区的作用,词组serve/act/function as起着…作用.
72.trouble/difficulty  
句意理解题:根据第二段的句子:Public institutions in particular are often faced with tough choices about which student support services to fund.Private colleges are feeling the pinch(棘手)as well.可知公立大学和私立大学都很难挑选出哪个支持的服务给学生财政支持,have trouble/difficulty (in) doing做…有困难.
 73.financial
句意理解题:根据第二段的句子:Public institutions in particular are often faced with tough choices about which student support services to fund.Private colleges are feeling the pinch(棘手)as well.可知公立大学和私立大学都很难挑选出哪个支持的服务给学生财政支持,这里需要形容词"财政的":financial.
 74.ensure/guarantee/provide
句意理解题:根据第二段的句子:the high cost of doing business at public and private institutions means that students are not necessarily receiving more support in return for increased tuition and fees.可知增加的学费不能保证对学生的支持,填ensure/guarantee/provide.
75.well
句意理解题:根据第三段的句子:students themselves are sometimes ill equipped to respond to the challenges posed by college life.可知一些有学习障碍的学生不能为大学生活做好准备,填well.
76.delivering/providing
词性转化题:根据第四段的句子:Unfortunately,higher education is sometimes more of an information delivery system than a responsive,collaborative(合作的)process.可知大学教育只是在传递信息,delivery改成delivering/providing.
77.unnoticed
原词重现题:根据第四段的句子:We have created cities of youth in which students can pass through unnoticed,可知大学教育不注意这些有困难的学生,填unnoticed.
78.approach
同义词转化题:根据第五段的句子:I have found that there are ways to communicate more effectively.可知这部分讲的是让学生有效的交流的方式,因为to后面接的是动名词,所以用approach.
79.desperately/badly
词性转化题:根据第五段的句子:and students in trouble can be desperate to find someone who will listen to them.可知学生非常需要被倾听,将形容词desperate改成副词desperately/badly.
 80.writing原词重现题:根据第五段的句子:This is one of the reasons why writing,even more than speaking,can provide us with important insights into ourselves and others.可知大学可以提供写作课让学生交流,所以填 writing.

点评 一、寻找关键词句
即要阅读过程中要善于所读应用文及其相关的匹配对象,寻找关键词句,整料上不同类别的应用文都有相对固定的要素,如培训班招生广告中多涉及课程、时间、地点、教师、学费、入学条件和联系方式等;剧院介绍则包括位置、联系电话、上演剧目、时间和票价等.而这些要素正是人物信息中个人关注的方面,所以,考生在详读人物信息时可以根据应用文的主题、话题或类别特点,以年龄、爱好、时间、地点、经济条件、工作技能等为线索,找出关键的不同信息.
二、寻找相关信息
即要依据所读材料的写作特点和写作的表现形式(格式),寻找相关信息点.有的应用文语言精炼简洁,有的甚至以短句、省略句等形式出现,考生应具备这方面的知识和能力,跳过一些与信息关联不大的生词,突破难点,匹配对应的内容.
三、比较相同和异同
要读懂、弄清匹配项与应用文之间的条件、范围等,有的条件有多个,范围有大有小,要列出要点,对比与其它匹配项的异同,排除干扰项,从而选定条件要点都相一致的那一工页.
四、划线关键信息
要用笔划出关键点,以便引起注意,有助于记忆、理顺思路.同时,对已选的匹配项,可用笔划线标明,以便减少混乱、减少错误,提高解题速度.

练习册系列答案
相关题目
15.Are you a bookworm?Is your head stuck in a book for long?If so,that's a good thing.There are many benefits to reading.Getting into a good novel improves our literacy(读写能力).But who or what encourages us to pick up a book and start reading?
    Of course,when we are young,our parents and teachers inspire us by introducing us to  characters that we love-or love to hate.And there are the authors-the people who invent and write about these characters.Good writing can really catch our imagination.
    One modern-day children's author is J.K.Rowling,who's known for her books about the wizard,Harry Potter.Last year she was named as a‘literacy hero'for her part in improving people's love of reading.The UK's National Literacy Trust awarded her the title for"turning a generation of children into readers."
    The Trust also honoured schoolchildren,a librarian and teachers for their effort in trying to get people to read.The actor,Henry Winkler,who has dyslexia(阅读障碍),Was also named for the books he has written about a boy with learning difficulties.
    Reading books is more than an enjoyable pastime;it can also help people in difficult circumstances.The author Pat Winslow worked as a writer in prisons and found reading and discussing stories helped prisoners reflect on their patterns of behaviour.She says"Very often we would have discussions about the moral compass of a character,what was the motivation of
somebody,why did they behave that way?"
    Today I like to read factual books such as biographies,where you get an insight into the lives of important and well-known people.I also enjoy looking at travel books and learning about journeys and new destinations.It's a good substitute if you can't visit in person.
    But the main benefit of reading is the improvement it brings to our literacy.The more we do it,the better we get and who knows-one day you may become the next Tolstoy,Jackie  Collins or even William Shakespeare.

