题目内容
12.Before the grass has thickened on the roadside verges(边缘) and leaves have started growing on the trees is a perfect time to look around and see just how dirty Britain has become.The pavements are stained(污染) with chewing gum that has been spat out and the gutters(排水沟) are full of discarded fast food cartons(纸板箱).Years ago I remember travelling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags,discarded bottles and soiled nappies at the edge of every road.Nowadays,Britain seems to look at least as bad.What has gone wrong?The problem is that the rubbish created by our increasingly mobile lives lasts a lot longer than before.If it is not cleared up and properly thrown away,it stays in the undergrowth for years; a semi-permanent(半永久性的)reminder of what a tatty(不整洁的) little country we have now.
Firstly,it is estimated that 10billion plastic bags have been given to shoppers.These will take anything from 100to 1,000years to rot.However,it is not as if there is no solution to this.A few years ago,the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 90%.When he was a minister,Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain.The plastics industry protested,of course.However,they need not have bothered; the idea was killed before it could draw breath,leaving supermarkets free to give away plastic bags.
What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative(首创精神),both individual and collective(集体),before it is too late.The alternative is to continue sliding downhill until we have a country that looks like a vast municipal rubbish tip.We may well be at the tipping point.Yet we know that people respond to their environment.If things around them are clean and tidy,people behave cleanly and tidily.If they are surrounded by squalor(肮脏的),they behave squalidly.Now,much of Britain looks pretty squalid(卑劣的).What will it look like in five years?
12.According to the writer,things used to beA.
A.bad abroad.
B.good abroad.
C.better abroad.
D.worse,but now things are better abroad.
13.When Michael Meacher was a minister,heB.
A.followed the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags.
B.tried to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags.
C.made no attempt to follow the Irish example with a tax on plastic bags.
D.had problems with the plastics industry who weren't bothered about the tax.
14.The writer thinksD.
A.it is too late to do anything to solve the problem.
B.we are at the tipping point to solve the problem.
C.there is no alternative to solve the problem.
D.we need to work together to solve the problem.
15.What can be inferred from the writer's opinion?B
A.people are squalid and they behave squalidly.
B.people behave according to what they see around them.
C.people are clean and tidy and behave cleanly and tidily.
D.people are like a vast municipal rubbish tip.
分析 本文为环保类阅读,以英国为例介绍了国外的环境污染问题,呼吁人们团结协作保护环境.
解答 12-15 ABDB
12.答案A.细节理解题.根据第一段"Years ago I remember travelling abroad and being saddened by the plastic bags,discarded bottles and soiled nappies at the edge of every road"和"Nowadays,Britain seems to look at least as bad"可知,作者过去在国外旅游时,觉得国外的环境很糟糕,故选A.
13.答案B.细节理解题.根据第三段"A few years ago,the Irish government introduced a tax on non-recyclable carrier bags and in three months reduced their use by 90%.When he was a minister,Michael Meacher attempted to introduce a similar arrangement in Britain"可知,Michael Meacher想像爱尔兰一样征收塑料袋的税,故选B.
14.答案D.细节理解题.根据最后一段"What is clearly necessary right now is some sort of combined initiative(首创精神),both individual and collective(集体),before it is too late"可知,作者认为我们需要的是团结一致的首创精神,不管是个人还是集体.故选D.
15.答案B.推理判断题.根据最后一段"Yet we know that people respond to their environment.If things around them are clean and tidy,people behave cleanly and tidily.If they are surrounded by squalor(肮脏的),they behave squalidly"可知,人们的行为受周围环境的影响,故选B.
点评 健康环保类文章可分为三部分:第一部分一般是文章的首段,主要用来提出文章的主题,即文章想要阐述、说明的主要内容;第二部分是文章的主体,可由若干个段落组成,对文章的主题进行展开说明;第三部分是结尾段,对文章的主题进行归纳总结.这类文章多用一般现在时,而且一般多使用客观性词语表述.有时为了强调客观性,也常使用被动语态.
从近几年的考试题来看,科普环保类的文章越来越与人们的实际生活相接近.由于此类文章缺乏故事情节,很多同学对此类文章感到费解.但一般的科普类文章都是就事论事,需要逻辑推理和想象的时候较少,因此此类阅读题也没有同学们想象中的那么难,只要多加训练,就能较好地答题.

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