Question

6．Did you know that falling down is the leading cause of injury death for Americans aged 65and older？
Each year 35to 40percent of older adult Americans fall at least once．
Falling down is not just the result of getting older．Falling can be caused by a variety of circumstances，and many falls can be prevented．
Here are 4simple steps you can take to significantly reduce your risk of injury from falling down．
Improve Your Body Balance with Exercise to Prevent Falling．
•If you don't have a regular exercise program，start one．Lack of exercise leads to weakness，and that increases your chances of falling．
•Exercise can improve your body balance and flexibility at any age．Try exercises like Yoga and Tai Chi．
•If you are over 50and haven't exercised regularly，check with your health care provider about the
best type of exercise program for you．
Increase Your Home's Accessibility and Safety to Reduce Falling Risks
About half of all falls happen at home．To increase accessibility and make your home safer：
•Remove items you might trip over from stairs and places where you walk．
•Remove small throw rugs（易滑地垫）or use double-sided tape to keep the rugs from slipping．
•Have grab bars installed next to your toilet，and install grab bars in your tub or shower．
•Improve the lighting in your home．
•Make sure all stairways have handrails and sufficient lighting．
•Wear shoes that give good support and have thin non-slip soles．
You might also consider avoiding lightweight slippers（especially backless styles），which can reduce your feeling of control．
Prevent Falling：Watch Out for Medication Side Effects
Age can affect the way some medications work in your body，so if you have been taking any over-the-counter medications for a while，it's important to tell your health care provider．He or she will be able to tell you if they are still safe for you to take．
•Look out for drugs that have side effects including drowsiness（困倦）．These side effects can increase your risk of falling．This is especially important with over-the-counter cold and flu medications，which can often increase drowsiness．
•And don't forget herbal remedies（草药）．Some remedies increase sleepiness and many react with other types of medication，which could increase your risk of falling down．Be sure to check with your health care provider before trying new medication．
Want to Prevent Falling？Have Your Vision Checked Regularly
Vision problems can increase your chances of falling．
•You may be wearing the wrong glasses that cause vision problems or limit your vision．
•To reduce your risk of falling，have your vision checked by an eye doctor every year for early detection and correction of vision problems．If you can't see something，it's harder to avoid it，and this increases your risk of falling．

How to Reduce Your Risk of Injury from Falling
（76）steps\measures\ways	Detailed suggestions
Make your body （77）balancebetter with exercise	•Try exercises （78）regularlylike Yoga and Tai Chi •Make clear which is the best type of exercise program for you in advance
Increase your home's accessibility and safety	•Remove items that might cause you to （79）fall\slip •（80）Installitems that will support you when needed •Improve the lighting in and out of your room •Wear non-slip shoes
Be（81）carefulof medication side effects	•Do check with your health care provider to ensure your （82）safetyof taking any over-the-counter medications，（83）whetheryou have taken them or not
Protect your vision carefully	•Don't（84）wearthe wrong glasses that damage your vision •Have your vision checked regularly to detect and correct your （85）potentialvision problems

Answer 1

分析 文章就防止老年人摔倒给出建议．

解答 76．Steps/Measures/Ways　细节题．　根据第四段"Here are 4 simple steps…"可知，这里指"方法、步骤"．
77．balance　　细节题．根据第一步骤"Improve Your Body Balance with Exercise to Prevent Falling"可知，这里指"通过锻炼使身体平衡"．
78．regularly　　细节题．根据该步骤下"If you don't have a regular exercise program，start one．"以及"If you are over 50 and haven't exercised regularly…"可知，这里指"定期地参加像瑜伽或太极这样的锻炼"．
79．fall/slip　　推理题．这些建议的目的就是防止摔倒，所以不难推断出这里指"挪走可能让你摔倒的物品"．
80．Install　　概括题．根据第二步骤下第三条建议"Have grab bars installed next to your toilet，and install grab bars in your tub or shower．"可知，这里指"必要时，安装支撑物"．
81．careful　　细节题．根据第三步骤"Prevent Falling：Watch Out for Medication Side Effects"可知，与watch out for（当心，提防）词意相近的短语是be careful of（小心，注意）．
82．safety　　词性转换题，根据该步骤下第一段最后一句"He or she will be able to tell you if they are still safe for you to take．"可知，这里指"务必要和医疗服务人员核对，以确保你服用的非处方药物的安全"．
83．whether   细节题，"whether…or not"是习惯搭配，意思是"是否…或不…"．
84．wear　　细节题．根据第四步骤第一条建议"You may be wearing the wrong glasses that cause vision problems or limit your vision．"可知，这里指"不要戴有损视力的眼镜"．
85．potential　　推理题．该句意为"定期检查视力，及时发现和纠正你潜在的视力问题"．该题有一定难度，需根据句意猜测符合的单词．

点评 题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．