46.How does the author introduce the topic of this text?A
A.By asking questions.   
B.By giving examples.
C.By offering suggestions.
D.By doing experiments.
47.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?D
A.How teachers help US learn about characters.
B.Why parents love telling stories in our childhood.
C.What kinds of writings are suitable for teens to read.
D.Who or what encourages US to be interested in reading.
48.Why was the author J.K.Rowling called a‘literacy hero'?B
A.For her struggle against unfortunate life.
B.For her inspiring children to love reading.
C.For her experience of learning difficulties.
D.For her well-known books of Harry Potter.
49.Reading and discussing stories with prisonersD.
A.help them enjoy their pastime
B.1ead them to be prison writers
C.guide them to gain new knowledge
D.instruct them to start to a new life
50.For what purpose does the author like to read factual books?B
A.Because they are more interesting.
B.Because they supply inspirations for life.
C.Because they help people save a lot of money.
D.Because they completely take the place of personal travel.
12.Homework will not be a concern for pupils attending a pioneering new secondary school in Norfolk.Instead,the  l,100 children will stay longer at school,doing extra study at school as part of the extended (延长的) school day,which could last until about 5 pm.
     Rather than setting homework that pupils could struggle with at home,where there may be limited access to computers,they will do that as independent study in the day.When they go home they should enjoy quality family time.That has been really well received by parents who respect the fact that family time will be family time.But the school would still expect youngsters to study at home ahead of important exams.
     Independent learning at school would ensure equality because kids who get help with homework from parents might rely on others too much.
     Peter Devonish.a teacher at the school,said,"Having the children at school a bit longer to strengthen their learning is a really good idea,because they can have their time with the family."But he warned."A disadvantage is that our school is in the countryside,which means it's not so perfect to get children home at that time."
     Mr.Devonish said they also set pupils project-based homework,such as looking at an energy-efficient house,which allowed them to combine independent study with working with their parents.
     Craig Morrison,another teacher,said,"A large problem with homework has been that not enough is done with it.With homework.a lot of effort can go into it,so it's about celebrating what children do rather than processing it in terms of marking it and handing it back."
56.How will students spend their longer days at school?C
A.They will prepare their lessons for exams.
B.They will do homework with their teachers.
C.They will study all by themselves.
D.They will do homework on computers.
57.Why is the new idea well accepted by some parents?B
A.Because it helps kids with their homework.
B.Because kids will enjoy quality family time.
C.Because kids will be educated equally at school.
D.Because it can make houses more energy-efficient.
58.What is Mr.Devonish worried about?D
A.The students may dislike the idea.
B.No staff will agree to stay until 5:30 p.m.
C.More teachers will be needed.
D.The students may get home late.
59.According to Mr.Morrison,the'problem with homework isA.
A.what effort children make to do it
B.how teachers mark it and return it
C.how much homework should be set
D.that parents may object to the plan
60.The passage is mainly aboutB.
A.teachers who are asked to stay at school longer
B.a school where children stay longer for homework
C.homework which students have to deal with
D.students who like quality school time with teachers.
19.Observational Learning:To See Is to Know
A group of psychologists,led by Albert Bandura,developed social learning theory,which emphasizes the fact that much learning occurs in a social context.This kind of learning,which results simply from observing and imitating the behaviors of others,is called observational learning.Observational learning helps people acquire proper behaviors in their families and cultures:By watching others,we learn how to greet people,eat,laugh and tell jokes.Do you still remember your first few days in senior grade one?By watching others,you learned how people talked to each other,what clothes were"fashionable,"and how to interact with instructors.
The people from whom you learn new behaviors through observing function as models,presenting a behavior to be imitated.With modeling,you observe others'behaviors,and then none,some,or all of these behaviors may be learned and repeated,or modified.In one of Bandura's classic studies,children were divided into three groups:One group watched an adult beating up a Bobo doll,one group watched an adult ignoring the Bobo doll,and the third didn't see an adult at all.After being mildly frustrated by being placed in a room with toys,but not being allowed to play with some of them,all of the children were then placed in another room with a variety of toys,including a Bobo doll.Children in the first group tended to imitate what they had seen,mistreating the doll (and inventing new ways to abuse it) and being aggressive with the other toys in the room.
Researchers have discovered that several characteristics of models can make learning through observation more effective.Not surprisingly,the more you pay attention to the model,the more you learn.You are more likely to pay attention if the model is an expert,is good looking,has high status,or is socially powerful.Second,by watching others,we learn about what behaviors are appropriate for people like ourselves,so models who are seen as similar are more readily imitated.All students need to see successful,capable models who look and sound like them.
Then,as teachers,how can you apply observational learning?Here are a few guidelines.Above all,model the behaviors and attitudes you desire your students to learn.For example,show enthusiasm for the subject you teach.Be willing to demonstrate both the mental and the physical tasks you expect the students to perform.Second,use peers,especially class leaders,as models.For example,in group work,pair students who do well with those who are having difficulties.Third,you may seek the help of class leaders in modeling behaviors.Examples include letting high-status students lead an activity when you need class cooperation or when students are likely to be reluctant at first.
Observational Learning:To See Is to Know
9.Even Spider-Man knew it,since Peter Parker's uncle Ben told him:With great power comes great responsibility.But when you're a fan of high-tech,the temptation to abuse your powers is hard to resist.
At first we place this equipment mostly in the interest of"family security".For example,all of our external doors and windows are connected via a Vivint home security system.Nobody in our house carries keys anymore; instead,we open the WiFi-connected door locks with our own numerical codes.I get alerts to my phone when doors and windows are opened.Checking Vivint's website,I can see exactly who came or left,and when.
The Piper is just one of a handful of surveillance cams (监控摄像头) we have set up across the house.Its purpose is not to scare the wandering teenagers; it's for chasing off intruders (people who goes into a place where they are not supposed to be).But this surveillance equipment also doubles as an effective way to keep an eye on the kids.
In the old days,my parents used to hide in the dark so they could surprise my older sisters when they came carelessly home very early in the morning.Today there's an app (计算机应用程序) for that.We have the ability to know where our children are and what they're doing,if we choose to.
Over the years we have installed various apps on their phones,like Life 360and Glympse,which let us look up their location with a few taps.Since my son began driving two years ago,we've had an Audiovox Car Connection dongle plugged into the onboard computer of our aging family car.I get a text whenever he leaves or arrives home,and if I so choose I can trace his recent movements on a map.And when my wife and I are out of town,we can call up cams on our phones to see if a teen dance party is being held in our household.
Still,the decision whether to track your loved ones is not an easy one.But I believe the positives finally outweigh the negatives.Technology has enabled us to fasten our kids with a rope at an earlier age,to allow them more self-direction,not less.It has helped us guide them,at a distance,toward making smarter choices.Hopefully it will also allow us to stay in touch with them when they get older and leave the nest.

55.According to the passage,what function does Vivint home security system have?B
A.Numerical keys.B.Warning service.C.Free WiFi.D.Website codes.
56.Why does the writer set up the Piper surveillance cam?C
A.To frighten away the people traveling around his house.
B.To keep an eye on his kids.
C.To force housebreakers to leave.
D.To see exactly who came or left,and when.
57.Which equipment does the writer use to know what his kids are doing?D
A.The  Audiovox Car Connection dongle.B.Glympse.
C.Life 360.D.The Piper surveillance cam.
58.What's the writer's attitude towards the high-tech equipment?A
A.Approving.B.Critical.C.Objectionable.D.Suspicious.
16.California has a new program called the Digital Textbook Initiative."Starting this fall with high school math and science,we will be the first state in the nation to provide schools with a state-approved list of digital textbooks."That was Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger in June,talking about his effort to get schools to use materials available free online.He listed reasons why he thinks digital textbooks make sense.
California approves traditional textbooks in six-year cycles.Digital ones can offer the latest information.They lighten the load of school bags.They save paper and trees,and make learning more fun and interactive.And above all,he said,they help schools with their finances.
The state has had to make severe cuts in school spending because of deep financial problems.More than six million students attend California public schools.
Earlier this year,California invited content developers to offer digital math and science materials for high schools.These had to meet at least 90% of the state's learning requirements.Specially trained teachers examined 16 textbooks and approved ten of them.Six of the ten were published by the CK 12 Foundation,a nonprofit group that had been developing digital science and math books for about two years.The foundation paid teachers and other education professionals to write and edit them.The money came from a group financed by the Khosla Family.
California cannot require schools to use the digital textbooks.Individual school districts will have to decide for themselves.Susan Martimo,a California Department of Education official,says she does not expect widespread use right away.Her best guess is that some schools with a lot of technology will be the first to use them,but only in addition to their traditional books.
School administrators point out that the texts may be free online,but students need a way to access them.Not everyone has a computer or electronic reader.Schools could print out copies,but that would not help the environment.Also,there is the cost to train teachers to use digital textbooks effectively.

36.The Digital Textbook InitiativeD.
A.will probably take effect in six years
B.covers all the high school subjects
C.has been approved by all states
D.is advocated by California state governor
37.Digital textbooks are most meaningful in that they are toA.
A.help save money                  
B.benefit the environment
C.provide interesting materials    
D.reduce students'heavy burden
38.Which of the following is TRUE of the CK 12 Foundation?D
A.It publishes all the books for students free of charge                   
B.It provides money to write and edit all the textbooks in the USA
C.It is organized and supported by Khosla Family                   
D.It offers digital math and science materials for high schools
39.According to Susan Martimo,digital textbooks willC.
A.come into fashion from now on
B.soon replace traditional ones
C.first be adopted by well-equipped schools
D.surely be approved by school districts
40.It can be inferred from the last paragraph thatB.
A.schools are reluctant to print out copies
B.the program is not easy to carry out
C.students have no access to the computers
D.teachers fail to use the textbooks effectively.

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网